A Literature survey on Information Literacy and Public Libraries in Pakistan

In today\u27s technological world, information literacy has become essential, which involves the effective and ethical identification, access, evaluation, and utilization of information. Public libraries are significant contributors to the promotion of information literacy, especially in developing countries such as Pakistan, where information access is limited. The aim of study is to identify effects and role of information literacy in public libraries of Pakistan, identify the issues and challenges faced by libraries, and propose recommendations assess in the improvisation of in literacy programs. This study based on, primary, secondary and tertiary data and information was collected from different information sources such as research article, websites, books, e-journals etc. The outcomes of the research are Public libraries in Pakistan do not offer standardized information literacy programs. Students are the main users of public libraries in Pakistan, followed by instructors and researchers. The majority of Pakistani public libraries have modest digital resource holdings. Pakistan\u27s public libraries are not effectively utilizing technology to advance information literacy. Basic computer skills and information searches are the main topics covered in Pakistani public libraries\u27 information literacy programs. There is a need to create more thorough information literacy courses that encompass research techniques, critical thinking, and online behavior. Promoting information literacy in Pakistan is significantly hampered by the absence of skilled workers in public libraries. To increase information literacy, public libraries in Pakistan must work with schools and universities. Furthermore these findings may prove helpful in promoting information literacy programs in Pakistan\u27s public libraries. Furthermore, the suggestions could help policymakers, library professionals, and educators in creating and implementing effective strategies that cater to the diverse population of Pakistan

Factors Affecting job satisfaction of employees in Pakistani banking sector

The job satisfaction has got tremendous attention in organizational research. The focus of this study is to determine the impact of various human resource management practices like job autonomy, team work environment and leadership behavior on job satisfaction. It also investigates the major determinants of job satisfaction in Pakistani banking sector. This study further evaluates the level of difference in job satisfaction among male and female employees. The sample of the study consisted of 450 employees working in different banks of Rawalpindi, Islamabad and Lahore through the questionnaire, of which 295 were returned and processed. SPSS was used to analyze the data, using Independent Sample T Test, Correlation and regression analysis. There is a positive and significant link between job satisfaction and human recourse management practices like team work environment, job autonomy and behavior of leadership. From the findings of the study, it is also inferred that male and female workers have significantly different level of job satisfaction.Human resource management practices, job satisfaction, employees, banking sector

Hyperammonemia of unknown cause in a young postpartum woman: A case report

Background: Hyperammonemia is a medical condition described as increased or elevated serum ammonia levels. High serum levels of ammonia can cause neurotoxicity. Sudden onset severe hyperammonemia may cause severe encephalopathy with brain damage. It can result in cerebral edema, emesis, seizures, hypotonia, and death. We report a young postpartum woman who had a sudden rise in serum ammonia levels after vaginal delivery. Case presentation: A 24-year-old, married, postpartum Pakistani woman was admitted to the intensive care unit through the emergency department, with complaints of fever, severe abdominal pain with distension, and altered levels of consciousness. The patient had a medical history of spontaneous vaginal delivery 2 weeks before this hospital admission, after which she gradually developed the above symptoms. However, the patient\u27s past medical history was unremarkable with no hepatic disease, but her investigations revealed a progressive rise in serum ammonia levels. In the intensive care unit, she developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures. This was followed by a coma, tonsillar herniation, and death. Conclusion: Postpartum hyperammonemia is a rare entity. It is a critical illness and must be evaluated for underlying metabolic disorders. Early diagnosis and treatment may result in better outcomes and reduced mortality among postpartum women with hyperammonemi

Synthesis of Functionalized Homophthalates, Salicylates, Diaryl Ethers and Dihydroisocoumarins based on Cyclocondensation Reactions of 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds and 1,3-Bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes

