The influence of a specific high intensity circuit training during physical education classes in children’s physical activity and body composition markers

Physical activity plays a paramount role on children growth and schools emerged as a key setting for pro- moting physical activity during childhood. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of a high intensi- ty circuit training performed during regular physical education classes at schools. One hundred and five children aged 11–14 years (71 boys and 34 girls) were evaluated. The participants were split into a control group (boys: N = 47; girls: N = 16) and an experimental group (boys: N = 24; girls: N = 18). Besides the normal physical education classes, the experimental group also performed a high intensity circuit training for eight weeks, twice a week, at the beginning of the lesson. A pre- post-test was performed. Cardiorespiratory (20 m shuttle run test ) and a set of strength variables were evaluated. Percentage of fat mass was used as a somatic indicator. The 20 m shuttle run test presented a significant time effect, but not a time X sex, time X group, and time X weight status interactions. Conversely, the strength variables presented a significant time X group interaction (significant differences between groups). Percentage of fat mass presented a significant time effect, but not a significant time X group interaction. Data showed that adding a high intensity circuit training to physical education classes would result in a significant increase in muscular fitness performance in children, but cardiorespiratory fitness may not present the same magnitude of improvement. High in- tensity circuit training programs (performed during regular physical education classes at schools) seem to present a positive and significant effect in physical fitness parameters as well as reducing the percentage of fat mass.This work is supported by national funds (FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) under the project UIDB/DTP/04045/2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Anthropometric characterization and muscle strength parameters in young female swimmers at national level: The relationship with performance in the 50m freestyle

The aim of this study was to characterize and compare the anthropometric characteristics and the explosive muscular strength of the upper and lower limbs in swimmers at the U-16 and U-15 level. In addition, the relationship between anthropometric characteristics, strength variables and performance in the 50 m freestyle was verified. All participants were analysed, regarding their anthropometric characteristics, their explosive muscle strength, and their performance in the 50 m freestyle swim. A total of 92 female swimmers (mean ± standard deviation: 14.08 ± 0.56 years old) participated in the study. The results showed that sub-16 swimmers had higher body mass values compared to sub-15 swimmers (p < .01). In addition, statistically significant differences were also found for upper limb strength indicators (p < .05). Finally, although no differences were found for performance in the 50 m freestyle test between the groups analysed, it was found that swimmers swam with different biomechanical patterns. It was concluded that although there were significant differences for the anthropometric indicators and explosive strength variables, the performance in the 50 m freestyle did not show any statistically significant variations, however the two groups of swimmers, swam with different biomechanical patterns.This work is supported by national funding through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under project UID04045/2020

Pilomatrixoma Recurring As Giant Form

Pilomatrixoma is a benign skin tumor that originates from the hair matrix. It usually appears in children and young adults and is preferably in the head and neck region. It clinically presents as an asymptomatic firm, solitary subcutaneous mass of less than 3 cm. When located in the preauricular area, it is often misdiagnosed as benign or malignant parotids, skin tumors, or sebaceous cysts. Its treatment of choice is surgery, and recurrence is due to incomplete excision. We present a case of a male referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of recurrent pilomatrixoma in its giant form. The lesion was fully excised with no signs of recurrence and no functional impairment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The influence of a specific high intensity circuit training during physical education classes in children’s physical activity and body composition markers

Physical activity plays a paramount role on children growth and schools emerged as a key setting for promoting physical activity during childhood. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of a high intensity circuit training performed during regular physical education classes at schools. One hundred and five children aged 11–14 years (71 boys and 34 girls) were evaluated. The participants were split into a control group (boys: N = 47; girls: N = 16) and an experimental group (boys: N = 24; girls: N = 18). Besides the normal physical education classes, the experimental group also performed a high intensity circuit training for eight weeks, twice a week, at the beginning of the lesson. A pre- post-test was performed. Cardiorespiratory (20 m shuttle run test ) and a set of strength variables were evaluated. Percentage of fat mass was used as a somatic indicator. The 20 m shuttle run test presented a significant time effect, but not a time X sex, time X group, and time X weight status interactions. Conversely, the strength variables presented a significant time X group interaction (significant differences between groups). Percentage of fat mass presented a significant time effect, but not a significant time X group interaction. Data showed that adding a high intensity circuit training to physical education classes would result in a significant increase in muscular fitness performance in children, but cardiorespiratory fitness may not present the same magnitude of improvement. High intensity circuit training programs (performed during regular physical education classes at schools) seem to present a positive and significant effect in physical fitness parameters as well as reducing the percentage of fat mass.This work is supported by national funds (FCT - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) under the project UIDB/DTP/04045/2020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Efficiency and applicability of project-based learning in accounting studies

