Hubungan Kelimpahan Meiofauna pada Kerapatan Lamun yang Berbeda di Pulau Panjang, Jepara

Lamun merupakan salah satu sumberdaya laut yang sangat potensial dan dapat dimanfaatkan. Organisme benthos seperti meiofauna menepati posisi yang sangat penting dalam proses biodegradasi di ekosistem pantai. Meiofauna bersifat relatif menetap pada dasar perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan meiofauna pada kerapatan lamun yang berbeda di Pantai Pulau Panjang, Jepara dan mengetahui hubungan antara kerapatan lamun yang berbeda dengan kelimpahan meiofauna. Metode pengambilan sampel dan pengamatan meiofauna adalah sampel diambil 7 titik dari setiap stasiun, pengambilan sampel meiofauna dengan menggunakan pralon 20 cm, sampel kemudian disaring dengan menggunakan saringan sampel 0,5 mm dan diberi formalin sebanyak 4% ,larutan rose bengale™ dan larutan ludox. Jenis lamun yang ditemukan di lokasi penelitian ini didapatkan 5 genera lamun yaitu Thalassia sp, Cymodocea sp, Enhalus sp, Syringodium sp dan Halodule sp. Jumlah spesies individu meiofauna pada stasiun A yaitu 34.666 individu/m3 dari 22 spesies, pada stasiun B yaitu 42.666 individu/m3 dari 22 spesies dan pada stasiun C yaitu 54.000 individu/m3 dari 22 spesies. Uji korelasi pearson didapatkan nilai sebesar 0,565 ( ≥ 0,05 ) dengan kesimpulan H0 diterima dan H1 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara meiofauna dengan kerapatan lamun yang berbeda di Pulau Panjang Jepara. Nilai korelasi antara meiofauna dengan kerapatan lamun sebesar -0,632, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak adanya hubungan yang erat antara meiofauna dengan kerapatan lamun di Pulau Panjang, Jepara

Emergent Orthotopic Liver Transplantation for Hemorrhage from a Giant Cavernous Hepatic Hemangioma: Case Report and Review

IntroductionCavernous hemangiomas represent the most common benign primary hepatic neoplasm, often being incidentally detected. Although the majority of hepatic hemangiomas remain asymptomatic, symptomatic hepatic hemangiomas can present with abdominal pain, hemorrhage, biliary compression, or a consumptive coagulopathy. The optimal surgical management of symptomatic hepatic hemangiomas remains controversial, with resection, enucleation, and both deceased donor and living donor liver transplantation having been reported.Case reportWe report the case of a patient found to have a unique syndrome of multiorgan cavernous hemangiomatosis involving the liver, lung, omentum, and spleen without cutaneous involvement. Sixteen years following her initial diagnosis, the patient suffered from intra-abdominal hemorrhage due to her giant cavernous hepatic hemangioma. Evidence of continued bleeding, in the setting of Kasabach-Merritt Syndrome and worsening abdominal compartment syndrome, prompted MELD exemption listing. The patient subsequently underwent emergent liver transplantation without complication.ConclusionAlthough cavernous hemangiomas represent the most common benign primary hepatic neoplasm, hepatic hemangioma rupture remains a rare presentation in these patients. Management at a center with expertise in liver transplantation is warranted for those patients presenting with worsening DIC or hemorrhage, given the potential for rapid clinical decompensation

Revised cutoff values of ALT and HBV DNA level can better differentiate HBeAg (-) chronic inactive HBV patients from active carriers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background and Aims</p> <p>ELISA is still used as primary test for diagnosis HBV disease. However, ELISA-positive patients were marked as HBV inactive after confirmation with PCR and vice versa. Our aim was to assess the performance of new cut-off value of ALT, HBV DNA load and significance of AST as screening tool for HBeAg (-) chronic active or inactive patients in Pakistani population.</p> <p>Materials and methods</p> <p>In a cross-sectional, cohort study, 567 HBeAg (-) patients followed for one year were selected. Patients with persistent elevated ALT than normal and HBV DNA ≥ 100,000 copies/mL were taken as active chronic. Diagnostic values for ALT, AST and HBV DNA load in HBV HBeAg (-) chronic active and inactive patients compared using receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curves.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of 567 HBeAg (-) patients, 228 were classified as chronic inactive and 339 as active. HBV infection was dominant in male. Serum ALT, AST and HBV DNA levels showed significant and high AUROC to differentiate chronic HBeAg (-) inactive patients from active. AUROC for Serum ALT, AST and HBV DNA were observed 0.997, 0.969 and 1.000, respectively. For revised cut off value for ALT (30 IU/L for male and 19 IU/L for female) and HBV DNA load ≥100,000 copies/mL, a PPV of 97%, NPV of 94%, a sensitivity of 98%, and a specificity of 92% was observed to discriminate active carriers from inactive carriers. We also observed 93.5% specificity, 83.1% sensitivity, 82% PPV and 89.5% NPV for AST ≤20 IU/L to differentiate inactive carriers from active ones in our study group.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Revised cut off value of ALT and NIH derived HBV DNA value can better discriminate between HBeAg (-) chronic active and inactive patients.</p

Design and baseline characteristics of the finerenone in reducing cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in diabetic kidney disease trial

Background: Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. Patients and Methods: The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >= 25 mL/min/1.73 m(2) and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 to <= 5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level alpha = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. Conclusions: FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049