Прийом онейричного повістування в романі Дж. М. Кутзее «Waiting for the barbarians»

Дослідження спрямоване на встановлення семантичного та стилістичного потенціалу онейричного повістування в романі Дж. М. Кутзее «Waiting for the Barbarians». Онейричні епізоди розглядаються в роботі як форми психонаративу, який є не лише засобом розкриття внутрішнього світу персонажа, а й слугує певними смисловим кодом, що зумовлює процес розуміння та інтерпретації зазначеного художнього твору. (The study aims at revealing semantic and stylistic potential of dream narrative in J. M. Coetzee’s «Waiting for the Barbarians». Dream narrative is regarded as a form of psychonarration. The latter is viewed from two perspectives: as a special narrative technique applied to portray the personage’s inner world, his/her psychological and emotional state thus rendering the author’s perception of objective reality; and as a verbal presentation of situations and events which describe the character’s inner life. The article suggests an idiogenre approach to the study of psychonarration which puts together two features of a literary text: its genre and the author’s idiostyle. Dream narrative creates the alternative story of the main character’s painful and ambivalent process of personal growth, his desire to disentangle himself from an imperial regime. Dream narrative is manifested by a sequence of fragmentary, non-linear episodes bound via a montage technique. Montage allows the author to link incongruous or even absolutely different notions, events, and characteristics. Being an expressive compositional device, montage highlights essential and important episodes in the plot structure and links real and unreal events. Thus, dream narrative performs two key functions in the novel under analysis: on the one hand, it models the image of the character; on the other hand, it serves as a special code which gives the reader an access to the text semantics as well a directs the program of text understanding and interpretation.

Immune Reconstitution After Gene Therapy Approaches in Patients With X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease

X-linked severe immunodeficiency disease (SCID-X1) is an inherited, rare, and life-threating disease. The genetic origin is a defect in the interleukin 2 receptor γ chain (IL2RG) gene and patients are classically characterized by absence of T and NK cells, as well as presence of partially-functional B cells. Without any treatment the disease is usually lethal during the first year of life. The treatment of choice for these patients is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, with an excellent survival rate (>90%) if an HLA-matched sibling donor is available. However, when alternative donors are used, the success and survival rates are often lower. Gene therapy has been developed as an alternative treatment initially using γ-retroviral vectors to correct the defective γ chain in the absence of pre-conditioning treatment. The results were highly promising in SCID-X1 infants, showing long-term T-cell recovery and clinical benefit, although NK and B cell recovery was less robust. However, some infants developed T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after the gene therapy, due to vector-mediated insertional mutagenesis. Consequently, considerable efforts have been made to develop safer vectors. The most recent clinical trials using lentiviral vectors together with a low-dose pre-conditioning regimen have demonstrated excellent sustained T cell recovery, but also B and NK cells, in both children and adults. This review provides an overview about the different gene therapy approaches used over the last 20 years to treat SCID-X1 patients, particularly focusing on lymphoid immune reconstitution, as well as the developments that have improved the process and outcomes

Culture restrictions as a trigger to the society development : history and modernity

Purpose: The main aim of this paper is to analyze cultural restrictions, taboos and bans inherent in society at any stage of its existence and their role in spiritual and intellectual transformations. Design/Methodology/Approach: For the purpose of investigating and classifying numerous cultural alternations which acted as a trigger to spiritual and intellectual transformations challenging a nation's cognitive potential it seems necessary to fulfill three conditions described in the text. Findings: The authors emphasized the fact that culture consists of several layers: spiritual, intellectual and technical. With the degradation of any of these layers culture suffers. The authors formulated the idea that such restrictions occuring in the society as censorship, for example, are likely to be relevant as long as the society itself exists and more over they present a rather stable element of a society. Practical Implications: The results may be implemented into sociocultural practices for better understanding of some main laws and cornerstones forming cultural foundations. Originality/Value: The main contribution of this study lies in the emphasis of the role of culture, especially its spiritual layer represented by religion, morale, philosophy, literature, art, history, in quite natural and unavoidable technological development and progresses.peer-reviewe

The system of knowledge control as a challenge to distance education

Having signed the Bologna declaration in the fall of 2003, Russian Federation has directed towards unified standards of education. Information technologies are gaining more and more popularity, particularly the systems of distance education (SDE) are of greater interest. It may well be assumed such systems will become an inseparable part of the educational process. With the rise of popularity for distance education there appears the issue for the quality and control of knowledge in such a system of learning. The authors of the article have attempted to summarize the existing experience in Baikal International Business School in terms of goals, functions and challenges of the system of knowledge control in the SDE of BIBS HecademОсенью 2003 года, подписав Болонскую декларацию, Российская Федерация вступила на путь унификации стандартов образования. Информационные технологии набирают растущую популярность, в частности системы дистанционного обучения представляют наибольший интерес. С большой долей вероятности можно предположить, что такие системы станут неотъемлемой частью образовательного процесса. С постоянно растущей популярностью дистанционного образования возникает вопрос качества и контроля знаний в такой системе обучения. Авторы статьи предприняли попытку описать существующий опыт Байкальской Международной Бизнес Школы и представляют цели, функции и проблемы системы контроля знаниями в системе дистанционного обучения БМБШ Гекаде

Gramm-software package for molecular dynamics on graphical processing units

© 2010, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. This work describes the software package and algorithms for molecular dynamics using NVIDEA GPU G80, G84, and G92. All potentials needed for MM2 and AMBER force fields are implemented and the combination of different potentials is allowed. The performance comparison of different MD algorithms on GPU and CPU is presented. All software is available from www.gpamm.mntech.ru

Poly[di-μ2-aqua-μ5-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl­ato)-μ3-(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl­ato)-cobalt(II)disodium]

