Corporate Social Responsibility in Islamic and Conventional View: A Theoretical Approach

This article is a literature study on CSR in conventional and Islamic banks, which is the result of research in the field of strategic management. CSR is not a foreign subject for the organization, it is not only related to the law but more than that it is part of the company’s ethics in operation. Islamic banking and conventional banking is inseparable from morals and ethics whose activities relate to the public. CSR has become important for Islamic and conventional banking, but in reality, these two banks differ both in philosophy and in operation. Islamic banking is more emphasis on social orientation without neglecting profit, a banking system that is run based on sharia law to prosper society and reach Falah. While conventional banks are more profit-oriented, CSR in conventional banking emphasizes improving financial performance. Theoretically, CSR in Western concepts can be applied in Islamic organizations, but the content remains different.     Keywords: CSR, Islamic Banking, Conventional banking, Syaria

STUDI PERENCANAAN SISTIM PENGATURAN SUHU UDARA KAMAR MESIN BERBASIS KOMPUTER - (ENGINE ROOM THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEM)

KM Cakalang merupakan kapal Fery Ro – Ro milik Dinas Perhubungan Pemerintah Provinsi Maluku, memiliki spesifikasi ukuran kamar mesin 10 x 12 m2 dan memiliki beberapa peralatan sebagai sumber tenaga yang dapat menghasilkan panas, salah satunya adalah main engine, yang memiliki peluang untuk merubah suhu kamar mesin secara linear. Sebagai sistim exhauster untuk pengkondisian udara pada kamar mesin tersebut, KM Cakalang menggunakan 2 buah fan type reversible and axial flow dengan daya masing – masing sebesar 2.2 KW dengan sistim starter manual (hand start). Untuk dapat mengoptimalkan kinerja sistim exhauster ini secara otomatis berdasarkan tingkat perubahan suhu, maka sensor thermal dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi tingkat perubahan suhu dengan led digunakan sebagai indikator serta komputer digunakan sebagai sistim visualisasi serta relay dapat digunakan sebagai pengendali switch sistim exhauster berdasarkan aksi pengontrolan terhadap batas suhu yang diijinkan (max 350C). Visualisasi komputer terhadap aksi pengontrolan suhu udara pada kamar mesin, dapat dihubungkan melalui melalui tegangan keluaran pembanding (op amp) atau melalui blok indikator pada masing – masing led yang dirangkai secara parallel dengan Parallel Port komputer. Untuk dapat membaca kerja sistim pengaturan suhu kamar mesin pada sistim komputer, maka digunakan pemograman Delphi 6.0 berbasis windows, sebagai interfacing antara user dengan computer, dimana program yang dibuat digunakan untuk membaca perubahan temperature suhu ruangan berdasarkan siklus waktu dan membaca perubahan temperature yang disimulasikan dalam bentuk bargraph dan graphline

REFORM THE AUTHORITY OF MILITARY POLICE INVESTIGATION ON COMMON TYPES OF CRIMINAL ACTIONS IN INDONESIA

Renewal of the investigative powers of the military police must be seen as part of efforts to renew or develop the national legal system. Renewal of the military criminal law system should include integral (systematic) renewal, namely changes in the entire sub-system which includes aspects of legal substance, and culture. The renewal of the authority of military police investigators regarding general crimes committed by members of the military in Indonesia is by revising the provisions of Article 3 paragraph (4) letter a MPR Decree Number VII/MPR/2000 and Article 65 paragraph (2) of Law no.34 year 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Armed Forces

HUBUNGAN SIKAP IBU TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN SEKS DENGAN PEMBERIAN INFORMASI TENTANG SEKSUALITAS PADA PRA REMAJA PUTRI USIA 10-12 TAHUN

