Fixed points of multivalued nonlinear F-contractions on complete metric spaces

We introduce a new concept for multivalued maps, also called multivalued nonlinear F-contraction, and give a fixed point result. Our result is a proper generalization of some recent fixed point theorems including the famous theorem of Klim and Wardowski [D. Klim, D. Wardowski, Fixed point theorems for set-valued contractions in complete metric spaces, J. Math. Anal. Appl., 334(1):132–139, 2007]

EVALUATION OF THE TEACHING ENVIRONMENT FOR IMPROVE THE GEOMETRIC HABITS OF MIND OF TENTH GRADE STUDENTS

Geometry is one of the branches of mathematics that we use in many areas of our daily life, perhaps without noticing. For this reason, individuals are geometric thinkers not only in geometry classes; but also in different areas of life. In that case, it is necessary for the individual to acquire geometric habits of mind. The purpose of this study was to introduce the effectiveness of a teaching environment designed for improving the geometric habits of mind of high school students. This research method was designed as a quasi-experimental design. The working group of the study was consisted of 62 students, 31 of which were experimental and 31 of which were control groups. While the experimental group was provided with a teaching environment for improving the geometric habits of mind, multiple choice questions were solved with the control group students. The research data were gathered by pre-test, post-test and permanence test problems developed by the researcher. In the result of the study, it was showed that the designed teaching environment is effective in improving the geometric habits of mind and the permanence of habits. That is, it was determined that there is a significant difference in improving of geometric habits of mind and the persistence of these habits in favor of the experimental group.  Article visualizations

Effects of land-use regime on soil erodibility indices and soil properties in Unye, Turkey

We evaluated the effects of land-use regime on soil erodibility indices and several soil properties in forested, deforested, and cultivated areas in the village of Unye, Turkey. Twelve sample plots (spaced 150 m apart) with northern aspects were established in each land-use regime, and samples were taken at soil depths of 0–20, 20–50, and 50– 80 cm. Soil organic matter (SOM), soil reaction (pH), total lime (CaCO3), texture (sand, silt, and clay), dispersion ratio (DR), erosion ratio (ER), colloid-moisture equivalent ratio (C-MER), structural stability index (SSI), field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), and available water capacity (AWC) were analyzed. The average (of the three soil depths) AWC, FC, and WP values were not affected by the site, although site, soil depth, or both significantly affected other analyzed soil variables. Deforestation and subsequent tillage practices resulted in an almost 20% decrease in clay content, a 33% decrease in SOM, a 15% decrease in AWC, a 51% decrease in total CaCO3, a 24% decrease in SSI, a 60% increase in DR, and a 98% increase in ER relative to undisturbed forest soil. At cultivated and forested sites, the ER and DR increased with increasing soil depth. At deforested sites, ER and DR were lowest at 50–80 cm. SOM was the highest at 0–20 cm in the forested sites. Decreasing SOM, clay content, and SSI, as well as increasing DR and ER were outcomes of deforestation. These results indicate that the conversion of forest into cropland deteriorates some soil properties, especially SOM and SSI, and alters the stability of soil aggregates, thus increasing the susceptibility of deforested sites to erosion

Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants, Clinical Use, Real-World Data, and Reversal of Anticoagulant Effect

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice and is associated with a higher risk of thromboembolic events. CHA2DS2VASc score enables identification of those patients with AF who will most benefit from anticoagulation therapy and low-risk patients with AF who do not need any antithrombotic therapy. Antithrombotic drugs especially oral anticoagulants (OACs) are the mainstay of therapy to prevent stroke in patients with AF. Although vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) were the only available drugs for decades, numerous non–vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have been developed and marketed for stroke prevention in recent years. The risk of stroke was reported to decline up to 68 % with OAC therapy, associated with good anticoagulation control with VKAs, assessed by time in therapeutic range (TTR). In low TTR values, VKAs were found to be associated with severe complications, and a minimum TTR of 58 % should be achieved to expect a net benefit from being on OAC therapy. Narrow therapeutic index, drug-drug interactions, and the need for close monitoring are the main disadvantages of VKAs, and management of patients have dramatically improved after the introduction of NOACs. NOACs have a more predictable anticoagulant affect which allows a fixed-dose regimen. The efficacy and safety of NOACs have been shown not only in large randomized controlled clinical trials but also in observational studies. The main advantages of NOACS such as “fixed-dose regimen” and “no need for regular anticoagulant therapy monitoring” may also be the Achilles heel of the use of these agents. Fixed-dose regimen may not be appropriate for elderly, for patients with chronic kidney disease, and for patients using interacting drugs. Adherence to NOAC therapy is another concern as it may be as low as 50 % in the chronic use of cardiovascular drugs, especially if the drug has no apparent affect to the patient. Thus, appropriate use of OACs among non-valvular AF (NVAF) patients is essential for stroke prophylaxis. We intended to review the use of OAC therapy among (NVAF) patients

