Non injectivity of the q-deformed von Neumann algebra

We prove that the von Neumann algebra generated by q-gaussians is not injective as soon as the dimension of the underlying Hilbert space is greater than 1. Our approach is based on a vector valued Khintchine type inequality for Wick products. The same proof also works for the more general setting of a Yang-Baxter deformation. Our techniques can also be extended to the so called q-Araki-Woods von Neumann algebras recently introduced by Hiai. In this latter case, we obtain the non injectivity under some asssumption on the spectral set of the positive operator associated with the deformation

Happiness Institutions

Bakhjulsstyrning av fordon är en möjlig konfiguration som lite glömts bort inom fordonstekniken. Tidigare arbeten inom ämnet bakhjulsstyrning är väldigt detaljerade och snäva i sin analys. I detta arbete vill författaren visa en bakgrund till hur olika farkoster styrs samt analys av detta. Syftet med arbetet är att utifrån litteratursökning och intervjuer kunna besvara vilken inverkan drivkällans placering och de konceptuella skillnaderna mellan olika farkoster har på styrningens placering. Samt vilka förväntade egenskaper en farkost får med icke konventionell styrning. Med hjälp av en simulering i MATLAB är syftet att kunna besvara vilken roll massa, hastighet och axellängd spelar för ett bakhjulsstyrt fordon och hur responsen ser ut jämfört med ett framhjulsstyrt fordon. Resultatet från intervjuerna och litteraturen visar att drivkällans placering nära rodret är väldigt viktig för fartygs styrningsförmåga. Däremot för flygplan påverkar det mest lastförmåga och för fordon tyngdpunktens placering. De konceptuella skillnaderna visar på att större fordon har mer att vinna på fyrhjulsstyrning då en mindre vändradie är merkritiskt för dessa och att flygplan som flyger i överljudsfart behöver andra vinguppsättningar. För fartyg har det visat sig att en liten vändradie är viktigt i hamnområden och att både stora och små fartyg då använder sig av bogpropellrar. De förväntade egenskaperna för en ickekonventionell styrning är främst negativ för fordon och fartyg, då det finns risk för instabilitet och överstyrning, medan flygplan redananvänder sig av styrningen fram i form av nosvingar. Simuleringarna visar att ett bakhjulsstyrt fordon bör ha en hastighetsbegränsning då det blir svårkontrollerat i höga hastigheter över 50km/h. En större massa har visat sig hämma magnituden av den laterala accelerationen en i fel riktning och en längre axellängd minskar rotationshastigheten kring gir-led. Resultaten visar också att ett bakhjulsstyrt fordon har en fördröjning av den laterala accelerationen jämfört med ett framhjulsstyrt fordon på 0,1-0,2 sekunder beroende av bland annat massa, axellängd och hastighet. Responstesten visar att denna fördröjning bidrar till att den laterala förflyttningen är fördröjd första sekunden för hastigheter 10-90km/h men att redan efterytterligare 1,5 sekunder är den dubbel så stor för hastigheter 50-90km/h. Slutsatsen är att fordon inte har bakhjulsstyrning i höga hastigheter på grund av den fördröjda responsen i början samt av att utslaget efter några sekunder blir väldigt mycket kraftigare vilket gör fordonet svårt att kontrollera.Rear wheel steering of vehicles is a possible steering, which has been forgotten in vehicle design. Earlier works show only details concerning one vehicle type from this subject. In this work the author will first present a background to how different vehicles are steered and then the analysis of it. The purpose with this paper is to from literature and interviews answer to which impact the placement of the engine and the conceptual differences have on the steering from different vessels. It will also answer which anticipated properties the steering will have if it´s not placed in a conventional way. Through simulation in MATLAB the paper will answer to which degree mass, velocity and length of axle influences steering behaviour of a rear wheal steered, RWS, car and how the steering response is different to a front wheal steered car, FWS. The result from the literature and the interview shows that placement of engine and propeller near the rudder is very important for a ships steering capability. For vehicles it has most effect on the centrum of gravity, which is to prefer in middle of the vehicle,and for airplanes the ability to place cargo. The conceptual differences shows that a larger vehicle has more to gain, if it is equipped with four wheel steering, due to turning radius is a more critical aspect. For airplanes in super sonic speed it reveals that they need another set of wings. Ships need a smaller turning radius in harbours and all size of ships then use thrusters. The properties of a vessel with not conventional steering are most negative for cars and ships because of risk for oversteering and instability, while for airplanes its already in use in form of canard wings. The simulations display that rear wheel steered vehicle should have a limit of velocity because of its behaviour in high speeds over 50 km/h. A larger mass has shown todepress the magnitude of lateral acceleration in wrong direction and a larger length of an axle is shown to depress the yaw-rate. The result also displays that a RWS vehicle has a delay of the lateral acceleration compared to a FWS vehicle with approximately 0,1-0,2 seconds depending on mass, velocity and length of axle. The test of response indicates that this delay contributes to the delay of the lateral movement of the vehicle the first second for speeds between 10-90 km/h, but after only 1,5 seconds further thelateral movement is twice the value for speeds 50-90km/h. The conclusion is that vehicle doesn’t have RWS due to the delay in response in the beginning and the very larger lateral movement after only seconds later, which makes the vehicle hard to control

