Language is the Main Instrument of Spiritual Life

The article talks about language - a means of communication Language reflects the spiritual world of man The similarity of languages proves that all languages originated from one root i e the languages of the world are related to each other the article describes the language as a means of communication the similarity of many languages the importance of studying international languages et

Three Horizons for Future Geoscience

Geoscience, along with other scientific disciplines, is being increasingly challenged on how it can best confront key global challenges, such as climate change, food insecurity, biodiversity loss, human conflict and migration, and persistent poverty. But its traditional association with exploitation of the planet’s natural resources for energy and materials links it with contemporary concerns around unsustainable human practices, arguably fueling a growing disenchantment that is most evident in declining enrollment in university geoscience courses in many countries. Therefore, a fresh re-framing of the geoscience’s relationship to society would seem to be urgently needed. In response to this need, we introduce the “Three Horizons” concept for visualizing paradigm change in complex systems as a tool to explore how the future global geoscientific mission might be re-imagined. Using this conceptual framework, we consider three parallel pathways – “business as usual” (horizon 1), “entrepreneurial” (horizon 2) and “visionary” (horizon 3)—that offer alternative narrative trajectories for how geoscience and geoscientists might serve society’s grand challenges

Nosocomial Infection Prevention Through Universal Precaution in YOGYAKARTA Muhammadiyah Hospital

Prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals can be done through the implementation of universal precaution program or action asepsis and antisepsis tapping. These actions undertaken by health workers, both nurses and physicians, universal precaution measures include: hand washing, use of gloves, use aseptic liquid, processing of used equipment and waste disposal. The purpose of this study to determine the prevention of nosocomial infections in hospitals through universal precautions in hospitals Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta area. Design of this research is descriptive qualitative case study approach. Collecting data used techniques focus group discussions. Data analyzed using content analysis. The application of universal precautions in hospitals throughout Yogyakarta PKU show that health workers have attempted to implement universal precautions including hand washing action on the water flow, perform hand hygiene, and always tries to wear personal protective equipment. Nurses knowledge about nosocomial infections has been well and for prevention need to implement universal precautions. The attitude of nurses in implementing universal precautions have been good, to the extent responsible. Most hospitals have had the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution well, and partly still exist limitations in the availability of facilities and support the implementation of universal precaution

PHYTOCHEMICAL STUDY OF THE ARIAL PARTS OF Cleome rutidosperma DC PLANT

ABSTRACT . Two new compounds were identified as 2-ethyl-cyclohex-2-ene-6-hydroxy-methylene-1-carboxylic acid and 3{3- hydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oicacid, respectively, from the petroleum ether extracts of Cleome rutidosperma plant. These two constituents is the first time occurrence in this plant. The structures of the two different type of compounds are elucidated with the help of UV, IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR,COSY, DEPT 90, DEPT 135 and mass spectral data. Keywords: Cleome rutidosperm DCisolationspectral analysi

Field-aged phosphate impacts on glyphosate and phosphorus sorption patterns in two prairie soils

Non-Peer ReviewedThis research measured field-aged phosphate concentrations in sandy clay-loam, clay-loam soils and utilized samples in batch equilibrium studies to quantify adsorption maximum of phosphate and glyphosate retention. Soil samples were collected in 2013 from two research sites that had received annual applications of mono ammonium phosphate at different rates from 2002 to 2009. The effect of fresh phosphate addition on glyphosate sorption in soil was also determined. Measured parameters were the glyphosate sorption distribution constant, Kd, as well as the Langmuir adsorption constants, b (phosphorus adsorption maximum), and k (affinity constant). Glyphosate Kd values significantly decreased with increasing phosphate level in soils, regardless of the background liquid (CaCl2 and KCl) used in the batch equilibrium experiment. Applications of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the laboratory with glyphosate reduced the available sorption sites to retain glyphosate in soil. Field-aged phosphate did not significantly influence the adsorption maximum (b), but b was significantly higher with CaCl2 than KCl as background liquid. The affinity constant was significantly greater in soils with lower field-aged phosphate concentrations, suggesting that these soils had more readily-available sorption sites for phosphate than soils with higher phosphate concentrations

Teacher-Researchers’ Reflective Narratives on Their Experiences at the Language Center Research Committee, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman

The current study reports on findings of using self-narrations by three teacher-researchers, (two of whom are the authors and the narrative inquirers of this study) to reflect on an English as a Foreign Language -based research experience in a newly established Research Committee (RC) in their work place. Narrative frame tool in the form of sentence starters has been utilized to guide the narration and generate data from the three teachers’ previously lived research experiences in the Committee. It is worth noting here that these three teachers had been working and actively engaging in research work before they had their memberships in the RC. Findings of this study are hoped to be significant and useful in learning about and highlighting the expectations of these three teacher-researchers of the research committee work, their learning experiences about research, their challenges and how they defeated them plus their future inspirations. Further, reflecting on these findings can also help the trio with their professional development and growth as well as the ones of their colleagues at the Centre for Preparatory Studies (CPS) that was formerly known as the Language Centre (LC) at the time of their memberships. The study concludes with some pedagogical and practical implications regarding the experience of reflection, narration and learning research

Effect of phosphorus and cadmium levels on glyphosate sorption

Non-Peer Reviewe

Momentum return: is it a compensation for risk?