Matematik Okuryazarlığı Soru Yazma Süreç ve Becerilerinin Gelişimi

This study aimed to evaluate an instructional activity designed for providing preservice teachers with the mathematical literacy questions choosing and writing skills. The study was conducted with the mathematics group students of the pedagogical formation program. The data for creating the content of the instruction was obtained from the PISA applications and the related literature. The data for developing the instruction was obtained from the video recordings of the classes during the application process and the data for evaluating the instruction was obtained from the pretests and posttests, observations and interviews. The research findings showed that the preservice teachers were interested in the subject and actively participated in the instructional process. It was observed at the end of the applications that preservice teachers’ levels of mathematical literacy awareness increased and their skills of question choosing and writing in the field improved. Furthermore, it was concluded that there were opportunities and challenges confronted by the preservice teachers in the process of question writing. It was accordingly decided that life experiences, topics of limitation or exemplifications through representations such as pictures and videos proved to be opportunities for the preservice teachers. It was recommended that the instruction within the scope of the study would be enhanced and included in the undergraduate programs.Bu çalışma, öğretmen adaylarına matematik okuryazarlığı sorusu seçme ve yazma becerilerini kazandırma amacı ile tasarlanan bir öğretim faaliyetinin değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma pedagojik formasyon programı matematik grubu öğrencileri ile yürütülmüştür. Öğretimin içeriğinin oluşturulmasına ilişkin veriler PISA uygulamaları ve ilgili literatürden elde edilmiştir. Öğretimin geliştirilmesine ilişkin veriler uygulama sürecinde yapılan derslerde alınan video kayıtlarından, öğretimin değerlendirilmesine ilişkin veriler ön ve son testlerden, gözlem ve mülâkatlardan elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen araştırma bulguları öğretmen adaylarının konuya ilgi duyduklarını ve öğretim sürecine aktif olarak katıldıklarını göstermiştir. Uygulamaların sonunda, öğretmen adaylarının matematik okuryazarlığı farkındalık düzeylerinin arttığı, bu alanda soru seçme ve yazma becerilerinin geliştiği gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, araştırma kapsamında öğretmen adaylarının soru yazma sürecinde karşılaştıkları fırsatlara ve güçlüklere ilişkin sonuçlara da ulaşılmıştır. Bunlara göre soru yazma sürecinde, yaşanmış olaylar, sınırlılık arz eden konu başlıkları veya resim, video gibi temsiller üzerinden örneklemeler yapılmasının öğretmen adayları için fırsat olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışma kapsamındaki öğretimin zenginleştirilerek lisans programlarında yerini alması önerilmiştir

Relationships between site index and some edaphic and physographic factors of pure oriental spruce (picea orientalis link.) in Artvin Genya Mountain

Bu araştırma Artvin Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü, Artvin Orman İşletme Müdürlüğü, Merkez İşletme Şefliği sınırları içerisindeki Genya Dağı bölgesinde yayılış gösteren saf Doğu Ladini meşcerelerinde bonitet endeksi ile bazı edafik ve fizyografik özellikler arasındaki ilişkilerin saptanabilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaçla Genya Dağı bölgesinde saf olarak yayılış gösteren Doğu Ladini meşcerelerinden 50 tane deneme alanı seçilmiş, her bir deneme alanına ilişkin fizyografik ve edafik özellikler belirlenmiştir. Toprağa ilişkin özelliklerin belirlenebilmesi için toprak profilleri açılmış ve örnekler alınmıştır. Ayrıca her bir deneme alanında meşcerelerin bonitet endeksi (100 yaşındaki üst boy) belirlenmiştir. Meşcere bonitet endeksi ile edafik ve fizyografik faktörler arasındaki ilişkiler korelasyon analizi ile sorgulanmıştır. Bu ekolojik etmenlerden eğim, fizyolojik toprak derinliği, mutlak toprak derinliği, Ah ve B horizonundaki kil ve kum miktarıları (%) ile bonitet endeksi arasında önemli ve anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuşturThe aim of this study is to explain relationships between site index and some edaphic and physiographic factors of pure oriental spruce (Picea orientalis Link.) in Genya mountain located in central Management district in Artvin State Forest Enterprise. In order to do this study, the fifty sample plots were selected from oriental pure spruce stands in Genya Mountain. Edaphic and physiographic factors in each sample plots were determined. The soil profiles were digged to determine some attributes relating to soil. Also site index of each plots were determined using average height of dominant and co-dominant trees at reference age at 100. The relationships between site index and edaphic and physiographic factors were investigated using correlation analysis Among these ecological factors; slope, physical soil depth, absolute soil depth, the amount of silt and clay in Ah and B Stratus shows significant relations with site index

Morphometric and morphologic evaluation of the mental foramen in relation to age and sex: an anatomic cone beam computed tomography study

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the vertical and horizontal position, angle, and diameter of the mental foramen (MF) according to sex and age by cone beam computed tomography in a Turkish patient population. Methods: Cone beam computed tomography records of 192 consecutive patients consisting of 106 women and 86 men were examined, retrospectively. The vertical and horizontal positions of MF, angle and diameter of MF, and distance from MF to the alveolar crest and the base of the mandible were evaluated with respect to sex and age groups. Results: There were statistically significant differences in the distance of MF to the alveolar crest according to age groups. When we compared the right and left sides, we have only found out statistically significant differences in the angles of MF and that it was higher in the left side. Conclusions: From our results, the detection of the position of MF can provide detailed information for preoperative treatment planning (for surgery and dental implant surgery procedures), especially in the mandibular premolar region