100 research outputs found
Study of subthreshold behavior of FinFet
The study of subthreshold behavior of Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET) is critically important in the case of submicron devices for the successful design and implementation of digital circuits. Fin Field Effect Transistor (FinFET) is considered to be an alternate MOSFET structure in the deep sub-micron regime. A 3D Poisson equation solver is employed to study the subthreshold behavior of FinFET. Based on potential distribution inside the fin, the appropriate band bending and the subthreshold value called the S-factor is calculated. It is observed that the S-factor of the device increases as the channel width, Tfin increases. This is attributed to the fact that the change in the band bending is less than the change in the applied gate voltage. This is only a first order analysis; hence the device is simulated in a device simulator Taurus. It is observed that the S-factor increases exponentially for channel lengths Lg \u3c 1.5Tfin. Further, for a constant Lg, the S factor is observed to increase as Tfin increases. An empirical relationship between S, Lg and Tfin is developed based on the simulation results, which can be used as a rule of thumb for determining the S-factor of devices
Efficient and practical synthesis of dissymmetrical ethers of 4-nitrocatechol
An efficient and practical synthesis of dissymmetrical ethers of 4-nitrocatechol from 5-nitrosalicyladehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-nitroacetophenone via Baeyer-Villiger oxidation is described. These dissymmetrical ethers are useful in the synthesis of various coccidiostats and other important pharmaceutical intermediates
Optimization of different welding processes using statistical and numerical approaches – A reference guide
Welding input parameters play a very significant role in determining the quality of a weld joint. The joint quality can be defined in terms of properties such as weld-bead geometry, mechanical properties, and distortion. Generally, all welding processes are used with the aim of obtaining a welded joint with the desired weld-bead parameters, excellent mechanical properties with minimum distortion.
Nowadays, application of design of experiment (DoE), evolutionary algorithms and computational network are widely used to develop a mathematical relationship between the welding process input parameters and the output variables of the weld joint in order to determine the welding input parameters that lead to the desired weld quality. A comprehensive literature review of the application of these methods in the area of welding has been introduced herein. This review was classified according to the output features of the weld, i.e. bead geometry and mechanical properties of the welds
ABJM Dibaryon Spectroscopy
We extend the proposal for a detailed map between wrapped D-branes in Anti-de
Sitter space and baryon-like operators in the associated dual conformal field
theory provided in hep-th/0202150 to the recently formulated AdS_4 \times
CP^3/ABJM correspondence. In this example, the role of the dibaryon operator of
the 3-dimensional CFT is played by a D4-brane wrapping a CP^2 \subset CP^3.
This topologically stable D-brane in the AdS_4 \times CP^3 is nothing but
one-half of the maximal giant graviton on CP^3.Comment: 26 page
Beyond the Planar Limit in ABJM
In this article we consider gauge theories with a U(N)X U(N) gauge group. We
provide, for the first time, a complete set of operators built from scalar
fields that are in the bi fundamental of the two groups. Our operators
diagonalize the two point function of the free field theory at all orders in
1/N. We then use this basis to investigate non-planar anomalous dimensions in
the ABJM theory. We show that the dilatation operator reduces to a set of
decoupled harmonic oscillators, signaling integrability in a nonplanar large N
limit.Comment: v2: minor revisison
Correlators of Giant Gravitons from dual ABJ(M) Theory
We generalize the operators of ABJM theory, given by Schur polynomials, in
ABJ theory by computing the two point functions in the free field and at finite
limits. These polynomials are then identified with the states of
the dual gravity theory. Further, we compute correlators among giant gravitons
as well as between giant gravitons and ordinary gravitons through the
corresponding correlators of ABJ(M) theory. Finally, we consider a particular
non-trivial background produced by an operator with an -charge of
and find, in presence of this background, due to the contribution of
the non-planar corrections, the large expansion is replaced by
and respectively.Comment: Latex, 32+1 pages, 2 figures, journal versio
The giant graviton on AdS_{4} x CP^{3} - another step towards the emergence of geometry
