Contacts with Diasporas and Diaspora Organisations as a Key to a Successful Migrant Integration Policy in the EU

We analyse European Commission and European Parliament documents - directives, communications, conclusions, recommendations - and best practices for EU member states' international projects focusing on migrant integration in both the EU states and the countries of origin. Special emphasis is placed on the role of diasporas and the efforts taken by the EU to involve them in the integration process. We stress the need for a new supranational EU immigration and integration policy, in view of new migration trends and the so-called migrant crisis. The study shows that the EU integration policy is directed towards both migrants and host countries and the countries of origin. Since the early 2010s, the involvement of various diaspora organisations in the implementation of the EU migrant integration policy has significantly increased. An analysis of completed projects shows that diasporas have a potential of becoming a key actor in the EU integration policy. We suggest expanding the list of the objectives of the national integration policy of the EU countries. This may be achieved by boosting efforts to reduce the gap in the socio-economic development of the host countries and the countries of origin, particularly, by promoting multilateral cooperation with diaspora organisations

Polymorphism of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in acute intestinal infections

Acute intestinal infections are widespread and hold the second place among infectious diseases, giving way solely to respiratory diseases. In this regard, much attention has been paid to examining acute intestinal infections, including immunopathogenetic mechanisms. And since proinflammatory and antiinflammatory cytokines play an important role in development of inflammatory reactions affecting disease severity and outcome, it becomes reasonable to study polymorphism of genes governing production of related molecules. Thus, the aim of our study was to examine the polymorphism in the IL-1β Т31С and IL-2 T330G genes; such mutations were characterized by nucleotide replacement affecting the gene promoters, which influenced production rate and level of the relevant cytokines. There were enrolled 108 patients with acute intestinal infections comprising main group as well as 94 apparently healthy subjects in the control group. Genomic DNA was isolated from the whole blood leukocytes by using a DNA-express-blood reagent, followed by conducting amplification reaction with two pairs of allele-specific primers. The polymorphism in the IL-1β, IL-2 genes was determined by PCR with primers purchased from Litech LLC (St. Petersburg). Data processing was carried out by using the statistical Statistica 6 suite software. While assessing the carriage rate of IL-1β T31C gene polymorphic markers by using the multiplicative inheritance model in both groups, the prevalence of the normal T allele and, respectively of the —31TT and —31TC genotypes with OR = 1.83 and an interval of 1.04—3.22 (χ2 = 6.35, p = 0.04, df = 2) was found, which allowed us to identify a relationship between the carriage of IL-1β в gene heterozygous variant and potentially elevated risk of AII. Regarding the IL-2 T330G gene, it was found that pathological G alleles was more markedly abundant in patients with acute intestinal infections compared to control group. Analyzing diverse IL-2 T330G carriage rate in patients with acute intestinal infections revealed that carriers of the TG heterozygous variant predominated — 56.48% (χ2 = 17.75, F = 0.000031), whereas pathological genotype GG was found in 13.89% (χ2 = 12.31, F = 0.000663, p < 0.05), with high probability of the relationship between carriage of these genotypes and a risk of disease development (OR — 3.63 [1.97—6.68] and OR — 6.91 [2.12—22.59]). Hence, the carriage of polymorphic variants of the IL-1β T31C and IL-2 T330G genes was associated with elevated risk of developing AII in case of infection with pathogenic microorganisms

Structure, thermal stability and electrical conductivity of BINBVOX

Materials based on BINBVOX compounds that are stable within wide concentration and temperature ranges have been synthesized. Refinement of the crystal structure of different BINBVOX modifications obtained at different temperatures and partial oxygen pressures has been carried out. The most promising solid solutions have been identified according to the linear dependence of the total electric conductivity on temperature and its independence on partial oxygen pressure. © 2013 Elsevier B.V

Blending Landsat and MODIS Data to Generate Multispectral Indices: A Comparison of “Index-then-Blend” and “Blend-then-Index” Approaches

The objective of this paper was to evaluate the accuracy of two advanced blending algorithms, Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) and Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (ESTARFM) to downscale Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) indices to the spatial resolution of Landsat. We tested two approaches: (i) "Index-then-Blend" (IB); and (ii) "Blend-then-Index" (BI) when simulating nine indices, which are widely used for vegetation studies, environmental moisture assessment and standing water identification. Landsat-like indices, generated using both IB and BI, were simulated on 45 dates in total from three sites. The outputs were then compared with indices calculated from observed Landsat data and pixel-to-pixel accuracy of each simulation was assessed by calculating the: (i) bias; (ii) R; and (iii) Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD). The IB approach produced higher accuracies than the BI approach for both blending algorithms for all nine indices at all three sites. We also found that the relative performance of the STARFM and ESTARFM algorithms depended on the spatial and temporal variances of the Landsat-MODIS input indices. Our study suggests that the IB approach should be implemented for blending of environmental indices, as it was: (i) less computationally expensive due to blending single indices rather than multiple bands; (ii) more accurate due to less error propagation; and (iii) less sensitive to the choice of algorithm

Magnetic resonances in EuSn2_2As2_2 single crystal

In this work, we report the broad-band ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy of EuSn$_2$As$_2$ single crystals at different temperatures in combination with magnetization measurements and structural characterization. We observe conventional collective acoustic resonance mode of the A-type antiferromagnetic spin-flop phase in the Eu sub-lattice, and its transition to the paramagnetic resonance above the ordering temperature. Furthermore, we observe reproducibly additional well-defined spectral line. The origin of the additional line remains unclear. However, its temperature dependence attributes it to magnetism in the Eu sub-lattice.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, 34 reference