Agency Self-Insulation Under Presidential Review

Agencies possess enormous regulatory discretion. This discretion allows executive branch agencies in particular to insulate their decisions from presidential review by raising the costs of such review. They can do so, for example, through variations in policymaking form, cost-benefit analysis quality, timing strategies, and institutional coalition-building. This Article seeks to help shift the literature\u27s focus on courtcentered agency behavior to consider instead the role of the President under current executive orders. Specifically, the Article marshals public-choice insights to offer an analytic framework for what it calls agency self-insulation under presidential review, illustrates the phenomenon, and assesses some normative implications. The framework generates several empirically testable hypotheses regarding how presidential transitions and policy shifts will influence agency behavior. It also challenges the doctrinal focus on removal restrictions and highlights instead a more functional understanding of agency independence. Finally, these dynamics suggest a role for courts to help enforce separation of powers principles within the executive branch and also, along with Congress, to facilitate political monitoring by encouraging information from sources external to the presidential review process

Regulatory Textualism

This Article proposes a textualist approach to regulatory interpretation. Regulatory textualism, however, should be distinct from statutory textualism. Judges should interpret regulations armed not with dictionaries or other general linguistic aids, but rather with a hierarchy of sources that sheds light on the text’s public meaning. Methodologically, this approach tailors positive political theory insights to the rulemaking process. That process features a number of pivotal actors, or veto-gates, who must sign off on a regulation before it can proceed. The court’s interpretive task is to privilege those statements that are more likely to be credible—sincere, not strategic—reflections of the text’s public meaning. Specifically, the judge should first consider the preamble’s provision-by-provision explanations, which frequently respond to public comments raising potential ambiguities. If ambiguity persists, the judge should then consult the regulatory analyses, which predict the rule’s consequences under specific factual scenarios. Both congressional and presidential veto-gates, as well as the public more generally, rely on these analyses when engaging with the regulatory process. Finally, if these materials conflict, the court should then defer to the agency’s interpretation—provided that the agency provides a reasoned explanation. In this manner, regulatory textualism asks how the reasonable reader of a rule would have understood its meaning as negotiated by the President, Congress, and other politically legitimate actors

Improving OpenStack Swift interaction with the I/O stack to enable software defined storage

This paper analyses how OpenStack Swift, a distributed object storage service for a globally used middleware, interacts with the I/O subsystem through the Operating System. This interaction, which seems organised and clean on the middleware side, becomes disordered on the device side when using mechanical disk drives, due to the way threads are used internally to request data. We will show that only modifying the Swift threading model we achieve an 18% mean improvement in performance with objects larger than 512 KiB and obtain a similar performance with smaller objects. Compared to the original scenario, the performance obtained on both scenarios is obtained in a fair way: the bandwidth is shared equally between concurrently accessed objects. Moreover, this threading model allows us to apply techniques for Software Defined Storage (SDS). We show an implementation of a Bandwidth Differentiation technique that can control each data stream and that guarantees a high utilization of the device.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community under the IOStack (H2020-ICT-2014-7-1) project, by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under the TIN2015-65316-P grant and by the Catalan Government under the 2014-SGR-1051 grant. To learn more about the IOStack H2020 project, please visit http:nnwww.iostack.eu.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Elusive retributive justice in post-Khmer Rouge Cambodia: Challenges of using ECCC Victim Information Forms as a victim participatory rights mechanism

This paper focuses on the procedural challenges of using the Victim Information Forms (VIFs) to analyze survivors’ experiences with the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC), commonly known as the Khmer Rouge Tribunal. The paper takes a systematic public/medical sociology approach to examining the VIF as a participatory rights mechanism for victims wishing to pursue justice for themselves and their loved ones who experienced the Khmer Rouge atrocities, torture, forced relocation, starvation, forced labor, rape, robbery, and other physical and psychological torment, firsthand. It provides the first comparative, critical analysis of both the original VIF and the revised form issued midway through the submission period; both forms appear as appendices to the paper. Conclusions are drawn and suggestions made by the researcher based on the firsthand collection and submission of the largest group of VIFs from any single source around the world (outside of Cambodia itself), as well as on support work with victims/survivors during the ECCC proceedings in Phnom Penh, Cambodia in 2013