COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE DOIS MÉTODOS DE ARTRODESE INTERFALANGEANA PROXIMAL EM EQÜINOS

The aim of this study was thecomparison between the cerclage associatedto articular cartilage curettage with the injectionof monoiodoacetate to induce ankylosis of theproximal interphalangeal joint (PIJ) in horses.Twelve horses were randomly allotted in two groups(n=6): surgical arthrodesis (CerG) and chemicalarthrodesis (MiaG), observed during seven months.After each treatment, animals were evaluated forlameness on days 7, 14 and 30, and also every30 days until the end of follow up. They were alsoevaluated for radiographic signs of osteoarthritis on days 30, 90, 120, 150, 180 e 210. During thefirst 24 hours (M0), MiaG showed more discomfortwhen compared to CerG, with lameness grade 5 inall animals. But, at M210, there was no differenceon lameness between groups. Radiographic signsfor osteoarthritis were observed on both groups,but they indicated greater tendency to ankylosis inCerG. Therefore, fusion was not observed in anygroup. It was concluded that both techniques werenot efficient for the induction of ankylosis in the PIJin horses.O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi acomparação entre a cerclagem óssea associada aoestímulo osteogênico e a injeção intraarticular demonoiodoacetato de sódio para indução de artrodeseda articulação interfalangeana proximal (AIP) emeqüinos. Foram utilizados 12 eqüinos dispostos aleatoriamenteem dois grupos (n=6): artrodese cirúrgica(CerG) e artrodese química (MiaG), acompanhadospor um período de sete meses. Após cada procedimento,os indivíduos foram avaliados quanto ao graude claudicação nos dias 7, 14 e 30 e a cada 30 diasaté o final do período de acompanhamento e, também,quanto aos sinais radiográficos de osteoartritenos dias 30, 90, 120, 150, 180 e 210. Nas primeiras24 horas (M0), o MiaG apresentou maior desconfortoem relação ao CerG, com grau 5 de claudicaçãopara todos os animais. Porém, em M210, não houvediferença no grau de claudicação entre os grupos.Os sinais radiográficios indicativos de osteoartriteforam evidentes para ambos os grupos e indicaramuma tendência maior à anquilose no CerG. Entretanto,a fusão não foi observada em nenhum animal tratado.Conclui-se que ambas as técnicas estudadasmostraram ser métodos ineficientes de indução de artrodese na AIP em equinos

Application of biotic and taxonomic distinctness indices in assessing the Ecological Quality Status of two coastal lakes: Caprolace and Fogliano lakes (Central Italy)

Marine biotic indices (AMBI, BENTIX) and the statistical tool M-AMBI (Multivariate AMBI) were applied as a comparative approach in assessing the Ecological Quality Status (EcoQS) of two Mediterranean coastal lakes (Caprolace and Fogliano lakes) situated in the Circeo National Park (Central Italy). The macrobenthic community was analysed using univariate indices (community structure), correspondence analysis (CA) and taxonomic distinctness indices (Delta(+) and Lambda(+)). The community composition showed a dominance of lagoonal species in both coastal lakes, while in Caprolace lake marine taxa were also found. Diversity index (H') complies to ranges found in Mediterranean lagoons and taxonomic distinctness indices demonstrated that taxonomy structure is in accordance with natural variability ranges. Principal component analysis (PCA) on chemical parameters of water and sediment showed that both coastal lakes differ mainly in their organic matter composition. In fact, the protein fraction of bio-polymeric carbon prevails in Fogliano lake, while the 'refractory' component represented by carbohydrate fraction is predominant in Caprolace lake. The difference between the two coastal lakes was also demonstrated by co-inertia analysis (COIA) performed using abundance of species and concentrations of chemical parameters. The results from the application of the three biotic indices do not highlight a clear distinction between the two lagoons. However, the AMBI index provided a more suitable evaluation of EcoQS corresponding to 'slightly polluted' lagoons while M-AMBI and moreover BENTIX indices indicated a worsening situation. The biotic indices are widely used in assessing the EcoQS in marine environments, but their proper application in transitional waters would depend on a resettlement; thresholds established in the biotic index scale values need to be modified according to natural variability of transitional waters referring to abiotic conditions and abundance of tolerant species. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

