Clinical significance of T-bet, GATA-3, and Bcl-6 transcription factor expression in bladder carcinoma

International audienceBackground: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of three immune cell-related transcription factors, T-bet, GATA-3 and Bcl-6 in bladder cancer in Tunisian patients.Methods: Expression of T-bet, GATA-3 and Bcl-6 genes was assessed using RT-qPCR in 65 bladder cancers from patients: 32 being diagnosed as low-and medium-grade, 31 as high-grade, 25 as muscle invasive stage and 39 as non-muscle invasive stage. Gene expression was statistically correlated according to the grade, the stage, tobacco consumption, the BCG response and disease severity.Results: T-bet levels in patients with high-grade bladder cancer were significantly elevated compared to patients with low-or medium-grade bladder cancer (p = 0.005). In invasive carcinoma (T2-T4), the T-bet levels were significantly higher than in superficial non-invasive bladder tumors (Tis, Ta, and T1) (p = 0.02). However, T-bet is predictive of the response to BCG. Its expression is high in good responders to BCG (p = 0.02). In contrast, the expression of GATA-3 and Bcl-6 in non-invasive carcinoma (p = 0.008 and p = 0.0003) and in patients with low-and medium-grade cancers (p = 0.001 and p < 0.0001) is significantly higher than in invasive bladder tumors and in patients with high-grade bladder carcinoma, respectively. In addition, heavy smokers, whose tumors express low levels of GATA-3 and Bcl-6, are poor responders to BCG (p = 0.01 and p = 0.03). Finally, better patient survival correlated with GATA-3 (p = 0.04) and Bcl-6 (p = 0.04) but not T-bet expression.Conclusions: Our results suggest that T-bet expression in bladder tumors could be a positive prognostic indicator of BCG therapy, even if high levels are found in high-grade and stage of the disease. However, GATA-3 and Bcl-6 expression could be considered as predictive factors for good patient survival

Role of nitric oxide in tumor development. Role of HSF1 in development of zebrafish embryos in non heat-shocked conditions

L’utilisation de modèles animaux a permis la découverte de mécanismes importants du développement en général, et du développement tumoral en particulier afin d’établir et mettre au point de nouveaux traitements. Le poisson zèbre (Danio rerio), est de plus en plus utilisé dans le cadre de ces recherches du fait de ses nombreux avantages comme par exemple la transparence de ses larves ou une forte homologie avec l’homme. Plusieurs approches ont été développées chez ce poisson comme l’invalidation transitoire d’un gène afin d’identifier le rôle d’une protéine dans le développement, ou alors la transplantation de cellules tumorales de mammifères et étudier les réponses aux traitements anti-tumoraux.C’est dans l’un de ces deux contextes que nous avons étudié le rôle du monoxyde d’azote dans le développement tumoral. Pour cela nous avons utilisé une sonde fluorescente et avons pu détecter in vivo une production de monoxyde d’azote associée aux cellules tumorales xénogreffées, dont l’utilisation d’un capteur du NO, le cPTIO s’est traduit par une perte de cellules tumorales et une baisse de l’expression d’un facteur angiogénique le VEGF, démontrant une utilisation potentielle dans du cPTIO comme molécule anti-tumorale.L’autre volet d’étude a été l’identification du rôle de HSF1 dans le développement et la différenciation des globules rouges chez le poisson zèbre comme modèle expérimental, dans des conditions de non stress thermique. Pour cela, nous avons inactivé transitoirement le gène hsf1 grâce aux morpholinos, et avons constaté des défauts dans le développement, mais aussi une altération de la différenciation des érythrocytes.The use of animal models has led to the discovery of important mechanisms of biology development in general, and tumor development in particular, to establish and develop new treatments. The Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly used nowadays as part of this research because of its many advantages such as the transparency of the larvae, and the high homology with human. Several approaches have been developed in this fish, as the gene-knockdown in order to identify the role of a protein in the development, or the tumor transplantation of mammalian cells to study anti-tumor treatments response.It is in one of these two contexts that we studied the role of nitric oxide in tumor development in zebrafish. We used a fluorescent probe and were able to detect in vivo the production of nitric oxide associated with xenograft tumor cells. The use of an NO scanvenger, the cPTIO resulted in a loss of tumor cells and a decrease in the expression of an angiogenic factor VEGF, showing a potential in the use of cPTIO as antitumor molecule.We used also the transitory invalidation of hsf1 gene, in order to explore a potential new role in the development and red blood cells differentiation in zebrafish as an experimental model, in non heat-shocked conditions. We found that HSF1 was important for the differentiation of erythrocytes, and its inactivation also reflected defects in development