Parents are seen as role model and important figures in family whom responsible to teach and facilitate a suitable education model for their children. Children need many information and knowledge that would help them to solve all problems the face in their life. Pre adolescence children, especially young teenage girl in this case would need an appropriate sex education to help help them pass through their problems and social interaction life. This information was best given to them by mothers since children would felt safer with same sex beside this also could give other diversion about sexuality values adopted in society. Aside from it, there also a condition that many mothers felt that sex education was taboo and it was also caused by little information and knowledge those mothers had. At this point, mother’s perception and parent’s personal feeling have constructed a negative set of mind towards sex educationFrom this phenomenon, this research was conducted to analyze the correlation between mother’s attitude towards sex education with information given and taught by them for young teenage girl between the age 10-12 years old. The datas gathered for this research were taken from sample of young teenage girls’ mothers living at community housing complex in Tasikmalaya. The methods used in this research is correlational model which was used to analyze variables that caused the phenomenon and also try to find out the relationship between one variabel with another.In this case study, we have made a specific assumptions to formulize a hypothese which then were tested to acquire a valid and reliable data from raw data using Spearman Rank’s statistical analysis since both variables were ordinal and have a significancy level of 5 percent. Statistic analysis conducted in this research then resulted in correlation coefficient of 0,424 with an error margin of 0,003—which means that the hypothese is accepted. A brief conclusion that can be taken from this research is that parent’s (mothers) educational background have great influence on their attitude toward sex education—which is—the higher the education those mothers had, the more positive they felt toward sex education

Impulsivity and novel object recognition test of rat model for vascular cognitive impairment after antipsychotics treatment

ABSTRACTVascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a common condition in which no standard treatment has been approved. VCI is often accompanied by behavioral problems which require psychiatric interventions. The common therapeutic agent used for the acute management is antipsychotic injections. Current findings showed that atypical antipsychotic possess better safety profile for treating behavioral problems related to VCI compared to typical antipsychotic. In this study, we induced VCI in Sprague Dawley rats between 6-8 weeks old using bilateral carotid communist artery occlusion technique. The subjects were divided into 4 treatment groups: sham, olanzapine, haloperidol, and risperidone groups. Subjects received intramuscular injections of subsequent drugs for 3 days post VCI induction. Impulsive behavior and object recognition were examined using cliff jumping test and novel object recognition test. The analyses results showed that impulsive behavior was lower in the olanzapine and haloperidol groups compared to sham group, although it was not statistically significant (p = 0.651). The results also showed that there were no significant differences in the time spent exploring old and novel objects in all groups (p = 0.945;0.637 respectively). In conclusion, antipsychotic injection might not be effective to control impulsive behavior post VCI induction

The emerging spectrum of cardiopulmonary pathology of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Report of three autopsies from Houston, Texas and review of autopsy findings from other United States cities

This paper collates the pathological findings from initial published autopsy reports on 23 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from 5 centers in the United States of America, including 3 cases from Houston, Texas. Findings confirm that COVID-19 is a systemic disease with major involvement of the lungs and heart. Acute COVID-19 pneumonia has features of a distinctive acute interstitial pneumonia with a diffuse alveolar damage component, coupled with microvascular involvement with intra- and extravascular fibrin deposition and intravascular trapping of neutrophils, and, frequently, with formation of microthombi in arterioles. Major pulmonary thromboemboli with pulmonary infarcts and/or hemorrhage occurred in 5 of the 23 patients. Two of the Houston cases had interstitial pneumonia with diffuse alveolar damage pattern. One of the Houston cases had multiple bilateral segmental pulmonary thromboemboli with infarcts and hemorrhages coupled with, in nonhemorrhagic areas, a distinctive interstitial lymphocytic pneumonitis with intra-alveolar fibrin deposits and no hyaline membranes, possibly representing a transition form to acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. Multifocal acute injury of cardiac myocytes was frequently observed. Lymphocytic myocarditis was reported in 1 case. In addition to major pulmonary pathology, the 3 Houston cases had evidence of lymphocytic pericarditis, multifocal acute injury of cardiomyocytes without inflammatory cellular infiltrates, depletion of splenic white pulp, focal hepatocellular degeneration and rare glomerular capillary thrombosis. Each had evidence of chronic cardiac disease: hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (420 g heart), dilated cardiomyopathy (1070 g heart), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (670 g heart). All 3 subjects were obese (BMIs of 33.8, 51.65, and 35.2 Kg/m2). Overall, the autopsy findings support the concept that the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 disease involves direct viral-induced injury of multiple organs, including heart and lungs, coupled with the consequences of a procoagulant state with coagulopathy

Improved control strategy of DFIG-based wind turbines using direct torque and direct power control techniques

