Quality assessment of educational process by teachers and students of technical college

Оценка качества образования (система оценок) зависит от структуры, содержания и характера образовательного процесса, уровня удовлетворенности этим процессом со стороны преподавателей и студентов, так как они выступают не только субъектами этих отношений, но являются объектами управления. Исследование, проведенное в 2012 г. в ПНИПУ, позволило зафиксировать характер отношения преподавателей и студентов к своей роли и месту в образовательном процессе. В исследование приняло участие 452 студента технических специальностей, 122 преподавателя, которые по характеру и содержанию преподаваемых дисциплин отражают специализацию подготовки выборочной совокупности студентов.The assessment of quality of education (system of estimates) depends on structure, the contents and nature of educational process, level of satisfaction with this process from teachers and students as they act not only subjects of these relations, but are objects of management. The research conducted in 2012 in PNIPU, allowed to record character of the relation of teachers and students to the role and a place in educational process. In research 452 students of different specialties, 122 teachers who on character and the content of taught disciplines reflect specialization of preparation of a sample of students took part

Modeling carbon dynamics in two adjacent spruce forests with different soil conditions in Russia

International audienceNet ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) were measured with eddy covariance method for two adjacent forests located at the southern boundary of European taiga in Russia in 1999?2004. The two spruce forests shared similar vegetation composition but differed in soil conditions. The wet spruce forest (WSF) possessed a thick peat layer (60 cm) with a high water table seasonally close to or above the soil surface. The dry spruce forest (DSF) had a relatively thin organic layer (5 cm) with a deep water table (>60 cm). The measured NEE fluxes (2000 and ?1440 kg C ha?1 yr?1 for WSF and DSF, respectively) indicated that WSF was a source while DSF a sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide during the experimental years. A process-based model, Forest-DNDC, was employed in the study to interpret the observations. The modeled NEE fluxes were 1800 and ?2200 kg C ha?1 yr?1 for WSF and DSF, respectively, which were comparable with the observations. The modeled data indicated that WSF and DSF had similar rates of photosynthesis and plant autotrophic respiration but differed in soil heterotrophic respiration. The simulations resulted in a hypothesis that the water table fluctuation at WSF could play a key role in determining the negative C balance in the ecosystem. A sensitivity test was conducted by running Forest-DNDC with varied water table scenarios for WSF. The results proved that the NEE fluxes from WSF were highly sensitive to the water table depth. When the water table dropped, the length of flooding season became shorter and more organic matter in the soil profile suffered from rapid decomposition that converted the ecosystem into a source atmospheric C. The conclusion from this modeling study could be applicable for a wide range of wetland and forest ecosystems that have accumulated soil organic C while face hydrological changes under certain climatic or land-use change scenarios

Editorial: Remembering Natalya Nikolaevna Vygodskaya

As the Guest Editor I want to dedicate this Special Issue in memory of my university professor Natalya Nikolaevna Vygodskaya (Figure 1) [...

Raman spectra observation of silver nanoparticles in porous silicon fabricated by ion implantation

© 2015, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. Porous silicon layers fabricated by the low-energy high-dose Ag+-ion implantation of crystalline silicon with doses from 7.5 × 1016 to 1.5 × 1017 ion/cm2 are studied by Raman spectroscopy. Pores with sizes from ∼100–180 nm formed on irradiated silicon surface are controlled by scanning electron microcopy. Synthesized silver nanoparticles are observed in the structure of porous silicon. The sizes of pour and nanoparticles are increased with an increase in implantation dose. Acoustic vibrations generated by laser irradiation in silver nanoparticles of various sizes are registered by low-temperature Raman spectra of composite material

A diffraction grating created in diamond substrate by boron ion implantation

© 2017, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd.This work is devoted to new method of manufacturing of diffractive optical elements (gratings). A grating was formed in a diamond substrate by implantation with boron ions through a mask. Ion implantation led to the graphitization of diamond in unmasked regions and resulted in swelling of the irradiated layer. The formation of periodic graphitized surface microstructures on the diamond substrate was confirmed by optical, electron, and atomic force microscopy. The efficiency of operation of the obtained diffractive optical element was demonstrated by probing with He–Ne laser radiation