Rôle du monoxyde d'azote dans le développement tumoral chez le poisson zèbre. Rôle de HSF1 dans le développement chez le poisson zèbre en absence de choc thermique

The use of animal models has led to the discovery of important mechanisms of biology development in general, and tumor development in particular, to establish and develop new treatments. The Zebrafish (Danio rerio) is increasingly used nowadays as part of this research because of its many advantages such as the transparency of the larvae, and the high homology with human. Several approaches have been developed in this fish, as the gene-knockdown in order to identify the role of a protein in the development, or the tumor transplantation of mammalian cells to study anti-tumor treatments response.It is in one of these two contexts that we studied the role of nitric oxide in tumor development in zebrafish. We used a fluorescent probe and were able to detect in vivo the production of nitric oxide associated with xenograft tumor cells. The use of an NO scanvenger, the cPTIO resulted in a loss of tumor cells and a decrease in the expression of an angiogenic factor VEGF, showing a potential in the use of cPTIO as antitumor molecule.We used also the transitory invalidation of hsf1 gene, in order to explore a potential new role in the development and red blood cells differentiation in zebrafish as an experimental model, in non heat-shocked conditions. We found that HSF1 was important for the differentiation of erythrocytes, and its inactivation also reflected defects in development.L’utilisation de modèles animaux a permis la découverte de mécanismes importants du développement en général, et du développement tumoral en particulier afin d’établir et mettre au point de nouveaux traitements. Le poisson zèbre (Danio rerio), est de plus en plus utilisé dans le cadre de ces recherches du fait de ses nombreux avantages comme par exemple la transparence de ses larves ou une forte homologie avec l’homme. Plusieurs approches ont été développées chez ce poisson comme l’invalidation transitoire d’un gène afin d’identifier le rôle d’une protéine dans le développement, ou alors la transplantation de cellules tumorales de mammifères et étudier les réponses aux traitements anti-tumoraux.C’est dans l’un de ces deux contextes que nous avons étudié le rôle du monoxyde d’azote dans le développement tumoral. Pour cela nous avons utilisé une sonde fluorescente et avons pu détecter in vivo une production de monoxyde d’azote associée aux cellules tumorales xénogreffées, dont l’utilisation d’un capteur du NO, le cPTIO s’est traduit par une perte de cellules tumorales et une baisse de l’expression d’un facteur angiogénique le VEGF, démontrant une utilisation potentielle dans du cPTIO comme molécule anti-tumorale.L’autre volet d’étude a été l’identification du rôle de HSF1 dans le développement et la différenciation des globules rouges chez le poisson zèbre comme modèle expérimental, dans des conditions de non stress thermique. Pour cela, nous avons inactivé transitoirement le gène hsf1 grâce aux morpholinos, et avons constaté des défauts dans le développement, mais aussi une altération de la différenciation des érythrocytes

New chemotype of essential oil of Achillea santolina L. collected from different regions of Algeria

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Synergistic effects of essential oils and phenolic extracts on antimicrobial activities using blends of Artemisia campestris, Artemisia herba alba, and Citrus aurantium

