The formation of paroemiology in Russia and Germany

The article ascertains the sources of paroemiology-an independent philological discipline which studies paroemiological units (proverbs, sayings, country lore, riddles, etc.). The question of whether it is lawful to consider paroemiology an independent field of philology became topical due to the fact that many new investigations of proverbs, sayings and set phrases appear. The article contains a review of literature about Russian and German paroemiology and paroemiography. Besides, the authors ground the independence of paroemiological level, define paroemia and describe main approaches to studying paroemiae. © IDOSI Publications, 2014

Ab-initio study of cation-rich InP(001) and GaP(001) surface reconstructions and iodine adsorption

Atomic and electronic structures for a number of InP and GaP (001) surface geometries were studied within the density functional theory (DFT) in order to reexamine the energy stability of surface reconstructions in the cation-rich limit. It is shown that in both cases the mixed dimer (2×4) reconstruction is the energetically favored in the cation rich limit. The ζ(4×2) reconstruction has the lowest surface energy among considered (4×2) surface structures. Comparative theoretical study of iodine adsorption on the semiconductor surface with ζ(4×2) and mixed dimer (2×4) structures was performed. It was shown that iodine prefers to be bonded with dimerized cation atoms irrespective on the surface reconstruction

The 8200 calBP climate event and the spread of the Neolithic in Eastern Europe

At 8200 calBP, the beginning of the Atlantic period, there was a drastic change from warm and humid climatic conditions to cold conditions. The abrupt cooling at 8200 calBP has been documented in different parts of Europe. In western, and some parts of southern, Europe, this event was a trigger for new forms of economy and migrations of groups of Neolithic farmers. This paper considers the different ways in which ceramic traditions developed in eastern Europe in the steppe,steppe-forest and forest zones as a result of the rapid climate changes at about 8200 calBP.V času okoli 8200 calBP, to je na začetku obdobja atlantika, je prišlo do korenite spremembe klime, od toplih in vlažnih pogojev do ohladitev. Nenadna ohladitev v času 8200 calBP je dokumentirana v različnih delih Evrope. V zahodni in v delu južne Evrope je dogodek sprožil nove oblike gospodarstev in preseljevanje skupin neolitskih poljedelcev. V članku razpravljamo o različnih oblikah razvoja keramičnih tradicij na stepskih, gozdno-stepskih in gozdnih območjih v vzhodni Evropi kot posledico te hitre klimatske spremembe v času 8200 calBP

Quality management system's role in operation of retail trade networks

QMS is one of the factors influencing competitiveness of Russian retail companies. Algorithm of complex evaluation is developed to measure retail management efficiency after implementation of the QMS. Approbation of this algorithm was done on factual data on activity of retail companies. Recommendations on how to modify QMS at the companies in question are given. The results of study will allow to improve retail organization and management through changes introduced into processes of managing and managed subsystems

The evaluativity category in the paroemiological system of the German and Russian languages

This paper represents the results of analysis of the lexico-grammar means of explicit expression of the / negative evaluative (attitudinal) meanings in the paroemiological system of the Russian and German languages. The materials of the research contain analysis of the main types of axiological meanings that may be reduced to general evaluative and specific evaluative ones. The structure of the evaluative situation is described that includes such components as subject of evaluation, object of evaluation, predicate of evaluation, basis for evaluation, motive of evaluation, type of evaluation. The characteristic of the cognitive procedure of evaluation is provided. The performed analysis of the Russian and German folk sayings allowed specifying both the variety of similarities in the evaluative fragment of the linguistic world-image of the languages compared and distinguishing some specific features of representation of the evaluative semantics explicated in the language of paroemias. The adjectives good, fruitful, nice, bad, heavy, lean, hungry characterizing the noun year may serve as lexical means of expression of evaluative meaning. In the German paroemias the similar evaluative qualifiers implementing the axiological characteristics of year are recorded: gut 'good', fruchtbar 'fruitful'. It was discovered that the yield acts as the axiological dominant by characterization of the year in general in both languages which is expressed in the high frequency of occurrence of the adjectives fruitful / fruchtbar. There were identified the language patterns that are peculiar exclusively to the Russian paroemiological system: the structure "to + N3" or the 'the dative of prediction' and the structure 'on + N4' or the 'accusative of prediction'. It was found that the use of the lexical means of explication of the negative general evaluative area due to the action of the principle of politeness is rare both in the Russian and German languages

The didactic construct of design technologies in the educational process of modern university

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. The relevance of the problem of arranging the educational process in modern university using design technology remains one of the most demanded in educating the future experts for modern production. Therefore, the objective of this article is to submit a scientific rationale for the didactic construct of design technologies in higher educational process as a productive educational model focused on educating a student's personality - a future professional demanded by today's job market. The paper submits theoretic and methodological foundations for designing and implementing project technologies into the university educational process, the nature and structure of the didactic construct of these technologies as a system category (the learning objectives, syllabus, the means of pedagogical partnership including motivation and teaching tools, arrangement of the educational process, the subjects of the learning process, the results of the activity and the level of professional proficiency). The article submissions may be useful for the teachers of educational institutions in the system of continuing professional education, young scientists, post graduate students, the university counselors, the attendants of the advanced training and retraining courses. It is also recommended for undergraduates and students participating in the research work

ABOUT ANCIENT CERAMIC TRADITIONS OF THE POPULATION OF THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION

Introduction. The territory of the Northern Caspian region plays an important role in the study of the Neolithic of Eastern Europe. The main criterion of this period is clay pottery. One of the difficult issues is the time of the ceramic technology appearance. Methods and materials. The study of the pottery technology of the Neolithic population of the Northern Caspian region is carried out in the framework of the historical and cultural approach to the study of ceramics, according to the method of A. Bobrinsky. The technique is based on binocular microscopy, tracology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. The basis for identifying technological traces on ceramics is the comparative analysis of the vessels under study with the base of standards. It is made by means of physical modeling in field and laboratory conditions. The age of the Neolithic monuments was determined using traditional methods in radiocarbon laboratories in Russia and Ukraine, as well as using AMS at universities in Sweden and Finland. Analysis. Over the past 10 years, more than 68 radiocarbon dates on different materials such as charcoal, bones, organics from ceramics, charred crusts, humus have been obtained. They give the possibility to determine the time of appearance and spread of the earliest pottery in the Northern Caspian region. This is the middle 7th millennium BC. The chronological framework for the development of the Neolithic in the Northern Caspian region is ca. 6600-5500 BC. The paper establishes the main and specific features of ceramic traditions. Results. The technical and technological analysis allows to reveal the genesis, the features of dynamics and further development of pottery in this region. The complex of results obtained allows to attribute the Neolithic sites of the Caspian region to the earliest pottery areal in Eastern Europe.Peer reviewe