This paper presents different control strategies for a variable-speed wind energy conversion system (WECS), based on a doubly fed induction generator. Direct Torque Control (DTC) with Space-Vector Modulation is used on the rotor side converter. This control method is known to reduce the fluctuations of the torque and flux at low speeds in contrast to the classical DTC, where the frequency of switching is uncontrollable. The reference for torque is obtained from the maximum power point tracking technique of the wind turbine. For the grid-side converter, a fuzzy direct power control is proposed for the control of the instantaneous active and reactive power. Simulation results of the WECS are presented to compare the performance of the proposed and classical control approaches.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Substantially improved pharmacokinetics of recombinant human butyrylcholinesterase by fusion to human serum albumin

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human butyrylcholinesterase (huBChE) has been shown to be an effective antidote against multiple LD₅₀of organophosphorus compounds. A prerequisite for such use of huBChE is a prolonged circulatory half-life. This study was undertaken to produce recombinant huBChE fused to human serum albumin (hSA) and characterize the fusion protein.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Secretion level of the fusion protein produced <it>in vitro </it>in BHK cells was ~30 mg/liter. Transgenic mice and goats generated with the fusion constructs expressed in their milk a bioactive protein at concentrations of 0.04–1.1 g/liter. BChE activity gel staining and a size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-HPLC revealed that the fusion protein consisted of predominant dimers and some monomers. The protein was confirmed to have expected molecular mass of ~150 kDa by Western blot. The purified fusion protein produced <it>in vitro </it>was injected intravenously into juvenile pigs for pharmacokinetic study. Analysis of a series of blood samples using the Ellman assay revealed a substantial enhancement of the plasma half-life of the fusion protein (~32 h) when compared with a transgenically produced huBChE preparation containing >70% tetramer (~3 h). <it>In vitro </it>nerve agent binding and inhibition experiments indicated that the fusion protein in the milk of transgenic mice had similar inhibition characteristics compared to human plasma BChE against the nerve agents tested.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Both the pharmacokinetic study and the <it>in vitro </it>nerve agent binding and inhibition assay suggested that a fusion protein retaining both properties of huBChE and hSA is produced <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo</it>. The production of the fusion protein in the milk of transgenic goats provided further evidence that sufficient quantities of BChE/hSA can be produced to serve as a cost-effective and reliable source of BChE for prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment.</p

‘NOT A RELIGIOUS STATE’ A study of three Indonesian religious leaders on the relation of state and religion

This article explores the concept of a ‘secular state’ offered by three Indonesian religious leaders: a Catholic priest, Nicolaus Driyarkara (1913–1967), and two Muslim intellectuals who were also state officials, Mukti Ali (1923–2004) and Munawir Sjadzali (1925–2004). All three, who represented the immediate generation after the revolution for Indonesian independence from the Dutch (1945), defended the legitimacy of a secular state for Indonesia based on the state ideology Pancasila (Five Principles of Indonesia). In doing so, they argued that a religious state, for example an Islamic state, is incompatible with a plural nation that has diverse cultures, faiths, and ethnicities. The three also argued that the state should remain neutral about its citizens’ faith and should not be dominated by a single religion, i.e. Islam. Instead, the state is obliged to protect all religions embraced by Indonesians. This argument becomes a vital foundation in the establishment of Indonesia’s trajectory of unique ‘secularisation’. Whilst these three intellectuals opposed the idea of establishing a religious or Islamic state in Indonesia, it was not because they envisioned the decline of the role of religion in politics and the public domain but rather that they regarded religiosity in Indonesia as vital in nation building within a multi-religious society. In particular, the two Muslim leaders used religious legitimacy to sustain the New Order’s political stability, and harnessed state authority to modernise the Indonesian Islamic community

CO-EVOLUTION PATH MODEL (CePM): SUSTAINING ENTERPRISES AS COMPLEX SYSTEMS ON THE EDGE OF CHAOS

The purpose of this study is primarily theoretical—to propose and detail a model for system evolution and show its derivation from the fields of enterprise architecture (EA), cybernetics, and systems theory. Cybernetic thinking is used to develop the coevolution path model (CePM) to explain how enterprises coevolve with their envir-onments. The model reinterprets Ashby’s law of requisite variety, Stafford Beer’s viable system model, and Conant and Ashby’s theorem of the ‘‘good regulator’ ’ to exemplify how various complexity management theories could be synthesized into a cybernetic theory of EA—informingmanagement of mechanisms to maintain harmony Address correspondence to Madjid Tavana, Business Systems and Analytics Department, Lindback Distinguished Chair of Information Systems and Decision Sciences, La Sall