"The Secret of England's Greatness"

The Secret of England's Greatness is a portrait by Thomas Jones Barker of Queen Victoria meeting an African envoy and presenting him with a copy of the Bible. Painted around 1863, it has become an icon of British imperialism in this period and of the justification of colonial expansion in terms of the transmission of the values of the Bible. As such, the portrait appears confident and unambiguous: the secret of England's greatness is unravelled and the truth is exposed. This article seeks to disturb the apparent absence of mystery in this painted encounter and to examine what remains concealed in the meeting between the white sovereign and the black emissary. Moving from Barker's painting to William Mulready's The Toyseller, which was completed in the same years and depicts a black pedlar trying to sell a wooden toy to a white mother and child, the article uncovers, within the language of painting and its surrounding discourses, a different kind of disturbing and exhilarating secret, concerned with racial identity and mid-Victorian desire. Working from a reading of the surface of the paintings to related representations of blackness in nineteenth-century science and culture, the article considers how The Toyseller negotiates the proximity of the figures of the black pedlar and the white mother and child and the significance of the compositional gap between them and suggests that Mulready's painting visualizes many of the issues that were at the heart of British imperialism in the middle of the nineteenth century, following the abolition of slavery

A parameter estimation subroutine package

Linear least squares estimation and regression analyses continue to play a major role in orbit determination and related areas. A library of FORTRAN subroutines were developed to facilitate analyses of a variety of estimation problems. An easy to use, multi-purpose set of algorithms that are reasonably efficient and which use a minimal amount of computer storage are presented. Subroutine inputs, outputs, usage and listings are given, along with examples of how these routines can be used. The routines are compact and efficient and are far superior to the normal equation and Kalman filter data processing algorithms that are often used for least squares analyses

A parameter estimation subroutine package

Linear least squares estimation and regression analyses continue to play a major role in orbit determination and related areas. In this report we document a library of FORTRAN subroutines that have been developed to facilitate analyses of a variety of estimation problems. Our purpose is to present an easy to use, multi-purpose set of algorithms that are reasonably efficient and which use a minimal amount of computer storage. Subroutine inputs, outputs, usage and listings are given along with examples of how these routines can be used. The following outline indicates the scope of this report: Section (1) introduction with reference to background material; Section (2) examples and applications; Section (3) subroutine directory summary; Section (4) the subroutine directory user description with input, output, and usage explained; and Section (5) subroutine FORTRAN listings. The routines are compact and efficient and are far superior to the normal equation and Kalman filter data processing algorithms that are often used for least squares analyses

A parameter estimation subroutine package

Linear least squares estimation and regression analyses continue to play a major role in orbit determination and related areas. FORTRAN subroutines have been developed to facilitate analyses of a variety of parameter estimation problems. Easy to use multipurpose sets of algorithms are reported that are reasonably efficient and which use a minimal amount of computer storage. Subroutine inputs, outputs, usage and listings are given, along with examples of how these routines can be used

Bert Hardy: Exercises with Photography and Film

The two short films and essay published here come out of a collaborative research project on the aesthetic and historical qualities of Bert Hardy’s wartime and post-war photography for Picture Post. Developing the methodologies being explored in the field of videographic criticism, we use moving images to produce a visual exploration of the material and formal qualities of Bert Hardy’s photographs in the 1940s. Digital moving images and sound, we suggest, expand our potential understanding and analysis of Hardy’s work, in ways in which traditional written modes of criticism cannot. We use the poetic and expressive possibilities of our medium to highlight and examine those material qualities, along with the historical atmosphere of post-war visual media. The two films each explore a particular Hardy photo-story: Fire-Fighters! focuses on the themes of grain in the printed image, the facial close-up as an affective form of national expression, narrative sequence, and the move in the story from figuration to abstraction. The second film, Life in the Elephant develops the concept of narrative and photographic sequence and facial/emotional expression. It also considers the ways in which the photo-story expresses a sense of historical place. The accompanying article develops the historical contexts for the two photo-stories, the theoretical ideas motivating the project, and the technical processes and collaborative partnerships involved in making the films

