4,111 research outputs found
Nonlinear magnetization dynamics of antiferromagnetic spin resonance induced by intense terahertz magnetic field
We report on the nonlinear magnetization dynamics of a HoFeO3 crystal induced
by a strong terahertz magnetic field resonantly enhanced with a split ring
resonator and measured with magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy. The
terahertz magnetic field induces a large change (~40%) in the spontaneous
magnetization. The frequency of the antiferromagnetic resonance decreases in
proportion to the square of the magnetization change. A modified
Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation with a phenomenological nonlinear damping term
quantitatively reproduced the nonlinear dynamics
Hypoxic training increases maximal oxygen consumption in Thoroughbred horses well-trained in normoxia.
Hypoxic training is effective for improving athletic performance in humans. It increases maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max) more than normoxic training in untrained horses. However, the effects of hypoxic training on well-trained horses are unclear. We measured the effects of hypoxic training on V̇O2max of 5 well-trained horses in which V̇O2max had not increased over 3 consecutive weeks of supramaximal treadmill training in normoxia which was performed twice a week. The horses trained with hypoxia (15% inspired O2) twice a week. Cardiorespiratory valuables were analyzed with analysis of variance between before and after 3 weeks of hypoxic training. Mass-specific V̇O2max increased after 3 weeks of hypoxic training (178 ± 10 vs. 194 ± 12.3 ml O2 (STPD)/(kg × min), P<0.05) even though all-out training in normoxia had not increased V̇O2max. Absolute V̇O2max also increased after hypoxic training (86.6 ± 6.2 vs. 93.6 ± 6.6 l O2 (STPD)/min, P<0.05). Total running distance after hypoxic training increased 12% compared to that before hypoxic training; however, the difference was not significant. There were no significant differences between pre- and post-hypoxic training for end-run plasma lactate concentrations or packed cell volumes. Hypoxic training may increase V̇O2max even though it is not increased by normoxic training in well-trained horses, at least for the durations of time evaluated in this study. Training while breathing hypoxic gas may have the potential to enhance normoxic performance of Thoroughbred horses
Mutual phase locking of a coupled laser diode-Gunn diode pair
Mutual phase locking has been achieved through series connection of a semiconductor laser and a Gunn diode oscillator. Experimental results obtained demonstrate a mutual interaction between the two oscillators which results in a short term Gunn diode oscillator stability and improved spectral purity of its output. We also observe a narrowing of laser pulses and an improvement in regularity
The X-ray Properties of M101 ULX-1 = CXOKM101 J140332.74+542102
We report our analysis of X-ray data on M101 ULX-1, concentrating on high
state Chandra and XMM-Newton observations. We find that the high state of M101
ULX-1 may have a preferred recurrence timescale. If so, the underlying clock
may have periods around 160 or 190 days, or possibly around 45 days. Its
short-term variations resemble those of X-ray binaries at high accretion rate.
If this analogy is correct, we infer that the accretor is a 20-40 Msun object.
This is consistent with our spectral analysis of the high state spectra of M101
ULX-1, from which we find no evidence for an extreme (> 10^40 ergs/s)
luminosity. We present our interpretation in the framework of a high mass X-ray
binary system consisting of a B supergiant mass donor and a large stellar-mass
black hole.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Initial POLAR MFE observation of substorm signatures in the polar magnetosphere
This paper studies substorm influences in the polar magnetosphere using data from the POLAR magnetic field experiment (MFE). The POLAR spacecraft remains in the high altitude polar magnetosphere for extended periods around apogee. There it can stay at nearly constant altitude through all phases of a substorm, which was not possible on previous missions. We report such an event on March 28, 1996. Ground magnetometers monitored substorm activity, while the POLAR spacecraft, directly over the pole at (−0.8, −0.6, 8.5) RE in GSM coordinates, observed a corresponding perturbation in the total magnetic field strength. The total magnetic field first increased, then recovered toward quiet levels, consistent with erosion of magnetic flux from the dayside magnetosphere, followed by transport of that flux to the magnetotail, and eventual onset of tail reconnection and the return of that magnetic flux to the dayside magnetosphere
An XMM-Newton observation of the nova-like variable UX UMa: spatially and spectrally resolved two-component X-ray emission
In the optical and ultraviolet regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, UX
Ursae Majoris is a deeply eclipsing cataclysmic variable. However, no soft
X-ray eclipse was detected in ROSAT observations. We have obtained a 38 ksec
XMM-Newton observation to further constrain the origin of the X-rays. The
combination of spectral and timing information allows us to identify two
components in the X-ray emission of the system. The soft component, dominant
below photon energies of 2 keV, can be fitted with a multi-temperature plasma
model and is uneclipsed. The hard component, dominant above 3 keV, can be
fitted with a kT ~ 5 keV plasma model and appears to be deeply eclipsed. We
suggest that the most likely source of the hard X-ray emission in UX UMa, and
other systems in high mass transfer states, is the boundary layer.Comment: To appear in MNRAS Letter
Detection of regional scale sea-to-air oxygen emission related to spring bloom near Japan by using in-situ measurements of atmospheric oxygen/nitrogen ratio
International audienceWe have been carrying out in-situ monitoring of atmospheric O2/N2 ratio at Cape Ochi-ishi (COI; 43°10´ N, 145°30´ E) in the northern part of Japan since March 2005 by using a modified gas chromatography/thermal conductivity detector (GC/TCD). The standard deviation of the O2/N2 ratio is estimated to be about ±14 per meg (?3 ppm) with intervals of 10 min. Thus, the in-situ measurement system has a 1? precision of ±6 per meg ((?1.2 ppm) for one-hour mean O2/N2 ratio. Atmospheric potential oxygen (APO ?O2+1.1CO2), which is conserved with respect to terrestrial photosynthesis and respiration but reflects changes in air-sea O2 and CO2 fluxes, shows large variabilities from April to early July 2005. Distribution of satellite-derived marine primary production indicates occurrences of strong bloom in the Japan Sea in April and in the Okhotsk Sea and the western North Pacific near Hokkaido Island in June. Back trajectory analysis of air masses indicates that high values of APO, which last for several hours or several days, can be attributed to the oxygen emission associated with the spring bloom of active primary production
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