The impacts of education, vocational tenure and career opportunities on job satisfaction, organizational commitment and intent to leave: Security sector analysisEğitimin, mesleki tecrübenin ve terfi imkanlarının iş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerine etkisi: Güvenlik sektörü analizi

This study investigates whether job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention levels of four-year university graduates and two-year police vocational school graduates are different from each other. A sample of 394 police officers working in seven provinces of seven different geographical regions in Turkey was analyzed. The results of t test and correlation analysis obtained indicated that the university degree holders indicated a lower level of organizational commitment and higher level of turnover intention than their non-degree holder colleagues. It was found that there is no statistically significant difference between job satisfaction levels of two groups. Career opportunities increased job satisfaction and organizational commitment while tenure reduced turnover intention. The findings of the study illustrate a need for internal policy reform in how the executives of TNP organize their employment and human resource management policies Based on the study results, recommendations were made on human resources management policies.   ÖzetBu araştırmada dört yıllık üniversite eğitimi almış polis memurları (POMEM) ile iki yıllık polis meslek yüksekokulu mezunu polis memurlarının (PMYO) iş tatmini, örgütsel bağlılık ve işten ayrılma niyeti düzeylerinin farklılık gösterip göstermediği araştırılmıştır. Türkiye’nin yedi coğrafi bölgesinde yer alan yedi ildeki POMEM ve PMYO mezunlarından alınan 394 kişilik örneklem üzerinde çalışma yapılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin t testi ve korelasyon analizleri sonucunda, üniversite mezunu polis memurlarının, üniversite mezunu olmayan meslektaşlarına göre daha düşük seviyede örgütsel bağlılık gösterdikleri ve daha yüksek seviyede işten ayrılma eğilimi gösterdikleri bulunmuştur. İş tatmini açısından iki grup arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Meslekte ilerleme imkânlarının iş tatmini ve örgütsel bağlılığı arttığı, POMEM mezunları için meslekte geçen sürenin artması ile örgüte olan bağlılığın azaldığı tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları insan kaynakları yönetimi ve işa alma politikaları ile ilgili politika reformu ihtiyacını ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonuçları doğrultusunda, insan kaynakları yönetim politikalarına dair önerilerde bulunulmuştur

Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori antigen positivity in stool samples of patients with dyspeptic complaints in a tertiary care hospital

Objective: Helicobacter pylori is a microorganism associatedwith gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastriccancer. We aimed to figure out the positivity rate in stoolsamples of outpatients with dyspeptic complaints visitinggastroenterology department and to evaluate its relationwith age, gender and seasonal changes.Methods: Between January 01, 2012 and December 31,2012, stool samples of 330 adult outpatients admitted togastroenterology department are investigated with an immunochromatographictest kit using monoclonal antibodiesfor detection of H. pylori antigen.Results: Among 330 patients’ stool samples tested, 67(20.3%) were positive. 18.6% of men and 22.2% of womenwere detected as positive. According to age groups,17.1% patients were positive for 15-35 age groups,27.1% patients were positive for 36-55 age groups and18.2% patients were positive for above 56. Seasonal differenceof H. pylori antigen positivity in stool samples wasstatistically significant (p=0.001). Highest positivity rate29.7% was detected for winter months (December-January-February). According to logistic regression analysis,winter is found as a risk factor with statistically significant2.295 times greater risk [p=0001, Exp (B) = 2.925, 95.0%C.I. for EXP (B) = 1.668-5.129].Conclusion: H. pylori antigen positivity rate of our study islower than other previously conducted studies in Turkey.But, positivity rates are higher among women comparedto men, concordant with other studies. Even more, detectionof high positivity rates in winter shows primary infectionand/or relapse can be affected by seasonal changes.Key words: Helicobacter pylori, gastroenterology, stool antigen tes

Optimization of Serine Protease Purification from Mango (Mangifera indica cv. Chokanan) Peel in Polyethylene Glycol/Dextran Aqueous Two Phase System

Mango peel is a good source of protease but remains an industrial waste. This study focuses on the optimization of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/dextran-based aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) to purify serine protease from mango peel. The activity of serine protease in different phase systems was studied and then the possible relationship between the purification variables, namely polyethylene glycol molecular weight (PEG, 4000–12,000 g·mol−1), tie line length (−3.42–35.27%), NaCl (−2.5–11.5%) and pH (4.5–10.5) on the enzymatic properties of purified enzyme was investigated. The most significant effect of PEG was on the efficiency of serine protease purification. Also, there was a significant increase in the partition coefficient with the addition of 4.5% of NaCl to the system. This could be due to the high hydrophobicity of serine protease compared to protein contaminates. The optimum conditions to achieve high partition coefficient (84.2) purification factor (14.37) and yield (97.3%) of serine protease were obtained in the presence of 8000 g·mol−1 of PEG, 17.2% of tie line length and 4.5% of NaCl at pH 7.5. The enzymatic properties of purified serine protease using PEG/dextran ATPS showed that the enzyme could be purified at a high purification factor and yield with easy scale-up and fast processing

Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

SummaryBackground Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatoryactions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospitalwith COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients wererandomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once perday by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatmentgroups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment andwere twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants andlocal study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to theoutcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treatpopulation. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936.Findings Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) wereeligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomlyallocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall,561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days(rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87–1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days(rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98–1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, nosignificant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilationor death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87–1·03; p=0·24).Interpretation In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or otherprespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restrictedto patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication