Extraction Of Tannin From Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch As A Rust Deactivator.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of reaction between rust and rust deactivator obtained from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) powder

Sintering Parameter Optimization of Ti-6Al-4V Metal Injection Molding for Highest Strength Using Palm Stearin Binder

AbstractThis paper presents an optimization of sintering parameters for the best sintered strength of Ti-6Al-4V powder mixed with 60wt% of palm stearin binder and 40wt% of polyethylene by metal injection moulding (MIM) technique. The mechanical properties of the sintered part are resulted from tremendous densification of the sample. Sintering parameters have been optimized using Taguchi method of L9 (34) orthogonal array. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to determine the significant levels (α) and its contribution to the variables of the final strength. The study demonstrated that sintering temperature was the most influential variable contributes to the best final strength, followed by heating rate, dwelling time and cooling temperature. Based on these results, samples displayed yield strength of 934.3MPa, and a plastic elongation of more than 10% were produced. These values meet the requirements of the ASTM B348-02 for titanium alloy medical grade

Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch-Polypropylene Composites: Effect of Adding ENGAGE TM 7467.

Composites of polypropylene and oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) were prepared by melt blending using ENGAGE™ 7467 (polyolefin elastomer) as an impact modifier. ENGAGE™ 7467 is a polyolefin elastomer. The mechanical properties and morphology of composites have been studied. Tensile tests showed that addition of ENGAGE™ 7467 improved the elasticity of the composite, thus reducing the stiffness of the composites but no significant changes on tensile strength. The impact strength was also improved with the addition of ENGAGE™ 7467, but no significant effect on flexural test was observed. This result indicates that the ENGAGE™ 7467 forms a flexible interphase around the OPEFB particles, giving the composites better impact strength for both notched and unnotched samples without degrading the fiber and matrix interaction. The ENGAGE™ 7467 composites characterized using Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy showed that there is no shifting of peaks, indicating that the addition of ENGAGE™ 7467 does not affect the interaction between matrix and filler

Effect of Serving Time on Microbiological Quality of Food Served (Chicken Dish and Rice) During Wedding Banquet

Ayam masak merah (chicken in tomato sauce) and nasi minyak (flavoured ghee rice) are among the common dish served in Malay wedding banquet. The microbiological quality of these dishes becomes a concern when there was a food poisoning that caused four deaths after attending the wedding banquet. Therefore, the aim of this work is to investigate the microbiological quality of ayam masak merah and nasi minyak during the serving time (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours) at the wedding banquet. The microbiological analysis were; total plate count (TPC), total coliform, Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella spp., and Listeria spp. The results showed that ayam masak merah has the highest count for TPC, total coliform, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, but low count in Listeria spp. and Salmonella spp. was not detected. Highest TPC was observed at the first hour of serving time, 7.33 log CFU/g, while for total coliforms and Staphylococcus aureus was at the 4 hours of serving time, 7.44 log CFU/g and 7.27 log CFU/g respectively

Analysis of EMG based Arm Movement Sequence using Mean and Median Frequency

This paper present the studies of analysis arm movement sequence which dedicated for upper limb rehabilitation after stroke. The recovery of the arm could be optimized if the rehabilitation therapy is in a right manner. Upper limb weakness after stroke is prevalent in post-stroke rehabilitation, many factors that can deficit muscle strength there are neural, muscle structure and function change after stroke. Rehabilitation process needs to start as soon as after a stroke attack, repetitive and conceptualized. On the other hand monitoring of muscle activity also need in the rehabilitation process to evaluate muscle strength, motor function and progress in the rehabilitation process. The objective of this research is to analysis arm movement sequence using the feature frequency domain. In this study deltoid, biceps and flexor carpum ulnaris (FCU) muscles will be monitored by surface electromyography (sEMG). Five healthy subjects male and female become participants in data recording. Mean frequency (MNF) and median frequency (MDF) domain are two signals processing technique used for arm movement sequence analyzing. The analysis result showed that MNF is better than MDF where MNF produced higher frequency than MDF from each segment. From the data analysis, this movement sequence design more focuses on deltoid and FCU muscles treatment. This movement sequence has five condition movements. First undemanding, second difficult, third moderate, fourth moderate and the last cool-down movements. The best movement sequence minimum has four condition movements warming up - moderate - difficult - cool-down