This work studied the application of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) methodology to accounting degree in a Higher Education Institution. Considering that PBL provide students with realistic environments and challenges and exposes them to real-world based problems that improve their skills and knowledge in accounting and similar issues. The objective of this study is to measure the effectiveness and applicability of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) method in the Accounting degree at Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, and also highlights the effects on research, questioning, teamwork, problem solving and reallife application of accounting skills, as well as their perception of these skills and the overall satisfaction. The results show that PBL methodology positively enhances students’ capabilities in accounting, while providing them with the opportunity to experience realistic and relevant situations, challenges and problems, albeit with minor hurdles during the completion of the project such as time constraints and workload.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Las clases de natación en el contexto escolar durante un período de doce semanas mejoran las habilidades acuáticas y la coordinación motora en niños brasileños

This study aimed to verify the effects of 12 weeks of swimming lessons implemented in age school Brazilian children’s aquatic skills and motor coordination. Fifty children aged 6 to 10 years old (mean ± SD: 8.34 ± 1.10 years), participated in one swimming lesson per week provided by the school curriculum. Each child was evaluated for their aquatic skills (17 skills checklist) and motor coordination (Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder test–KTK) before and after the swimming program. This study showed significant improvements in the sum of scores obtained in swimming skills evaluation (31.40 ± 12.89 vs. 46.90 ± 10.73 points, p < .01, d = 3.38). Large effects were found in water orientation and adjustment at the vertical position, breath control, horizontal buoyancy, body position at ventral, dorsal gliding and at longitudinal rotation, front and back somersaults, leg kicking with breath control, feet-first/head-first entries, autonomy in a deep pool and vertical buoyancy and immersion at deep water. The sum of scores in motor coordination assessment increased from 140.64 ± 41.94 to 175.20 ± 41.39 points (p < .01, d = 1.56). These results showed that 12 weeks of swimming practices, even conditioned by state school context (i.e., once a week), allowed Brazilian children aged 6-10 years old to increase aquatic skills and motor coordination.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo verificar los efectos de las clases de natación durante un período de 12 semanas en las habilidades acuáticas y la coordinación motora en niños brasileños. Cincuenta niños entre los 6 y los 10 años de edad (media ± DE: 8.34 ± 1.10 años) participaron una vez por semana en una clase de natación ofrecida por el plan de estudios escolar. Cada niño fue evaluado en cuanto a sus habilidades acuáticas (lista de verificación de 17 habilidades) y coordinación motora (Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder test - KTK) antes y después del programa de natación. Los resultados del estudio mostraron mejoras significativas en la suma de las puntuaciones obtenidas en la evaluación de las habilidades de natación (31.40 ± 12.89 frente a 46.90 ± 10.73 puntos, p < .01, d = 3.38). Se observaran efectos importantes en la orientación y el ajuste del agua en la posición vertical, en el control de la respiración, en la flotabilidad horizontal, en la posición del cuerpo en la posición ventral, en el deslizamiento dorsal y la rotación longitudinal, en los saltos mortales hacia adelante y hacia atrás, en los empujes con las piernas con control de la respiración, pies primero / cabeza primero entradas, en la autonomía en piscina profunda y flotabilidad vertical y inmersión en aguas profundas. La suma de las puntuaciones en la evaluación de la coordinación motora aumentó de 140.64 ± 41.94 a 175.20 ± 41.39 puntos (p < .01, d = 1.56). Estos resultados mostraron que 12 semanas de prácticas de natación, incluso condicionadas por el contexto de la escuela estatal (es decir, una vez por semana), permitieron a los niños brasileños de 6 a 10 años aumentar de forma significativa la preparación acuática y la coordinación motora.This work is supported by national funding through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project UIDB/04045/2020. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of SINTEGO, Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Goiás and Secretaria Municipal de Educação da Cidade de Itumbiara-GO.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Composição bromatológica de silagens de híbridos de sorgo cultivados em diferentes densidades de plantas.