Ferromagnetic resonance with long Josephson junction

© 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd.In this work we propose a hybrid device based on a long Josephson junction (JJ) coupled inductively to an external ferromagnetic (FM) layer. The long JJ in a zero-field operation mode induces a localized AC magnetic field in the FM layer and enables a synchronized magnetostatic standing wave. The magnetostatic wave induces additional dissipation for soliton propagation in the junction and also enables a phase locking (resonant soliton synchronization) at a frequency of natural ferromagnetic resonance. The later manifests itself as an additional constant voltage step on the current-voltage characteristics at the corresponding voltage. The proposed device allows to study magnetization dynamics of individual micro-scaled FM samples using just DC technique, and also it provides additional phase locking frequency in the junction, determined exclusively by characteristics of the ferromagnet

Вплив згодовування хелатних комплексів мікроелементів на морфологі-чні та біохімічні показники крові корів

In the article was discusses the questions about the effect of feeding chelate complexes of trace elements of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn) on morphological and biochemical blood indicators of cows of Ukrainian black mottled dairy breed on the second month of lactation. For the experiment, 40 cows were selected and formed four groups: one control and three experimental. The cows in the control group fed a premix of sulfate salts of Cu, Zn and Mn in doses that are 100% covered their lack in a forage. Experimental animals from I, II and III groups were fed premixes with chelate complexes of Cu, Zn and Mn, which offset the deficiency of trace elements in the feed ration for 100, 50 and 25% (calculated on pure element), respectively. In animal blood examined the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, phagocytic activity of neutrophils, and in serum – total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, carotene, creatinine, urea, cholesterol, activity of AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase. As a result studies, have shown that blood indicators of the animals were within physiological fluctuations. Found that in the serum of animals of III experimental group the contents of total protein was lowered by 4.1% (P < 0.05) than in the first, and by 3.6% (P < 0.1) relative to the second group. It was determined that the concentration of albumin and total calcium in serum of II experimental group of cows was higher by 4.6% and by 6.0% (P < 0.1), respectively, relative to the third group. Content of inorganic phosphorus in the blood serum of animals of II group was higher at trends over the indicator in the serum of animals of the control and first experimental groups by 8.1% and by 6.9%, respectively. According to other indicators of animals blood does not have significant difference.У статті розглянуто питання щодо впливу згодовування хелатних комплексів мікроелементів Купруму (Сu), Цинку (Zn), Мангану (Mn) на морфологічні та біохімічні показники крові корів української чорно-рябої молочної породи на другому місяці лактації. Для експерименту було відібрано 40 корів і сформовано 4 групи: одну контрольну та три дослідні. В контрольній групі коровам згодовували премікс з сірчанокислими солями Cu, Zn і Mn у дозі, що на 100% покривала їх нестачу в кормах. Дослідним тваринам І, ІІ і ІІІ груп згодовували премікси з хелатними комплексами Cu, Zn і Mn, які компенсували дефіцит мікроелементів в кормах раціону на 100, 50 і 25% (у перерахунку на чистий елемент) відповідно. В крові тварин досліджували кількість еритроцитів, лейкоцитів, вміст гемоглобіну, фагоцитарну активність нейтрофілів, а в сироватці – загальний вміст білка, альбумінів, глобулінів, глюкози, загального Кальцію, неорганічного Фосфору, каротину, креатиніну, сечовини, холестерину, активність АсАТ, АлАТ та лужної фосфатази. В результаті досліджень показано, що показники крові всіх піддослідних тварин перебували у межах фізіологічних коливань. Встановлено, що в сироватці крові тварин ІІІ дослідної групи вміст загального білка був нижчим на 4,1% (Р < 0,05) порівняно з І, та на 3,6% (Р < 0,1) відносно ІІ групи. Визначено, що концентрація альбумінів і Кальцію загального в сироватці крові корів ІІ дослідної групи була вищою на 4,6% та 6,0% (Р < 0,1) відповідно, відносно ІІІ групи. Вміст Фосфору неорганічного в сироватці крові тварин ІІ групи був вищим на рівні тенденції за даний показник у сироватці тварин контрольної і І дослідної групах на 8,1% та на 6,9%, відповідно. За іншими показниками крові тварин не встановлено вірогідної різниці

Synthesis of multi-loop automatic control systems by the nonlinear programming method

The article deals with the problem of calculation of the multi-loop control systems optimal tuning parameters by numerical methods and nonlinear programming methods. For this purpose, in the paper the Optimization Toolbox of Matlab is used

Development of a Visualisation Approach for Analysing Incipient and Clinically Unrecorded Enamel Fissure Caries Using Laser-Induced Contrast Imaging, MicroRaman Spectroscopy and Biomimetic Composites: A Pilot Study

This pilot study presents a practical approach to detecting and visualising the initial forms of caries that are not clinically registered. The use of a laser-induced contrast visualisation (LICV) technique was shown to provide detection of the originating caries based on the separation of emissions from sound tissue, areas with destroyed tissue and regions of bacterial invasion. Adding microRaman spectroscopy to the measuring system enables reliable detection of the transformation of the organic–mineral component in the dental tissue and the spread of bacterial microflora in the affected region. Further laboratory and clinical studies of the comprehensive use of LICV and microRaman spectroscopy enable data extension on the application of this approach for accurate determination of the boundaries in the changed dental tissue as a result of initial caries. The obtained data has the potential to develop an effective preventive medical diagnostic approach and as a result, further personalised medical treatment can be specified. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Russian Science Foundation, RSF: 21-15-00026; Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation: N 075-15-2021-1351Funding: This work was funded by a grant from the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 21-15-00026. The access to scientific equipment and methodology was provided under support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russia, agreement N 075-15-2021-1351