Electrospun nanofiber-coated membrane: a review

The nanofibre development offers various useful applications in many ways including energy and environmental application. Polymeric nanofibre fabricated by electrospinning has been seen as innovative membrane materials for water remediation owing to the high surface area, interconnected porous structure, and light weight. This paper reviews the exciting functionality of nanofibre involving the development of smart heterogeneous approaches in membrane material. These heterogeneous materials allow the water molecules to spontaneously penetrate from one side to another, while blocking penetration in reverse direction due to hydrophilic-hydrophobic differences. Composite membrane containing different features arrangements of nanofibres have been utilised for their ability for water applications especially in membrane distillation

Parameter optimization of debinding injection moulded Ti-6Al-4V mix with palm stearin and polyethylene

Debinding process of injection moulded Ti-6Al-4V feedstock was divided into two parts: solvent debinding process to eliminate palm stearin (PS) and thermal pyrolysis to eliminate polyethylene (PE). Solvent debinding process used heptane at optimum temperature, 60°C to remove PS binder completely as temperature is the only parameter that can be optimized. Thermal pyrolysis parameters for removal of PE binder from the injected 65vol% Ti-6Al-4V feedstock have been optimized by using Taguchi method. Heating rate, temperature and time were the selected factors during experiment to be applied in the L9(34) Taguchi orthogonal array (OA) to find the best set of parameters to produce highest density of brown part. Thermal pyrolysis process was done at optimum parameters: heating rate: 5°C/min; temperature: 510°C; and time: 90 minutes. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was employed to find the best signal to noise ratio (S/N) to express the contribution of the factors towards quality characteristic. Based on the results, heating rate has the greatest contribution (54.63%), followed by duration time of thermal pyrolysis (24.40%) and temperature (19.25%)

The influence of design parameters on the performance of FBAR in 10–14 GHz

This research presents the analysis of the influence of design parameters on the performance of film bilk acoustic wave resonator (FBAR) working from 10 GHz to 14 GHz. The analysis is done by implementing one-dimensional (1-D) modellings, which are 1-D Mason model and Butterworth Van Dyke (BVD) model. The physical parameters such as piezoelectric materials and its thickness, and size of area affecting the characteristics of the FBAR are analyzed in detail. Zinc oxide (ZnO) and aluminum nitride (AlN) are chosen as the piezoelectric materials. The resonance area is varied at 25μm×25μm to 35μm×35μm. From the analysis, it is found that as the frequency increases, the thickness of the piezoelectric material decreases. Meanwhile, the static capacitance increases as the frequency increases. It is also found that as the area increases, the electrical impedance and static capacitance also increases

Impact of COVID-19 on aquaculture sector in Malaysia: Findings from the first national survey

Abstract Malaysian aquaculture sector consists of 391,000 t of cultivated organisms produced per year with an economic value for over USD 700 million as estimated in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic caused a large global human pandemic and it is currently ongoing, affecting profoundly Malaysian aquaculture, which is vital for seafood provision and security assurance. Thus, to increase our understanding about how the pandemic affects aquaculture sectors is crucial to design possible management measures both at local and national level. To do it, we designed a survey, starting in May 2020, consisting of 25 online questions to collect information about the impact of COVID-19 on the aquaculture sectors in Malaysia. A total of 105 respondents (2625 answered questions) was captured within the Movement Control Order (MCO) period and later extended to the Conditional MCO (CMCO). Almost 90 % of respondents was unanimous in answering that, and COVID-19 had a heavy effect on aquaculture-related activities in Malaysia; 80 % of them indicated the market demand and logistic bottlenecks (72 %) as major constraints on their aquaculture activities. While the major option to solve aquaculture COVID-19 related issues was the use of online market or digital platforms (76 %), a large fraction of respondents requested for specific assistance to support aquaculture activities (e.g. financial support). Most respondents (93 %) was aware about the necessity of the Standard Operation Procedure (SOP) provided by the relevant agencies during the MCO / CMCO. Present data are crucial to develop policy measures both at national and international level to support seafood sectors under pandemic