Avaliou-se a composição bromatológica das silagens de dois híbridos de sorgo, AG-2005 (duplo propósito) e VOLUMAX (forrageiro), cultivados nos espaçamentos de 0,50; 0,75 e 1,00 m, resultando nas densidades de 140.000; 186.666 e 280.000 plantas por ha, respectivamente. A silagem do híbrido AG-2005 apresentou matéria seca (MS) superior no espaçamento de 1,00 m e foi mais elevada ao da silagem de VOLUMAX em todos os espaçamentos. A proteína bruta (PB) elevou-se com a redução dos espaçamentos (6,6; 6,8 e 8%, respectivamente), com maior valor médio no AG-2005 (7,7 vs 6,5%). A fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foi menor no AG-2005 (59,25 vs 62,3%) e no espaçamento 0,75 m. Para fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) ocorreu diferença entre os dois híbridos no espaçamento 0,5 m, sendo de 33,5 e 39,3 %, respectivamente, para o AG-2005 e VOLUMAX. O EE apresentou diferença significativa (P < 0,05) entre os dois híbridos no espaçamento 0,75 m, sendo maior no AG-2005 (2,05 vs 1,61%). Conclui-se que o híbrido AG-2005 é mais recomendado para ensilagem, pois a sua silagem apresenta características qualitativas melhores que do VOLUMAX. O espaçamento de 0,5 m é o mais indicado no plantio dos híbridos, pois melhora a composição química das silagens. Chemical composition of silage sorghum hybrids grown at different densities. AbstractT - The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the nutritive value of silages from two sorghum hybrids, AG-2005 (double purpose) and VOLUMAX (forage) cultivated with different row spacings (0.50 m; 0.75 m and 1.00 m), resulting in 140,000; 186,666 e 280,000 plants per ha, respectively. Dry matter content of AG-2005 silage was higher for 1 m row spacing, and was higher than for VOLUMAX silage in all row spacings. Crude protein increased as the row spacing was reduced (6.6; 6.8 and 8%, respectively), with higher average value for AG-2005 (7.7 vs 6.5%). Neutral detergent fiber was lower for AG-2005 (59.25 vs 62.3%) and for .75 m spacing. Acid detergent fiber differed between hybrids in .5 m row spacing, being 33.5 and 39.3%, respectively, for AG-2005 and VOLUMAX. Ether extract was significantly different between hybrids in .5 m row spacing, being higher for AG-2005 (2.05 vs 1.61%). The use of AG-2005 is recommended for silage production due to its better qualitative characteristics than the VOLUMAX. The .5 m row spacing is recommended for both hybrids, since it improves the chemical composition of the silages

Different meanings for cummingtonite-hornblende association in plutonic rocks (Iberian Massif, Portugal)

Cummingtonite-grunerite series is frequently related with metamorphism or volcanic environments but rarely described as belonging to a plutonic assemblage [1]. Recently, in Iberian Massif (Portugal), there have been several references [2,3,4,5] of this Fe-Mg amphibole intimately associated with Ca amphiboles (mainly hornblende) on plutonic rocks. Different textural relations between two amphibole types have been argued to for a primary (igneous) or subsolidus metamorphic origin for Fe-Mg amphibole. Cummingtonite-grunerite (Cum, hereafter all abbreviation from [6]) from gabbros and diorites Carrascal Massif (Central Iberian Zone) occurs as tiny exsolution lamellae within a dominant hornblende (Hbl) crystal. Their textural occurrence agrees with the subsolidus growth of the Fe-Mg amphibole reflecting the equation Hbl+ Qtz= Cum + An + H2O [7]. Nevertheless, on Hospitais tonalite (Ossa-Morena Zone) Cum occur as euhedral to subhedral cores usually mantled by Hbl. Although seldom described in literature, Cum on Hospitais tonalite was interpreted as an igneous crystallizing early phase. As a consequence of the high water content of calc-alkaline magmas, the Fe-Mg amphibole should reflect the equation Opx+H2O = Cum+Mag+SiO2+H2 [8]. The similarity between Mg # on Cum and Hbl from tonalitic rocks suggests an equilibrium crystallizing assemblage as pointed by Wones and Gilbert [9] for a hypabyssal igneous suite. Considering that the Cum spectrum analyses from both occurrences exhibited a clear overlap; Carrascal gabbro-dorites (Mg#: 0.49-0.64; Al2O3: 0.7-2.37%; TiO2: 0.01-0.37%) and Hospitais tonalite (Mg#: 0.43-0.53; Al2O3: 1.22-2.44 %; TiO2; 0.05-0.27%), textural relations should be the main (only?) tool to decipher between igneous vs metamorphic growth. More detailed petrographic studies on plutonic rocks from Iberian Massif are needed to ascertain the petrogenetic significance of the association Cum-Hbl