The Dipole Anisotropy of the 2mass Redshift Survey

We estimate the flux weighted acceleration on the Local Group (LG) from the near-infrared Two Micron All Sky Redshift Survey (2MRS). The near-infrared flux weighted dipoles are very robust because they closely approximate a mass weighted dipole, bypassing the effects of redshift distortions and require no preferred reference frame. We use this method with the redshift information to determine the change in dipole with distance. The LG dipole seemingly converges by 60 Mpc/h. Assuming convergence, the comparison of the 2MRS flux dipole and the CMB dipole provides a value for the combination of the mass density and luminosity bias parameters Omega_m^0.6/b_L= 0.40+/-0.09.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Contribution to Rencontres de Moriond: Contents and Structures of the Universe, March 18-25, 2006, La Thuil

Evidence for universal structure in galactic halos

The late infall of dark matter onto a galaxy produces structure (such as caustics) in the distribution of dark matter in the halo. We argue that such structure is likely to occur generically on length scales proportional to $l \sim t_0 v_{rot}$, where $t_0$ is the age of the universe and $v_{rot}$ is the rotation velocity of the galaxy. A set of 32 extended galactic rotation curves is analyzed. For each curve, the radial coordinate is rescaled according to $r\to \tilde r \equiv r (v_0 / v_{rot})$, where we choose $v_0 = 220 km/s$. A linear fit to each rescaled rotation curve is subtracted, and the residuals are binned and averaged. The sample shows significant features near $\tilde r = 40 kpc$ and $\tilde r = 20 kpc$. This is consistent with the predictions of the self-similar caustic ring model of galactic halos.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX, 1 epsf figur

Reconstructed Density and Velocity Fields from the 2MASS Redshift Survey

We present the reconstructed real-space density and the predicted velocity fields from the Two Mass Redshift Survey (2MRS). The 2MRS is the densest all-sky redshift survey to date and includes about 23,200 galaxies with extinction corrected magnitudes brighter than K = 11.25. Our method is based on the expansion of these fields in Fourier-Bessel functions. Within this framework, the linear redshift distortions only affect the density field in the radial direction and can easily be deconvolved using a distortion matrix. Moreover, in this coordinate system, the velocity field is related to the density field by a simple linear transformation. The shot noise errors in the reconstructions are suppressed by means of a Wiener filter which yields a minimum variance estimate of the density and velocity fields. Using the reconstructed real-space density fields, we identify all major superclusters and voids. At 50 Mpc/h, our reconstructed velocity field indicates a back-side infall to the Great Attractor region of vi = (491 +/- 200)(beta/0.5) km/sec in the Local Group frame and v = (64 +/- 205)(beta/0.5) km/sec in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) frame and beta is the redshift distortion parameter. The direction of the reconstructed dipole agrees well with the dipole derived by Erdogdu et al. (2006). The misalignment between the reconstructed 2MRS and the CMB dipoles drops to 13 degrees at around 5000 km/sec but then increases at larger distances. A version of this paper with high resolution figures can be obtained from http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~ppzzpeComment: 21 pages. 22 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. The figures are coarsely resolved, a version of this paper with high resolution figures can be obtained from http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/~ppzzp

Mass-to-light ratio gradients in early-type galaxy haloes

Since the near future should see a rapidly expanding set of probes of the halo masses of individual early-type galaxies, we introduce a convenient parameter for characterising the halo masses from both observational and theoretical results: \dML, the logarithmic radial gradient of the mass-to-light ratio. Using halo density profiles from LCDM simulations, we derive predictions for this gradient for various galaxy luminosities and star formation efficiencies $\epsilon_{SF}$. As a pilot study, we assemble the available \dML\ data from kinematics in early-type galaxies - representing the first unbiassed study of halo masses in a wide range of early-type galaxy luminosities - and find a correlation between luminosity and \dML, such that the brightest galaxies appear the most dark-matter dominated. We find that the gradients in most of the brightest galaxies may fit in well with the LCDM predictions, but that there is also a population of fainter galaxies whose gradients are so low as to imply an unreasonably high star formation efficiency $\epsilon_{SF} > 1$. This difficulty is eased if dark haloes are not assumed to have the standard LCDM profiles, but lower central concentrations.Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication on MNRA

Global guidelines trends and controversies in lower limb venous and lymphatic disease Narrative literature revision and experts' opinions following the vWINter international meeting in Phlebology, Lymphology & Aesthetics, 23-25 January 2019

Guidelines are fundamental in addressing everyday clinical indications and in reporting the current evidence-based data of related scientific investigations. At the same time, a spatial and temporal issue can limit their value. Indeed, variability in the recommendations can be found both among the same nation different scientific societies and among different nations/continents. On the other side, Garcia already published in 2014 data showing how, after three years in average, one out of five recommendations gets outdated (Martinez Garcia LM, Sanabria AJ, Garcia Alvarez E, et al. The validity of recommendations from clinical guidelines: a survival analysis. CMAJ 2014;186(16):1211–1219). The present document reports a narrative literature revision on the major international recommendations in lower limb venous and lymphatic disease management, focusing on the different countries’ guidelines, trends and controversies from all the continents, while identifying new evidence-based data potentially influencing future guidelines. World renowned experts’ opinions are also provided. The document has been written following the recorded round tables scientific discussions held at the vWINter international meeting (22–26 January 2019; Cortina d’Ampezzo, Italy) and the pre- and post-meeting literature search performed by the leading experts

Global guidelines trends and controversies in lower limb venous and lymphatic disease: Narrative literature revision and experts\u27 opinions following the vWINter international meeting in Phlebology, Lymphology & Aesthetics, 23-25 January 2019.

Guidelines are fundamental in addressing everyday clinical indications and in reporting the current evidence-based data of related scientific investigations. At the same time, a spatial and temporal issue can limit their value. Indeed, variability in the recommendations can be found both among the same nation different scientific societies and among different nations/continents. On the other side, Garcia already published in 2014 data showing how, after three years in average, one out of five recommendations gets outdated (Martinez Garcia LM, Sanabria AJ, Garcia Alvarez E, et al. The validity of recommendations from clinical guidelines: a survival analysis. CMAJ 2014;186(16):1211-1219). The present document reports a narrative literature revision on the major international recommendations in lower limb venous and lymphatic disease management, focusing on the different countries' guidelines, trends and controversies from all the continents, while identifying new evidence-based data potentially influencing future guidelines. World renowned experts' opinions are also provided. The document has been written following the recorded round tables scientific discussions held at the vWINter international meeting (22-26 January 2019; Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy) and the pre- and post-meeting literature search performed by the leading experts