This study explores the synergistic antibacterial effects of essential oils (EOs) and phenolic extracts from three plants against foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The present work aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of the binary and the ternary combinations of extracts using different blend proportions of the following plant extracts: Artemisia campestris (AC), Artemisia herba alba (AHA), and Citrus aurantium (CA). The antimicrobial activities of EOs and phenolic extracts were determined and evaluated against five strains. For the EOs, the results of the DIZ showed the existence of synergism for different combinations of binary blends, such as AC/AHA or AHA/CA against Escherichia coli, and AC/CA against Enterobacter faecalis. In addition, ternary blends of AC:AHA:CA at a ratio of 1/6:2/3:1/6 exhibited a synergy effect, as measured by the CI, against E. coli. On the other hand, for the phenolic extracts, synergistic effects were noticed for binary blends of AC/CA at different ratios against E. coli, E. faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. Similarly, ternary blends of phenolic extracts presented synergy against E. coli, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa strains, and even C. albicans. In this case, the blending ratios were crucial determining factors for maximizing the synergy effect. The study established that the proportion of a single drug could play an essential role in determining the bioefficacy of a drug combination treatment. Therefore, the results showed the importance of studying the modulation of antibacterial activities based on the proportions of extracts in the mixture and finding the range of proportions (as determined by SLMD) that have a synergistic/additive/antagonistic effect with no or low side effects, which can be used in a food preservation system

Essential oils composition of different Achillea santolina L. plant parts growing in Algeria

International audienceThe essential oils (EOs) of leaves, flowers and stems of Achillea santolina L. (Asteraceae) collected at complete flowering stage from Southwest of Algeria, were isolated by hydrodistillation and subsequently analyzed by means of GC and GC/MS. Quantitative and qualitative differences in chemical compositions between the studied parts of this plant were observed. The EOs were rich in oxygenated monoterpenes (65.91–79.94%). The major constituents in the flowers, leaves and stems were: camphor (68.12, 65.17, 55.72%), 1,8-cineole (8.22, 4.77, 0.7%) and α-terpineol (2.84, 5.35, 2.76%). The highest EO yields were obtained for the leaves and the flowers (0.59 and 0.49% “v/w”, respectively), whereas, the stems were characterized by very weak yield value (0.05%)

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Pituranthos scoparius

International audienceThe essential oils obtained by hydro distillation of the aerial parts of Pituranthos scoparius were collected from different regions of Algeria and gave various yields ranging from 0.6 up to 2.8% (v/w). These samples were analyzed by GC and GC-MS showing the occurrence of monoterpene hydrocarbons and some oxygenated compounds. The major components were alpha-pinene (4.4-35.8%), limonene (0.8-66.5%), bornyl acetate (tr-9.6%), myristicin (tr-31.1) and dill apiole (0.4-47.3%). The aerial parts of P. scoparius could be either very rich or very poor in limonene, myristicin or dill apiole. Cluster analysis shows differences in essential oil compositions of samples coming from the different area collected

Send Orders for Reprints to [email protected] Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Three Algerian Lamiaceae Species

International audienceBackground: The present work investigates the chemical composition, the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activities of the Essential Oils (EOs) of three species of the Lamiaceae family gowning in Algeria: Thymus vulgaris L., Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut. and Mentha pulegium L. Methods: Essential Oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of the studied plants were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antioxidant activity of the EOs was determined using two different assays: free radical scavenging activity of DPPH • (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and Phosphomolybdenum reducing power. The EOs were also tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against eight pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus " MRSA " and Enterococcus faecalis); a yeast (Candida albicans); and a fungi (Fusarium oxysporum)

Chemical Composition, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oils of Three Algerian Lamiaceae Species

International audienceCITATIONS 0 READS 240 5 authors, including: Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: lipase inhibition: obesity treatment View project how the different properties structural influence in chelation of iron as dipole moment or lipophilicity View project Nadhir Gourine Université Amar Telidji Laghouat Abstract: Background: The present work investigates the chemical composition, the antioxidant and the antimicrobial activities of the Essential Oils (EOs) of three species of the Lamiaceae family gowning in Algeria: Thymus vulgaris L., Thymus algeriensis Boiss. & Reut. and Mentha pulegium L. Methods: Essential Oils (EOs) obtained by hydrodistillation of the aerial parts of the studied plants were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The antioxidant activity of the EOs was determined using two different assays: free radical scavenging activity of DPPH • (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and Phosphomolybdenum reducing power. The EOs were also tested for their antibacterial and antifungal activities against eight pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin resistant strain of S. aureus " MRSA " and Enterococcus faecalis); a yeast (Candida albicans); and a fungi (Fusarium oxysporum)