Fast spatial inference in the homogeneous Ising model

The Ising model is important in statistical modeling and inference in many applications, however its normalizing constant, mean number of active vertices and mean spin interaction are intractable. We provide accurate approximations that make it possible to calculate these quantities numerically. Simulation studies indicate good performance when compared to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods and at a tiny fraction of the time. The methodology is also used to perform Bayesian inference in a functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging activation detection experiment.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, 3 table

Un Tiempo para la esperanza

El presente ensayo pretende repensar a la pedagogía crítica en el actual escenario neoliberal, con el objetivo de comenzar a prevenir una catástrofe política, epistemológica y ecológica. En un primer momento, se definirán las características del presente estado crítico. En un segundo momento, se postularán dos principios a los fines de problematizar las condiciones actuales de la sociedad y de la educación, sostenidos en un posicionamiento docente que reivindique lo inutilidad de ciertos saberes escolares y la proyección de postulados utópicos. Finalmente, en la conclusión se recuperará la problematización del desarrollo y se postularán algunas preguntas que pretenderán guiar el decurso de la investigación y la reflexión junto a otros

Tensiones en clúster de servicios petroleros del Golfo San Jorge : Avances en la caracterización de conflictos

Las dinámicas que se desarrollan en la cuenca del Golfo San Jorge especialmente en la ciudad de Comodoro Rivadavia, han dado origen a una “economía de localización” caracterizada por la especialización y concentración geográfica de la actividad vinculada al circuito petrolero, que favorece la innovación, el progreso técnico y el crecimiento, especialmente de los servicios petroleros. La proximidad geográfica permite la realización de actividades de complementación, cooperación, capacitación, organización; y por lo tanto alcanzar mejores niveles de competitividad, también genera dependencias vinculadas a la subcontratación. Parte de estas actividades, desarrolladas al interior del clúster generan tensiones de difícil resolución y que contrastan con las sinergias propias de un clúster cohesionado. El análisis se aborda desde la sociología analizando la fragmentación y los conflictos sociales que son consecuencia de la desigualdad social, en términos generales. No dejando de lado la concepción de stakeholder para interpretar las posiciones y las lógicas de los diferentes actores en conflicto. La metodología está centrada en la instrumentación del conflicto a través de protestas de los grupos vinculados con la actividad petrolera (piquetes, paros), que forman parte de la realidad de la cuenca (tanto en el flanco sur como en el norte), asociándolos con base de información georreferenciada. Los resultados dan cuenta de los principales actores en conflicto: sindicatos versus empresas petroleras o cámaras empresarias, localizaciones, modo de resolverlos y duración, en el último lustro.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Establishment of a Fruit Fly Parasitoids Mass-Rearing Facility in the Province of San Juan, Argentina

Since 1986, the suppression strategies implemented against Ceratitis capitata through the National Fruit Fly Control and Eradication Program in the province of San Juan (ProCEM San Juan), have been based on integrated use of SIT, cultural and chemical controls, plus a quarantine system. In April/2008, the Biological Control has been incorporated into control activities of the ProCEM San Juan. The first step was the establishment of a colony of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata on third-instar larvae of tsl C. capitata strain VIENNA 8 at the San Juan facility. The rearing cages of D. longicaudata were held in a rearing  5% RH, and 12:12 (L:D) h photoperiod.± 1 ºC, 65 ±room with 24  This parasitoid colony was derived from a strain previously reared on late-third instar Anastrepha fraterculus larvae at the Insectary of PROIMI-CONICET, Biological Control Division, located in San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina. However, the colony of D. longicaudata introduced to Argentina was obtained from a strain already adapted to laboratory conditions using Anastrepha ludens (Loew) larvae as a host in the Biological Control Laboratory of the Mexico?s Moscamed-Moscafrut National Program in Metapa de Dominguez, Chiapas, México. Financial support to introduction and establishment of D. longicaudata in Argentina was provided by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica, Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Productiva de Argentina (Grants PICT/97 n° 01236 and PICTO/02 n° 12909). Currently, quality control parameters for D. longicaudata reared on tsl C. capitata strain is being analyzed in order to evaluate the rearing process and the final product. In a second phase, is planned a mass rearing of D. longicaudata to reach a weekly production of 5 million parasitoids. In a third phase, the parasitoids will be released in some ecologically isolated fruit-growing areas of San Juan in combination with sterile Medfly releases in order to evaluate parasitoid efficiency once released in the field. Medfly eradication might be reached in those areas with the use of environment-friendly technologies such as SIT and Biological Control.Fil: Suárez, Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Provincia de San Juan. Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo Económico. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería y Agroindustria. Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos; ArgentinaFil: Bezdjian, Laura Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Beorchia Nigris, Victoria. Provincia de San Juan. Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo Económico. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería y Agroindustria. Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos; ArgentinaFil: Lara, Natalia. Provincia de San Juan. Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo Económico. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería y Agroindustria. Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos; ArgentinaFil: Murua, Fernanado. Provincia de San Juan. Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo Económico. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería y Agroindustria. Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos; ArgentinaFil: Escobar, Jorge. Provincia de San Juan. Ministerio de Producción y Desarrollo Económico. Secretaria de Agricultura, Ganadería y Agroindustria. Programa de Control y Erradicación de Mosca de los Frutos; ArgentinaFil: Van Nieuwenhove, Guido Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Núñez Campero, Segundo Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Schliserman, Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; ArgentinaFil: Cancino, Jorge. Programa MOSCAMED; MacaoFil: Ovruski Alderete, Sergio Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos; Argentina7ma Reunión del Grupo de Trabajo en Moscas de la Fruta del Hemisferio OccidentalMazatlánMéxicoGobierno Federal de México. Secretaría de Agricultura y Desarrollo RuralServicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad AgroalimentariaOrganismo Internacional de Energía AtómicaGobierno Federal de Estados Unidos. Departamento de Agricultur

Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study

Background: The contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study across 23 hospitals in Spain. We included patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to an intensive care unit between March 16, 2020, and Feb 27, 2021. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid region 1 (N1) was quantified in plasma samples collected from patients in the first 48 h following admission, using digital PCR. Patients were grouped on the basis of N1 quantity: VIR-N1-Zero (2747 N1 copies per mL). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 90 days after admission. We evaluated odds ratios (ORs) for the primary outcome between groups using a logistic regression analysis. Findings: 1068 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 117 had insufficient plasma samples and 115 had key information missing. 836 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 403 (48%) were in the VIR-N1-Low group, 283 (34%) were in the VIR-N1-Storm group, and 150 (18%) were in the VIR-N1-Zero group. Overall, patients in the VIR-N1-Storm group had the most severe disease: 266 (94%) of 283 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 116 (41%) developed acute kidney injury, 180 (65%) had secondary infections, and 148 (52%) died within 90 days. Patients in the VIR-N1-Zero group had the least severe disease: 81 (54%) of 150 received IMV, 34 (23%) developed acute kidney injury, 47 (32%) had secondary infections, and 26 (17%) died within 90 days (OR for death 0·30, 95% CI 0·16-0·55; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). 106 (26%) of 403 patients in the VIR-N1-Low group died within 90 days (OR for death 0·39, 95% CI 0·26-0·57; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). Interpretation: The presence of a so-called viral storm is associated with increased all-cause death in patients admitted to the intensive care unit with severe COVID-19. Preventing this viral storm could help to reduce poor outcomes. Viral storm could be an enrichment marker for treatment with antivirals or purification devices to remove viral components from the blood.This work was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FONDO-COVID19, COV20/00110, CIBERES, 06/06/0028; AT), Proyectos de Investigación en Salud (PI19/00590; JFB-M), Miguel Servet (CP20/00041; DdG-C), Sara Borrell (CD018/0123; APT), and Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud (FI20/00278; AdF). We also received funds from Programa de Donaciones Estar Preparados, UNESPA (Madrid, Spain), and from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR OV2–170357; DJK and JFB-M), Research Nova Scotia, Li-Ka Shing Foundation (DJK), and finally by a Research Grant 2020 from ESCMID (APT). COV20/00110, PI19/00590, CP20/00041, CD018/0123, FI20/00278 were co-funded by European Regional Development Fund and European Social Fund (A way to make Europe, and Investing in your future). We thank the IRB-Lleida Biobank 119 (B.0000682) and Plataforma Biobancos PT17/0015/0027 in Lleida, the Hospital Clinic Barcelona (HCB)-IDIBAPS biobank in Barcelona, and the National DNA Bank and the Hospital Universitario de Salamanca biobank (both in Salamanca) for their logistical support with sample processing and storage. We are indebted to the Fundació Glòria Soler for its contribution and support to the COVIDBANK of HCBIDIBAPS Biobank. This work was not supported by any pharmaceutical company or other agency.S

Classifying asthma control using salivary and fecal bacterial microbiome in children with moderate-to-severe asthma

Background: Uncontrolled asthma can lead to severe exacerbations and reduced quality of life. Research has shown that the microbiome may be linked with asthma characteristics; however, its association with asthma control has not been explored. We aimed to investigate whether the gastrointestinal microbiome can be used to discriminate between uncontrolled and controlled asthma in children. Methods: 143 and 103 feces samples were obtained from 143 children with moderate-to-severe asthma aged 6 to 17 years from the SysPharmPediA study. Patients were classified as controlled or uncontrolled asthmatics, and their microbiome at species level was compared using global (alpha/beta) diversity, conventional differential abundance analysis (DAA, analysis of compositions of microbiomes with bias correction), and machine learning [Recursive Ensemble Feature Selection (REFS)]. Results: Global diversity and DAA did not find significant differences between controlled and uncontrolled pediatric asthmatics. REFS detected a set of taxa, including Haemophilus and Veillonella, differentiating uncontrolled and controlled asthma with an average classification accuracy of 81% (saliva) and 86% (feces). These taxa showed enrichment in taxa previously associated with inflammatory diseases for both sampling compartments, and with COPD for the saliva samples. Conclusion: Controlled and uncontrolled children with asthma can be differentiated based on their gastrointestinal microbiome using machine learning, specifically REFS. Our results show an association between asthma control and the gastrointestinal microbiome. This suggests that the gastrointestinal microbiome may be a potential biomarker for treatment responsiveness and thereby help to improve asthma control in children

Effect of viral storm in patients admitted to intensive care units with severe COVID-19 in Spain: a multicentre, prospective, cohort study

Background: The contribution of the virus to the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 is still unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between viral RNA load in plasma and host response, complications, and deaths in critically ill patients with COVID-19. Methods: We did a prospective cohort study across 23 hospitals in Spain. We included patients aged 18 years or older with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were admitted to an intensive care unit between March 16, 2020, and Feb 27, 2021. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid region 1 (N1) was quantified in plasma samples collected from patients in the first 48 h following admission, using digital PCR. Patients were grouped on the basis of N1 quantity: VIR-N1-Zero ([removed]2747 N1 copies per mL). The primary outcome was all-cause death within 90 days after admission. We evaluated odds ratios (ORs) for the primary outcome between groups using a logistic regression analysis. Findings: 1068 patients met the inclusion criteria, of whom 117 had insufficient plasma samples and 115 had key information missing. 836 patients were included in the analysis, of whom 403 (48%) were in the VIR-N1-Low group, 283 (34%) were in the VIR-N1-Storm group, and 150 (18%) were in the VIR-N1-Zero group. Overall, patients in the VIR-N1-Storm group had the most severe disease: 266 (94%) of 283 patients received invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), 116 (41%) developed acute kidney injury, 180 (65%) had secondary infections, and 148 (52%) died within 90 days. Patients in the VIR-N1-Zero group had the least severe disease: 81 (54%) of 150 received IMV, 34 (23%) developed acute kidney injury, 47 (32%) had secondary infections, and 26 (17%) died within 90 days (OR for death 0·30, 95% CI 0·16–0·55; p<0·0001, compared with the VIR-N1-Storm group). 106 (26%) of 403 patients in the VIR-N1-Low group died within 90 days (OR for death 0·39, 95% CI 0·26–0·57; p[removed]11 página