We construct the giant graviton on AdS_{4} x CP^{3} out of a four-brane
embedded in and moving on the complex projective space. This configuration is
dual to the totally anti-symmetric Schur polynomial operator
\chi_{R}(A_{1}B_{1}) in the 2+1-dimensional, N = 6 super Chern-Simons ABJM
theory. We demonstrate that this BPS solution of the D4-brane action is
energetically degenerate with the point graviton solution and initiate a study
of its spectrum of small fluctuations. Although the full computation of this
spectrum proves to be analytically intractable, by perturbing around a "small'"
giant graviton, we find good evidence for a dependence of the spectrum on the
size, \alpha_{0}, of the giant. This is a direct result of the changing shape
of the worldvolume as it grows in size.Comment: 46 pages, 7 figures. Further details added to section 6 - the
solutions to the leading order fluctuation equations and the leading order
spectrum have been obtained - and additional comments added to the
discussion. Additional references added. Mistake in section 2 correcte
Machine-Part cell formation through visual decipherable clustering of Self Organizing Map
Machine-part cell formation is used in cellular manufacturing in order to
process a large variety, quality, lower work in process levels, reducing
manufacturing lead-time and customer response time while retaining flexibility
for new products. This paper presents a new and novel approach for obtaining
machine cells and part families. In the cellular manufacturing the fundamental
problem is the formation of part families and machine cells. The present paper
deals with the Self Organising Map (SOM) method an unsupervised learning
algorithm in Artificial Intelligence, and has been used as a visually
decipherable clustering tool of machine-part cell formation. The objective of
the paper is to cluster the binary machine-part matrix through visually
decipherable cluster of SOM color-coding and labelling via the SOM map nodes in
such a way that the part families are processed in that machine cells. The
Umatrix, component plane, principal component projection, scatter plot and
histogram of SOM have been reported in the present work for the successful
visualization of the machine-part cell formation. Computational result with the
proposed algorithm on a set of group technology problems available in the
literature is also presented. The proposed SOM approach produced solutions with
a grouping efficacy that is at least as good as any results earlier reported in
the literature and improved the grouping efficacy for 70% of the problems and
found immensely useful to both industry practitioners and researchers.Comment: 18 pages,3 table, 4 figure
Comparing Brane Inflation to WMAP
We compare the simplest realistic brane inflationary model to recent
cosmological data, including WMAP 3-year cosmic microwave background (CMB)
results, Sloan Digital Sky Survey luminous red galaxies (SDSS LRG) power
spectrum data and Supernovae Legacy Survey (SNLS) Type 1a supernovae distance
measures. Here, the inflaton is simply the position of a -brane which is
moving towards a -brane sitting at the bottom of a throat (a warped,
deformed conifold) in the flux compactified bulk in Type IIB string theory. The
analysis includes both the usual slow-roll scenario and the Dirac-Born-Infeld
scenario of slow but relativistic rolling. Requiring that the throat is inside
the bulk greatly restricts the allowed parameter space. We discuss possible
scenarios in which large tensor mode and/or non-Gaussianity may emerge. Here,
the properties of a large tensor mode deviate from that in the usual slow-roll
scenario, providing a possible stringy signature. Overall, within the brane
inflationary scenario, the cosmological data is providing information about the
properties of the compactification of the extra dimensions.Comment: 45 pages 11 figure
Giant Gravitons on AdS_4 x CP^3 and their Holographic Three-point Functions
We find a simple parametrization of the anti-symmetric giant graviton in
AdS_4 x CP^3, first constructed in arXiv:1108.3084 [hep-th], dual to the
anti-symmetric Schur polynomial involving two bi-fundamental complex scalar
fields of ABJM theory. Using this parametrization we evaluate in a
semi-classical approach the three-point function of two such giant gravitons
and one point-like graviton considering both extremal and non-extremal
configurations. We likewise discuss the case of the symmetric giant graviton in
AdS_4 x CP^3. Finally, we provide an expression for the planar three-point
function of chiral primary operators in ABJM at strong coupling and find that
the results for the giant graviton three-point functions reduce to this
expression in the point-like limit.Comment: 1+16 pages. v2 added a referenc
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