Targeting novel antigens in the arterial wall in thromboangiitis obliterans.

Thromboangiitis obliterans is an inflammatory disease possibly resulting from cigarette smoking as a primary etiologic factor, perhaps as a delayed type of hypersensitivity or toxic angiitis. As little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease, we aimed to determine novel antigens that might be responsible from the local inflammatory reactions and structural changes observed in this disease. An indirect immunoperoxidase technique is used to examine the tissue samples obtained from the dorsalis pedis artery of affected individuals with twenty monoclonal antibodies. Among these several antigens which are not previously reported in TAO like CD34, CD44 and CD90 were determined in the tissue samples examined. On the other hand, many other antigens like cytokine/chemokine receptors, several enzymes and leukocyte/lymphocyte antigens were lacking giving some clues about the local pathological reactions. We briefly discussed our findings for several critical antigens those first described in the present work, possibly having roles in the development of the disease. Expression of the CD90/CD11c receptor/ligand pair seems to play an important role in mononuclear cell recruitment to the damage site. Vascular invasion of not only tunica intima but also the tunica media in affected vessels is clearly demonstrated using endothelial cell specific antigens

A New Approach to Blood Parameters in Dogs with Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Background: Some blood parameters have diagnostic and prognostic importance for the infections in human medicine. However, there is insufficient research regarding the importance of blood parameters and their correlations in veterinary medicine. Increased blood cell distribution width (RDW) and platelet activity can link with the important inflammatory markers. The main objective of the present study was the evaluation of the relationship among some important blood parameters namely RDW, platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), plateletcrit (PCT), their potential usage in the diagnosis and determination of the clinical severity in dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis.Materials, Methods & Results: In this study, the case records of 29 dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis were evaluated and the records of 10 healthy dogs were used as controls. The animals of the study group were presented at the Ondokuz Mayis University, Veterinary Internal Medicine Clinic. The complete blood count (CBC), which includes the total WBC, RBC, hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin concentration (Hgb), MCV, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), RDW, PLT, MPV, PCT, and PDW, was determined. Significant positive correlations between RDW and RBC, HCT, MCHC, PLT and PDW, and a negative correlation with MCV, were determined. PDW was positively correlated with the lymphocyte count, MCHC and RDW, and negatively correlated with PCT. PLT was negatively correlated with MCV and MPV and positively correlated with RBC and RDW. In addition, MPV was positively correlated with MCV and MCH, and negatively correlated with PLT. Furthermore, there were significant differences between the granulocyte, WBC, HCT, RDW and PDW values (P < 0.001) and monocyte count, Hgb and MCV (P < 0.05), of the study and control groups.Discussion: Acute hemorrhagic enteritis has various causes in dogs such as idiopathic hemorrhagic gastroenteritis and a number of viral, bacterial and parasitic agents. Hematological and biochemical parameters are not specific to enteric diseases, but these paremeters can provide clinically helpful information for differential diagnosis, response to treatment, and prognosis. In this frame, the evaluation of MCV and RDW in combination, and the determination of the mean red cell size and the extent of heterogeneity of the red cell population, can be especially useful to the diagnosis of different red blood cell disorders. In the present study, differences in RDW and MCV values were statistically significant between the study and control groups (P < 0.05). Increased RDW and decreased MCV can be good indicators of hemorragic diseases and in the present study, in addition to these findings, decreased Hgb and Hct confirmed anemia in dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis. The other key findings of this study were statistically significant relationships between RDW, PLT and PDW, which could be important indicators of inflammation in dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis. These parameters should be evaluated carefully in clinical cases of hemorrhagic enteritis. However, due to nature of retrospective studies, there were some limitations (the lack of another control group of dogs suffering from other hemorrhagic diseases) lack of serial measurements of the blood parameters and further studies should be carried out on dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis for a more detailed evaluation and confirmation of the findings of this study

Omentin and chemerin and their association with obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

WOS: 000336790400005PubMed ID: 24524360We aimed to investigate whether overweight/obesity is associated with omentin and chemerin. The study group consisted of 81 women with Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (41 lean, BMI25 kg/m(2)) and 61 healthy subjects (31 lean, BMI25 kg/m(2); control group). The clinical, endocrine, metabolic parameters, plasma omentin and chemerin levels were measured in patients and compared to control. In all subjects with PCOS (n = 80), serum chemerin levels were higher compared with those of the controls (n = 58) (7.71 +/- 1.78 ng/mL versus 6.94 +/- 0.82 ng/mL, p = 0.003). However, serum omentin levels were not significantly different between the PCOS subjects and the controls (1.55 +/- 0.43 ng/mL versus 1.69 +/- 0.37 ng/mL, p = 0.056). The mean chemerin concentrations were significantly elevated in the obese PCOS group compared with the obese control subjects (8.98 +/- 1.45 ng/mL versus 7.02 +/- 0.67 ng/mL, p = 0.000) and the nonobese PCOS group compared with the obese control subjects (6.57 +/- 1.17 ng/mL versus 7.02 +/- 0.67 ng/mL, p = 0.000). In conclusion, fat mass seems to be the main determinant factor of increased chemerin and decreased omentin in women with PCOS.Namik Kemal UniversityNamik Kemal UniversityThe contribution of all authors and project partners is acknowledged, along with the support of Namik Kemal University

Retained endochondral ossification of the distal ulnar growth plate in dogs

The aim of the study was an early diagnosis of bones with retained endochondral ossification through clinical and radiological examinations, in order to determine the factors causing the etiology of disease and to indicate necessary precautions to be taken in the prophylaxis of the resulting possible deformations. This study comprised of 51 dogs of different breeds, age and genders, brought to the clinic and complaining of gait abnormality or abnormal bone structure and which were subsequently diagnosed with retained endochondral ossification. Radiological examination indicated that while varying degrees of retained endochondral ossification were observed in the distal ulnar growth plates in all cases, retained endochondral ossification was present in the distal radial growth plate together with the ulna in one case and in all the growth plates in another case. It was established that 22 cases had left their mothers at an early age and been fed meat products and that 17 cases had received additional calcium and phosphorus in their diets. Following clinical and radiological examination, bilateral carpal valgus was diagnosed in 43 cases and bilateral carpal varus in 8 cases. Radius curvus deformation was also observed in cases where the condition had lasted for a long time. Ulnar ostectomy was performed in 18 cases diagnosed with retained endochondral ossification in the ulna and had not yet reached maturity. Seventeen cases in which the lesions were only in the beginning phase were treated by a change of diet. It was concluded that growth ceased temporarily in bones with retained endochondral ossification and that measures should be taken to avoid possible deformation, and, additionally, that feeding played a significant role in the etiology of the disease

Effect of Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle on changes in appetite-related hormones

There are limited studies available for appetite-related hormonal changes in bovine tuberculosis, therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the changes in appetite-related hormones (leptin, ghrelin, and nesfatin -1) of cattle with tuberculosis and to clarify their possible roles. A total of 30 cattle, comprising 15 clinically healthy cattle and 15 cattle infected with tuberculosis were enrolled in the study. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was performed by tuberculin skin test, and changes in the concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, nesfatin-1, lipid profile and muscular enzymes in cattle with tuberculosis were determined. It was found that nesfatin-1, ghrelin and muscular enzymes concentrations were higher in bovine infected with tuberculosis than in the healthy controls. On the other hand, leptin, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and total cholesterol levels were all lower in the tuberculosis group when compared to the control group. In this study, we detected serum nesfatin-1 concentrations for the first time in Mycobacterium bovis infection in addition to the other known appetite-related hormones. The data suggest that increased concentrations of nesfatin-1 may play a role in weight loss in bovine tuberculosis, but there is a need for further studies to determine its exact role in the etiopathogenesis of bovine tuberculosis

Attenuation of Bleomycin Induced Lung Fibrosis By Erdosteine and Inhibition of the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rats

WOS: 000209838201124[No abstract available

Attenuation of bleomycin induced lung fibrosis by erdosteine and inhibition of the inducible nitric oxide synthase

PubMed: 25869570Background and objectives: Despite advances in treatment modalities, the discovery of optimal medical therapies still remains a necessity in the management of pulmonary fibrosis. Material and methods: The experiments were performed in 35 adult Sprague Dawley rats, randomly allotted into one of five groups (n=7). The control group was treated with 1 ml/kg, 0.9 % saline; the BLM group was given a single dose of BLM (2.5 U/kg); the BLM+ER group was treated with ER (10 mg/kg/day po) for 14 days after BLM administration; the BLM+SMT group was treated with i.p injections of SMT (20 mg/kg/ day) for 14 days after BLM administration; the BLM+ER+SMT group was treated with ER and SMT for 14 days after BLM administration. At the end of day 14, the results of histopathological, biochemical, and immunohistochemical investigations were analyzed. Results: Serum TNF-?, nitrate/nitrite, and TBARS levels significantly increased in BLM group compared to control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively). Lung tissue content of IL-6 was found to be lower in BLM+ER, BLM+SMT and BLM+ER+SMT groups compared to BLM group by immunhistochemical examinations (p < 0.01, p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively). Similarly, the TNF-? reactions (p < 0.01 for each group) and NF-?B expressions were shown to be significantly different among the study groups (p < 0.05, p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: Based on our study, ER and SMT attenuate BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis; the combination of two agents has a greater protective efficacy against fibrosis than one alone, reducing the inflammatory markers (Tab. 2, Fig. 2, Ref. 31). Text in PDF www.elis.sk

Case report: a rare cause of respiratory distress in a paediatric emergency department patient

A 5-month-old boy presented with respiratory distress. Computed tomography revealed a cystic mass in the right upper thorax compressing on the trachea. The mass was removed surgically and proven histologically to be an enteric cyst