TRATAMENTO CIRÚRGICO SPLITTING NAS TENDINITES AGUDAS EXPERIMENTAIS EM EQÜINOS

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a eficácia do tratamento cirúrgico splitting em lesões tendíneas agudas induzidas experimentalmente. Para tanto, foram utilizados 8 eqüinos sadios, submetidos à aplicação de colagenase (2ml2,5mg/ml) nos tendões flexores digitais superficiais (TFDS) dos membros torácicos e após 7 dias da aplicação, foram realizadas incisões percutâneas - splitting - no local da lesão dos membros direitos (grupo tratado), permanecendo os membros esquerdos como grupo controle. Os 8 animais foram divididos em 2 grupos de mesmo número, segundo o período da realização das biópsias (grupo 1 - 30o dia e o grupo 2 - 60o dia após indução da tendinite). A monitoração dos animais foi realizada através de exames clínicos, ultra-sonográficos, análises macroscópica e histopatológica. Ao exame clínico não foi observada diferença significativa entre o grupo tratado e o controle. Com o exame ultra-sonográfico foi constatado que no grupo tratado houve uma significativa redução da área média da lesão naqueles membros em que foram observadas lesões iniciais maiores que 30% da área tendínea. Foram observadas menor celularidade do tecido de reparação e maior fibroplastia nos tecidos tratados, indicando melhor maturação tecidual neste grupo. Através dos resultados obtidos conclui-se que o splitting utilizado em lesões com áreas maiores que 30% da área transversal tendínea reduz o tempo de cicatrização da lesão e melhora a remodelação tecidual. Tendon splitting surgical treatment on experimental equine acute tendinitis Abstract The main aim of the present research work was to study the effects of the splitting on equine experimental tendinitis. Eight horses without soundness problems were used in this experiment. The tendinitis was induced by administration of collagenase (2 ml, 2.5 mg/ml) in the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) of all animals. After 7 days of the induction of tendinitis, an intralesional splitting was carried out with a tendon knife in the right forelimbs, the left forelimbs kept as control. The 8 animals were divided in two groups of 4 according to the period that the biopsies took place: group 1, at the 30th day and group 2 at the 60th day after the splitting had been performed. The splitting and healing processes were monitored by clinical and sonographic examinations during all the experiment, Gross and histopathological analysis of the forelimbs were performed in both groups of animals, at the 30th and the 60th day after the splitting, respectively. Follow-up sonographic examinations displayed the fact that lesions bigger than 30% of the tendon area showed significant decrease in the mean values of the lesion area in the split tendons, when compared with the control group at the days 15, 30 and 60 after the splitting. Split members showed marked improvement in the severity rates and percentile of residual tendon lesion at the 60 day. The cellularity of the repair tissue was significantly lower. besides the fact that there were more mature repair tissue in the split tendons at 30 and 60 days after the splitting. These results allowed to conclude that the split technique used in acute large core lesions reduce the time of wound healing and improve the scar remodeling

Eta photoproduction off the neutron at GRAAL: Evidence for a resonant structure at W=1.67 GeV

New (preliminary) data on eta photoproduction off the neutron are presented. These data reveal a resonant structure at W=1.67 GeV.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures. Published in Proceedings of Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons NSTAR2004, Grenoble, France, March 24 - 27, pg.19

Eta photoproduction off the neutron at GRAAL

The gamma n -> eta n quasi-free cross section reveals a resonant structure at W ~ 1.675 GeV. This structure may be a manifestation of a baryon resonance. A priori its properties, the possibly narrow width and the strong photocoupling to the neutron, look surprising. This structure may also signal the existence of a narrow state.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons NSTAR2005, 12 - 15 October 2005, Tallahassee, Florida, US

Tratamento de aspergilose pulmonar com itraconazol em um equino

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Tenectomia da cabeça medial do tendão flexor digital profundo em equinos

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A Model of Vertical Oligopolistic Competition

This paper develops a model of successive oligopolies with endogenous market entry, allowing for varying degrees of product differentiation and entry costs in both markets. Our analysis shows that the downstream conditions dominate the overall profitability of the two-tier structure while the upstream conditions mainly affect the distribution of profits. We compare the welfare effects of upstream versus downstream deregulation policies and show that the impact of deregulation may be overvalued when ignoring feedback effects from the other market. Furthermore, we analyze how different forms of vertical restraints influence the endogenous market structure and show when they are welfare enhancing

Reparação de fraturas experimentais de sesamóides proximais em eqüinos: parafusos bioabsorvíveis versus metálicos

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