In the title compound, [CoNa2(C7H3NO4)2(H2O)2]n, the CoII atom is coordinated by two pyridine N atoms and four carboxyl­ate O atoms from two doubly deprotonated pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl­ate ligands in a distorted octa­hedral geometry. One Na+ cation is coordinated by three carboxyl­ate O atoms and two water mol­ecules and the other is coordinated by five carboxyl­ate O atoms and two water mol­ecules in an irregular geometry. The bis­(pyridine-2,6-dicarboxyl­ato)cobalt complex units are connected by Na+ cations and bridging water mol­ecules into a three-dimensional coordination network. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are formed between the water mol­ecules and the carboxyl­ate O atoms

Structural stability of clean, passivated, and partially dehydrogenated cuboid and octahedral nanodiamonds up to 2 nanometers in size

The use of precisely applied mechanical forces to induce site-specific chemical transformations is called positional mechanosynthesis, and diamond is an important early target for achieving mechanosynthesis experimentally. The next major experimental milestone may be the mechanosynthetic fabrication of atomically precise 3D structures, creating readily accessible diamond-based nanomechanical components engineered to form desired architectures possessing superlative mechanical strength, stiffness, and strength-to-weight ratio. To help motivate this future experimental work, the present paper addresses the basic stability of the simplest nanoscale diamond structures-cubes and octahedra-possessing clean, hydrogenated, or partially hydrogenated surfaces. Computational studies using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics (CPMD) code, consuming ~1,466,852.53 CPU-hours of runtime on the IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer (23 TFlops), confirmed that fully hydrogenated nanodiamonds up to 2 nm (~900-1800 atoms) in size having only C(111) faces (octahedrons) or only C(110) and C(100) faces (cuboids) maintain stable sp 3 hybridization. Fully dehydrogenated cuboid nanodiamonds above 1 nm retain the diamond lattice pattern, but smaller dehydrogenated cuboids and dehydrogenated octahedron nanodiamonds up to 2 nm reconstruct to bucky-diamond or onion-like carbon (OLC). At least three adjacent passivating H atoms may be removed, even from the most graphitization-prone C(111) face, without reconstruction of the underlying diamond lattice. Copyright © 2011 American Scientific Publishers

Optimal approach trajectories for a hydrogen donation tool in positionally controlled diamond mechanosynthesis

The use of precisely applied mechanical forces to induce site-specific chemical transformations is called positional mechanosynthesis, and diamond is an important early target for achieving mechanosynthesis experimentally. A key step in diamond mechanosynthesis (DMS) may employ a Ge-substituted adamantane-based hydrogen donation tool (HDon) for the site-specific mechanical hydrogenation of depassivated diamond surfaces. This paper presents the first theoretical study of DMS tool-workpiece operating envelopes and optimal tool approach trajectories for a positionally controlled hydrogen donation tool during scanning-probe based UHV diamond mechanosynthesis. Trajectories were analyzed using Density Functional Theory (DFT) in PC-GAMESS at the B3LYP/6- 311G(d, p)//B3LYP/3-21G(2d, p) level of theory. The results of this study help to define equipment and tooltip motion requirements that may be needed to execute the proposed reaction sequence experimentally and provide support for early developmental targets as part of a comprehensive near-term DMS implementation program. © 2013 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved

Structural stability of clean and passivated nanodiamonds having ledge, step, or corner features

The use of precisely applied mechanical forces to induce site-specific chemical transformations is called positional mechanosynthesis, and diamond is an important early target for achieving mechanosynthesis experimentally. The next major experimental milestone may be the mechanosynthetic fabrication of atomically precise 3D structures, creating readily accessible diamond-based nanomechanical components engineered to form desired architectures possessing superlative mechanical strength, stiffness, and strength-to-weight ratio. To help motivate this future experimental work, the present paper addresses the basic stability of nanoscale diamond structures with clean or hydrogenated surfaces that possess certain simple features including ledges, steps, and corners. Computational studies using Density Functional Theory (DFT) with the Car-Parrinello Molecular Dynamics (CPMD) code, consuming~2,284,108.97 CPU-hours of runtime on the IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer (23 TFlops), confirm that fully hydrogenated nanodiamonds 1-2 nm in size possessing ledges with various combinations of convex or concave edgelines where any two of the three principal diamond faces meet will maintain stable sp 3 hybridization. © 2012 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved

Metapopulation Structure of Two Species of Pikeworm (Triaenophorus, Cestoda) Parasitizing the Postglacial Fish Community in an Oligotrophic Lake

In the present study, we estimated the levels of infestation of the main fish species that are hosts for two Triaenophorus species: T. crassus and T. nodulosus. The prevalence of T. crassus and T. nodulosus infestations in the intestine of their definitive host–pike Esox lucius was similar (71.0% and 77.4%, respectively). At the same time, the prevalence of T. crassus infestation in muscle tissue was significantly different between the second intermediate hosts, Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (31.4%) and Cor. l. pravdinellus (91.2%), due to considerable differences in their diets. For T. nodulosus, we found significant variations in the levels of prevalence among the second intermediate hosts—100% for Lota lota, 81.8% for Cottus sibiricus 31.9% for Thymallus arcticus, and 24.5% for Perca fluviatilis—that we also explained using different diets. Moreover, analysis of the symmetry of parasite infestations did not reveal any asymmetry between the number of cysts in the left and right body surfaces of the “planktivorous” form/species of whitefish, whereas in the ‘‘benthivorous”, an asymmetry of parasite infestations was found.The research of 2020 was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant number 19-34-60028), the data curation in 2021 was partially supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 19-74-10054), and for 2022 was partially supported by the Russian international scientific collaboration program Mega-grant (mega-grant No. 075-15-2022-1134).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio