Some three dimensional elasto-dynamic solutions of layered shells

Three dimensional solutions for natural frequencies and mode shapes of layered composite shells obtained by using the finite layer method, are presented in this paper. Higher order theories for laminated shells are discussed

India\u27s First Venture Relating to Subsurface Drainage by Horizontal Drains

Landslides in the Nilgiris district in 1978-79 1 caused heavy damages to property and human life. The field studies indicated that in certain spots, the build up of excess hydrostatic pressure, caused by direct and indirect ingress of water into the soil mantle, is the main cause for certain landslides in the region. The paper attempts to give the total case history relating to a pioneering venture of its kind towards the correction of landslides undertaken in India. The case history assumes special significance in as much as the horizontal drains successfully installed for the first time in this country, provided the needed ocular demonstration of the efficacy of horizontal drains to the practicing engineers in India

Control of Surficial Slides by Different Erosion Control Techniques

Many natural and embankment slopes fall due to the erosion of the top surficial soil mantle. Denudation of vegetation from soil slopes combined with the further steepening of slopes due to natural and man-made causes such as cuts result in such a type of failure. Essentially, the corrective measures appropriate for stabilizing these slopes comprise erosion control by establishing vegetation on the slope. The methods of vegetative turfing include asphalt mulch, coir/jute netting, geogrids and stone apron techniques. The paper sets forth the case history giving details of some of the relatively new techniques for erosion control on a hill road in India and evaluates the relative performance and the relative economics of these methods

Model simulation of tide-induced currents in Gauthami-Godavari estuary

Predictive spatial distribution of flow field has been simulated from the time series data on currents and tides during dry season (11-19, February, 2009) in the Gauthami-Godavari Estuary utilizing TIDAL model. A 2D-Tidal Estuarine model has been considered (instead of 3D model) due to well-mixed type system and its circulation is dominated by tides during the observational period. The model forcing functions consist of wind and tidal elevations along the open boundaries and no fresh water inflow from the main stream and no land flood in river system. The bathymetry data of the river basin has been collected and supplemented to the model as one of the rigid boundary conditions to evaluate integration. The bottom roughness length (K) was adjusted to achieve model calibration and verification in model simulations of flow field. The model simulation results are in qualitative agreement with the observational data with calibrated bottom roughness length which is about 0.085 m. Model results reveal that the majority of flow was found to be along the channel axis (i.e. high iso-bath contour). During flood time, flow is south-west direction and it is changed to northeast direction during ebb period which is indicating that the model results resemble flow in the real eastern system

Raman effect and chemical constitution: Influence of constitutive and other factors on the double bonds in organic compounds. Part III. Effect of the benzyl group on the C=O bond in esters

This article does not have an abstract

Raman effect and hydrogen bonds. Part V. Mixtures of acetic acid with ethers (Dioxan and Acetal)

This article does not have an abstract

Stock assessment of sciaenid resources of India

B e catches of Sew fishes decrensed froin 1'379 to 1980 and later increased in sages frum 1961 to 1984,1985 to 87 and 1988~089 . Gujantand Mahamshtra togehrwntribured 52%of zdal sdaenid calches along she wcsl coast. hi b.%h the states, the landings during tht: f~stfe w years showed an incmsing trend whercss during the remaining period, the catches and permrage eontnbuticn varied. Along the east coast dso i?r,e sciaenid landings showed annual fluctuations

Variability in stratification and flushing times of the Gautami–Godavari estuary, India

In order to examine the influence of forcing (river flow and tides) and anthropogenic activities (dredging and dam regulation) on stratification, a study was conducted over a period of 19 months (June 2008–December 2009) in the Gautami–Godavari estuary (G–GE) during spring and neap tide periods covering entire spectrum of discharge over a distance of 36 km from the mouth. The bathymetry of the estuary was recently changed due to dredging of ∼20 km of the estuary from the mouth for transportation of barges. This significantly changed the mean depth and salinity of the estuary from its earlier state. The variations in the distribution of salinity in the Godavari estuary are driven by river discharge during wet period (June–November) and tides during dry period (December–May). The weak stratification was observed during high discharge (July–August) and no discharge (January–June) periods associated with dominant fresh water and marine water respectively. The strong stratification was developed associated with decrease in discharge during moderate discharge period (October–December). Relatively stronger stratification was noticed during neap than spring tides. The 15 psu isohaline was observed to have migrated ∼2–3 km more towards upper estuary during spring than neap tide suggesting more salt enters during former than latter period. Total salt content was inversely correlated with river discharge and higher salt of about 400×106 m3 psu was observed during spring than neap tide. Flushing times varied between less than a day and more than a month during peak and no discharge periods respectively with lower times during spring than neap tide. The flushing times are controlled by river discharge during high discharge period, tides during dry period and both (river discharge and tides) under moderate discharge period. This study suggests that modification of discharge, either natural due to weak monsoon or artificial such as dam constructions and re-routing the river flow, may have significant impact on the stratification and biogeochemistry of the Godavari estuary

On polyhedral projection and parametric programming

Submitted versio

Linking Adult Reproduction and Larval Density of Invasive Carp in a Large River

Identifying how temporal variation in the environment affects reproductive success of invasive alien species will aid in predicting future establishment and tracking dynamics of established populations. Asian carp Hypophthalmichthys spp. have become a nuisance in recent years in the Mississippi River basin. Their populations are apparently expanding, indicating favorable conditions for reproduction. During 2004 and 2005, we quantified mean density of Asian carp larvae, mean monthly gonadosomatic index (GSI) of adult males and females, and number of eggs within mature females in the lower Illinois River, a major tributary of the Mississippi River. A flood (water velocity ≥ 0.7 m/s) and drought (\u3c0.2 m/s) occurred during apparent spawning in 2004 and 2005, respectively. During 2004, Asian carp larvae were found during 32% of sampling weeks; mean GSI and fecundity were relatively low for adults, probably reflecting partially spawned individuals and perhaps low reproductive investment. During the drought of 2005, larval stages were present during only one (5%) of the sampling weeks, whereas mean GSI and fecundity of adults were high through summer. Females resorbed their eggs instead of spawning during this year. Spawning conditions during low water periods appear to be unsuitable for Asian carps, inhibiting adult spawning and yielding few larvae. Spawning conditions during 2004 were better but still yielded low densities of larvae relative to native fishes. Reproduction in the lower Illinois River appears to be linked to river flow and its impact on adult spawning decisions, but conditions for strong year-class production (i.e., high larval densities) may be rarer than previously expected