Regioselective cyclocondensation reactions of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with different mono(silyl enol ethers) provide an elegant approach for the synthesis of various complex carba- and heterocycles from simple starting materials. Salicylates, diarylethers, resorcins and 3-aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins are prepared based on regioselective [3+3] cyclocondensation reactions of 1,3-bis(silyl enol ethers) with 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane, 2-aryloxy-3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-ones, 3,3-dimethoxypentanoyl chloride and 1-hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-ones respectively. In addition, 4,5-diaryl-1,2,3-benzenetricarboxylates are prepared by reaction of 4-hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-one-2-carboxylates with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. In addition, 1-(2,2-dimethoxyethyl)-1,2,3-triazoles are prepared by regioselective copper(I)-catalyzed [3+2] cyclization of 2-azido-2,2-dimethoxyethane with alkynes.Regioselektive Cyclokondensationsreaktionen von 1,3-Bis(silylenolethern) mit unterschiedlichen Mono(silylenolethern) ermöglichen einen eleganten Zugang zu vielen komplexen Carba- und Heterocyclen ausgehend von einfachen Startmaterialien. Salicylate, Diarylether, Resorcine und 3-Aryl-3,4-dihydroisocoumarine wurden basierend auf regioselektiven [3+3] Cyclokondensationen von 1,3-Bis(silylenolethern) mit 1,1,3,3-Tetramethoxypropan, 2-Aryloxy-3-(silyloxy)alk-2-en-1-onen, 3,3-Dimethoxypentanoylchloriden und 1-Hydroxy-5-silyloxy-4-en-3-onen hergestellt. Außerdem wurden 4,5-Diaryl-1,2,3-benzentricarboxylate durch Reaktion von 4-Hydroxycyclopent-2-en-1-on-2-carboxylaten mit Dimethylacetylendicarboxylat hergestellt. 1-(2,2-Dimethoxyethyl)-1,2,3-triazole wurden durch regioselektive Kupfer(I)-katalysierte [3+2] Cyclisierung von 2-Azido-2,2-dimethoxyethan mit Alkinen erhalten

Comparing Methods and Finding H. pylori Infections and their Resistance to Beta Lactam Drugs as Seen in Peshawar, Pakistan

The aims of this study were to find and report pattern of resistance towards beta lactam antibiotics in patients infected with H. pylori by visiting Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC). Diagnostic procedures like: gastroendoscopy, Rapid Urease Test (RUT), biochemical testing, microscopic examination, antibacterial sensitivity tests and molecular methods were utilized and compared. Polymerase chain reaction was used to find 16S rRNA gene fragment. Hundred forty-four patients were found H. pylori positive for urease and 182 were positive for catalase. Hundred and thirty-two were positive for oxidase while hundred eighty were Gram negative. By polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene fragment was found to be positive in 164 subjects. The pattern of antibiotics resistance in H. pylori as seen in Peshawar, Pakistan in 200 gastric biopsies. A poorer resistance level towards amoxicillin is noticeable as due to low socioeconomic conditions

CONCEPTUALISING THE ROLE OF INDIA IN NORTH KOREA`S DENUCLEARISATION

The US and its allies perceive North Korea's acquisition of nuclear weapons as a significant strategic challenge in the region. Diplomatic efforts have been made to persuade the Kim regime to abandon its nuclear programme, but they have failed. The DPRK considers nuclear weapons capability vital for deterrence against external threats and strategically crucial for national defence. India, a key US ally in containing China, has taken a stiffer stance towards Pyongyang's nuclear programme while enhancing its role in contributing to North Korea's denuclearisation. It represents itself as a staunch opponent of nuclear proliferation and the development of sophisticated weapons. This paper explores India's role in North Korea's perceived denuclearisation. It highlights that India has adopted a dual-standard approach to nuclear proliferation and sophisticated weapons and is also trying to create a technological nexus between Pakistan and North Korea, allegedly to achieve strategic ambitions in South Asia and assert pressure on Pakistan with the help of the US and its Western allies.   Bibliography Entry Kakar, Sher Ali and Muhammad Adil Khan. 2023. "Conceptualising the Role of India in North Korea’s Denuclearisation." Margalla Papers 27 (1): 166-175