“Red Taffeta Under Tweed”: the color of post-war clothes

In the years following the end of the Second World War and the passing of the 1948 British Nationality Act, the language of color was gradually and steadily harnessed to ideologies of race and nation, as chromatic hue and skin color became utterly imbricated. The relationship between the colors of clothing and skin are explored first through discussion of the naming and standardization of colors from the 1930s to the 1950s by the British Colour Council before turning to an analysis of the 1959 British Film, Sapphire, and its construction of racial identities through the semantics of hue, dress and appearance. These ideas were disseminated not only through visual culture, but also through the expertise of social scientists and in journalism, popular psychology, and many forms of visual media. Choice of clothing styles and colors was believed to expose innate racial traits and preferences, defining both the restrained, neutral look of the white nation and the sexualized and dangerous excesses of the new black African and Caribbean immigrants

Polar Opposites in Hermann Hesse\u27s Novels

The object of this thesis is to show how Hermann Hesse utilizes polar opposites and to show how the integration of conflicting forces works in the lives of the fictional characters in Demian, Steppenwolf, Narcissus and Goldmund, and The Glass Bead Game. These four novels not only are representative of the progression of the individual, but together, they are a consecutive representation of the artist\u27s own search for a unified self. Influenced by psychologist Carl Jung\u27s theories regarding the process of development, Hesse portrays the protagonists in constant search of the self. Some of the characters attain a state of perfection and oneness while some fail in their attempt; however, all of the characters are made aware of the conflicts within their own individual personalities, and characters in the last of the series, The Glass Bead Game, are made aware that the individual conflicts are carried over into conflicting problems of society. The most profound conflicts in the novels are conflicts between the spiritual world and the physical world, conflicts between fantasy and reality, and the conflicts between art and life. In the first novel of the series, Demian, the personality of the main character is split into separate selves as the search for self begins. The protagonist, Emil Sinclair, begins his search in a state of innocence, experiences the birth of adulthood through rejection of his father\u27s world and total commitment to the mother world (the world of the physical). Through his battle with death, the conflicts take on universal significance; all dualism is resolved, and his personality becomes integrated. Steppenwolf, on the other hand, begins with the main character, Harry Haller, already aware of the conflicts between his spirit and nature which he calls man and wolf. At the outset, Harry Haller has already been awakened to his sexuality; he only remembers his state of innocence. Throughout this novel, he is constantly aware of his potentiality for a unified personality. In Narcissus and Goldmund, the selves are still divided; one self (Goldmund), recognizes the importance of integration, while the other (Narcissus), does not. The final novel in the series, The Glass Bead Game, shows that the spiritual self, too, recognizes and accepts integration of all aspects of life. The protagonist, Joseph Knecht, depicts, not only the integrated individual, but also the ultimately developed collective man, and he represents the potentiality for a new humanity. Using polar opposites, spirit and nature, intellect and the senses, fantasy and reality, and art and life, Hermann Hesse explores the three separate levels of existence: innocence, knowledge of good and evil, and the highest state of all, the unity of being, wherein there exists a perfect oneness between a specific life and all other life. This thesis traces the process of the search for self as it is artistically represented in Demian, Steppenwolf, Narcissus and Goldmund, and The Glass Bead Game

Peter Nead\u27s 1823-1824 diary edited by Glenna Lambert Blackburn, 1950

Edited transcript of traveling minister Peter Nead\u27s diary arranged in booklet form. Edited with a preface by Glenna Lambert Blackburn. Compliments of Russell R. Lambert and Glenna. Includes tipped in letter and provenance note from Rev. Reuel B. Pritchett. Includes maps, Virginia and West Virginia Counties Where Peter Nead Preached 1823-24, Peter Nead\u27s Journey July to December 16, 1823 and Peter Nead\u27s Journey April to August 5, 1824. Also includes a Calendar for the text

Poly-L-Ornithine-Mediated Transfection of Human Keratinocytes

Human keratinocytes are notoriously difficult to transfect. We have optimized a method for introducing plasmid DNA into keratinocytes that pairs the polycation poly-L-ornithine with a dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) shock. The optimum poly-L-ornithine conditions for keratinocyte transfection entailed incubating the cells with 12 μg.ml poly-L-ornithine and 10 μg DNA for 6 h, followed by a 4-min 25% DMSO shock. Based on kinetic studies, 1 h is enough time to produce 10% positive cells in transient transfections, which increases up to an average of 20% after 6 h. Transfected cells survive passaging, and marker plasmids and selection can be used to yield stable transfectants at a rate twofold higher than in cells transfected with polybrene and DMSO. Transient transfection rates were significantly higher using poly-L-ornithine/DMSO than with the polybrene/DMSO or polybrete/glycerol methods previously reported. Overall, transfection mediated by poly-L-ornithine provides an efficient and inexpensive means of transiently or stably introducing DNA into keratinocytes