Immune mechanisms of atopic dermatitis and new approaches to targeted biological therapy

This review presents current data on immunopathogenesis, the role of cytokines in inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD). The pathogenetic phenotypes of the disease associated with various abnormalities of immune mechanisms and dysfunction of the epidermal barrier are considered. The inflammatory processes in atopic dermatitis were shown to be implemented mainly through Th2-lymphocytes and IL-4 and IL-13 produced by these cells, which play a key role in the allergic cascade. It is the effects of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines that determine the main pathophysiological mechanisms, such as decreased expression of epidermal barrier proteins and suppression of terminal differentiation of keratinocytes, microbiota disturbances, tissue remodelling, immunoglobulin isotype switching by B-lymphocytes and IgE synthesis, degranulation of mast cells and basophils, trafficking of inflammatory cells into tissues, itching. Moderate and severe forms of AD require administration of systemic therapy, which has been represented until recently by non-selective immunosuppressive drugs with moderate efficacy and pronounced side effects if they are used for a long time. Modern targeted therapy of atopic dermatitis provides for the use of monoclonal antibodies against both pro-inflammatory cytokines and their receptors. Directional action on the key mechanisms and targets of immune inflammation can minimize possible side effects of immunosuppressive therapy. Clinical trials on the efficacy and safety of IL-4 and IL-13 inhibitors in the treatment of atopic dermatitis are described. © 2022, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved

Att se mönster i prickar - en föga användbar förmåga? : Intervju- och enkätstudier om logisk-analytisk särbegåvning i Sverige

Logiskt-analytiskt särbegåvade vuxna svenskar undersöktes genom två delstudier, explorativa intervjuer (n=9) och en enkät (n=302), med syfte att öka förståelsen kring hur denna grupp ser på sin begåvning, sina relationer och bemötandet från omvärlden. Skillnaderna inom gruppen var stor, men gemensamma drag var otålighet och ett ifrågasättande av regler och normer. Majoriteten känner sig annorlunda, men för de flesta innebär detta inte något utanförskap som vuxen. Nästan enhälligt påtalar respondenterna hur illa den svenska skolan har mött deras behov, vissa har gått genom skolan utan att vara lärande. Få reflekterar över sig själva i termer av begåvning. Intelligens ses som medfött, men det påtalas att ansträngning behövs för att utvecklas. Gruppens känsla av sammanhang är signifikant lägre än för en svensk allmänbefolkning. Bättre stöd och mer förståelse för särbegåvningen kan leda till att denna i högre grad utvecklas och, för vissa, ge ökad livskvalitet

Physiomechanical characteristics of steel U1OA produced by different methods

26.00; Translated from Russian (Stal' 1987 (2) p. 86-90)SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI--25925)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Russian multicenter study of fixed combination of diclofenac and orphenadrine its efficacy and tolerance of in acute non-specific pain and radiculopathy relief

The article presents the result NEODOLEX study. It was Russian multicenter statistical efficacy and tolerability observation of Neodolpasse which is a fixed combination of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofennac (75 mg) and the muscle relaxant orphenadrine (30 mg) for acute nonspecific back pain and radiculopathy treatment. The study has showed Neodolpasse infusions lead to the fast (after 24 hours) and significant pain regression (more than 50%) in 94% of patients. Depending on the frequency of Neodolpasse use, additional application of other analgesics was required in 21—35% of patients with acute nonspecific back pain and 11—17% of patients with radiculopathy. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved

Study of the physical and aerodynamic characteristics of the iron ore part of the blast furnace charge with the use of local sintered masses of pellets

26.00; Translated from Russian (Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall. 1987 (6) p. 6-9)Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:9022.06(BISI-Trans--26158)T / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

Plasma confinement during ECR heating with a volume power density of 3 mW/m3 at the L-2M stellarator

The experiments on ECR plasma heating were carried out at the L-2M stellarator at very high volume power density (up to 3.0 MW/m3). Under these conditions, non-monotonous hollow density profiles were measured. At the maximum heating power of P = 0.75 MW, the concavity in the axial region becomes drastic ne(0)/ne max = 0.5. In these experiments, plasma temperature profiles measured in the axial plasma region r/ap < 0.4 occur to be rather flat. We have also measured two-slope SXR spectra in the range from 2 to 12 keV. The possible reasons for these observed phenomena were discussed. However, with growing ECRH power up to PECRH = 0.75 MW, we have not observed dramatic deterioration of plasma confinement at the L-2M stellarator. The measured energy lifetime is generally consistent with that determined from the international LHD scaling. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Plasma confinement during ECR heating with a volume power density of 3 mW/m3 at the L-2M stellarator

The experiments on ECR plasma heating were carried out at the L-2M stellarator at very high volume power density (up to 3.0 MW/m3). Under these conditions, non-monotonous hollow density profiles were measured. At the maximum heating power of P = 0.75 MW, the concavity in the axial region becomes drastic ne(0)/ne max = 0.5. In these experiments, plasma temperature profiles measured in the axial plasma region r/ap < 0.4 occur to be rather flat. We have also measured two-slope SXR spectra in the range from 2 to 12 keV. The possible reasons for these observed phenomena were discussed. However, with growing ECRH power up to PECRH = 0.75 MW, we have not observed dramatic deterioration of plasma confinement at the L-2M stellarator. The measured energy lifetime is generally consistent with that determined from the international LHD scaling. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Status of child population health — the future of the country (part 1)

The article of the team of scientists of pediatricians and organizers of pediatric health care of Ukraine is devoted to the study of the main trends in the health status of children over last 22 years. The results of the analysis of the incidence and prevalence of diseases among Ukrainian child population, infant mortality rates over the past two decades demonstrates that they remain significantly higher than the average European indicators against the background of a progressive decrease in the number of child population at 3,16 million people. The prevalence of childhood diseases in Ukraine over past 22 years has grown by 41 %, the incidence of childhood diseases arose by 36 %. The article considers the ways of solving a number of new social and medico-ecological problems that negatively affect child health