This thesis examines if momentum returns are compensation for risk. Using a sample period from 1926 through 2006 for all stocks listed in the NYSE, AMEX and NASDAQ we provide a comprehensive analysis of momentum returns both at the portfolio and at the individual stock level, by using firm level and macro level risk factors and by employing contemporaneous and lagged values of risk factors. The study employs an alternative momentum strategy, measures the relative contribution of risks factor that generates momentum returns and establishes a link between momentum returns, uncertainty and credit ratings. We report raw momentum returns of 0.8 percent per month (9.6 percent per annum) when returns are measured using the conventional methodology at the portfolio level. Momentum returns are predominantly high and earn more than 1 percent per month during the post-1950s compared to its counterpart in the pre-1950s. The study reports that when measured at the portfolio level momentum returns cannot be explained by risk factors. We document momentum returns of up to 0.01 percent per month (0.12 percent per annum) after Fama-French three factors, Carhart four factors and macroeconomic risk factors are priced for. The results are robust when the lagged values of these risk factors are employed. We further document momentum returns of 0.16 percent per month (1.92 percent per annum) when transaction cost is taken into account. When measured at the individual stock level momentum returns cannot be explained by Fama-French three factors and contemporaneous values of macroeconomic risk factors. Unexplained returns are observed up to 0.45 percent per month (5.4 percent per annum) when Fama-French three factors are used. Unexplained returns up to 0.15 percent per month (1.8 percent per annum) are observed when contemporaneous values of macroeconomic risk factors are used. However, when the lagged values of macroeconomic risk factors are used, momentum returns disappear. We decompose momentum returns to measure the relative contribution of the risk factors and the unexplained portion of momentum returns. At the portfolio level, decomposition shows that less than 10 percent of the contribution is from Fama-French three factors and less than 20 percent of the contribution is from macroeconomic risk factors. Unexplained portion contributes the remaining 90 percent and 80 percent, respectively. At the individual stock level, decomposition shows that contribution of both Fama-French three factors and macroeconomic risk factors increases up to 47 percent and 59 percent, respectively; unexplained portion contributes the remaining 63 percent and 41 percent, respectively. When lagged values are used the contribution of risk factors increases up to 68 percent. Finally, we consider uncertainty at the firm level and the macro-economic risk level by measuring momentum returns of credit rated stocks. We observe momentum returns of 1.22 percent per month (14.64 percent per annum) in credit rated stocks. Among the credit rated stocks momentum returns are mainly earned by speculative grade stocks and during contractions. Momentum returns of about 2 percent per month (23 percent per annum) are observed in speculative grade stock and they are more pronounced of up to 4.99 percent per month (59.88 percent per annum) during contractions. However, momentum returns of speculative grade stocks disappear when controlled for macroeconomic risk factors. We show that momentum is quite persistent when measured at the portfolio level by using the conventional approach and at the individual stock level when using an alternative approach. Momentum returns cannot be explained by Fama-French three factors and contemporaneous values of macroeconomic risk factors. However, only at the individual stock level, lagged values of macroeconomic risk can explain momentum returns. When we decompose momentum returns into explained and unexplained components, we provide support to the above findings that the contribution of macroeconomic risk factors is the highest when measured at the individual stock level. Momentum are reactions of the investors’ to high uncertainty, when uncertainty is measured at the firm level or at the macro level by measuring returns of credit rated stocks. Momentum returns are investors’ reaction due to increased business risk of stocks or due to increased macroeconomic risk during downturns. It can be concluded that at the portfolio level momentum returns remain when risk factors are price for and at the individual stock level momentum returns diminishes though they do not disappear entirely when risk factors are controlled for. When momentum returns are decomposed at the portfolio level unexplained risk factors contributes the most and at the individual stock level contribution of risk factors increases among which the contribution of macroeconomic risk factors increases the most. Momentum returns could be a compensation for uncertainty at the firm level as it concentrates mostly on Speculative Grade rated stocks with more pronounced effect during contraction. Momentum returns disappear when macroeconomic risk factors are priced