Optimal economic and emission dispatch of photovoltaic integrated power system using firefly algorithm

The main purpose of Economic Load Dispatch (ELD) is to determine the optimal output of generating units to meet the power demand at lowest possible cost and subjected to the operational constraints. Various ELD optimization methods have been developed in order to deal with the challenges of continuous and sustainable power at optimal cost. The deficiency of fossil fuel reserve and rapid increase of fuel prices to generate electricity has encouraged the use of Renewable Energy (RE). Furthermore, concerns over environmental pollution also become a factor to incorporate the RE and fossil fuel in generating electricity. This project propose the Firefly Algorithm (FA) to solve Economic and Emission Load Dispatch (EELD) problems that consists of photovoltaic systems. The FA algorithm is used to determine the optimal cost and emission levels of power generation. The test case considered in this project is Static Combined Economic and Emission Dispatch (SCEED) that been simulated for each hour. The test system with 6 units of thermal generator and 13 units of PV generator are used to optimize SCEED problem by using FA. The Weight Sum Method (WSM) approach is used to determine the best compromise solution among the cost and emission. It found that FA can provide the fast convergence in finding the global minima value. It can be concluded that FA can solve the problem of economic and emission dispatch accurately

Model Pengembangan Ilmu Ekonomi Islam

Economics as a science that deals with human behavior, will always develop according to the will of man himself. Thus, the need for establishing economic law that is following sharia and the real world that humans need, demands the need for continuous ijtihad. Considering that there have been considerable changes in the way people live after the industrial revolution, technological developments, and international material relations, a big world looks like a small country. Something that used to be normal, but recently turned a hundred and eighty degrees into something different. So this needs ijtihad. This research is qualitative research that describes the results of research in the form of a model for the development of Islamic Economics as a form of the researcher's contribution to the development of Islamic economics.According to Qardawi, two fields need ijtihad in recent times, namely finance and economics, and medicine. Because these two fields intersect directly in human life. In the development of Islamic economics, it is necessary to have a different model from the development model of economics in general

The effect of chemical treatment, fibre length, fibre content and injection moulding parameters to uv irradiation resistance of oil palm fibre reinforced composites

There are many types of polymer used in engineering materials expose to UV irradiation, such as automotive parts (car body, bumper, dashboard etc.) which can cause material degradation. Some polymers are used in pure polymer and some of them in composite material. This study has investigated the composite material degradation. In this study, polypropylene was used as a matrix of the composite material samples, while oil palm fibre as reinforcement. The effect of the fibre length, fibre content, fibre treatment, coupling agent and injection moulding parameter to ultraviolet (UV) light resistance of this composite and also the optimum setting of them were investigated. The UV resistance was examined via the change of mechanical properties after UV exposured in the UV accelerated weathering tester. The Linear regression models were generated for tensile strength, strain at maximum stress, break stress, break strain and Charpy Impact strength based on six different UV exposure time i.e.: 0, 96, 336, 504, 1008, and 1512 hours. The significance of the regression models were tested by Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and verified by two expose time i.e: 168 and 672 hours. This study found that all of the mechanical properties decrease after UV irradiated. The largest property decrease was break strain of the samples, which was decrease in the range 44.54% to 79.21% after 1512 hours UV irradiated. The lowest decrease was break stress in the range 27.38 % to 63.82%. It was also found in this study that fibre content, and UV irradiation time, significantly affect all properties. Coupling agent and alkali treatment significantly affect all properties except strain at maximum stress. Whereas fibre length and injection moulding parameter only significantly affect the Impact strength of the specimens. All of the regression models are significant which are signed by the p value of each of regression models were lower than 0.05. The equation for predicting the lifetime of UV exposed of oil palm fibre reinforced composite have been generated. The lifetime UV irradiated specimen can be predicted using this equation

Design System Fuel Inventory Control In Gas Stations With The Concept Of Min-Max Stock Level And Time Phased Order Point Case Study Gas Stations 44.501.01

The concept of supply chain inventory requirement has been widely used by companies to improve meeting the needs of its customers. Lost sales due to inventory shortage is an important thing to be avoided by the company. This research aims to build a inventory control system supplies fuel to the method of Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) web-based on gas stations in the area of Semarang. The method used for planning is the ordering of distribution requirements planning with the stage of determining the net requirements (netting), selection Lot (lotting), the timing of orders (offsetting) and the determination of gross requirements for next level (exploision). The Time Phased Order Point and min-max stock level Consept used for optimalitation needs Planning. Model Design of the system is using waterfall model which consists of system analysis, system design, system implementation and testing programs. The research design of this system is the ordering of the supply system can be used to support and improve inventory control at retail outlets. The results of testing the system states that the system developed to support inventory control, increased security at gas stations supply needs to be better and minimize losses orders. Keywords: Inventory Control; Needs Planning; Time Phased Order Point; Distribution Requirement Planning; Design system; Waterfall mode

THE LOGICAL INTERPRETATION AND MORAL VALUES OF CULTURE-BOUND JAVANESE UTTERANCES USING THE WORD “OJO” SEEN FROM ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTIC POINT OF VIEW

This paper attempts to uncover the logical meaning and moral messages contained in several old Javanese wise-words that are seemingly contextual to the current state of oursocial engagement. This endeavor is enacted through the prism of anthropological linguisticsas it is posited closer to the cultural domain in which the language is employed. This actuallycan be seen from another sub-field of linguistics, sociolinguistics. So as to refrain fromoverlapping, a simple definition of anthropological linguistics is worth mentioning to reaffirmhat the discussion is on the right track. Anthropological linguistics (Foley, 2001) viewsanguage through the prism of the core anthropological concept, culture, and, as such, seekso unveil the meaning behind the use, misuse or non-use of language, its different forms,registers, and styles. It is an interpretative discipline at language to find culturalunderstandings. Substantially, this paper aims to revitalize the old wisdom phrased in theJavanese language which we are now apparently inclined to forget. Likewise, this means toscrutinize its typical language patterns mostly preceded by the word ―Ojo‖ such as OjoKagetan, Ojo Gumunan, Ojo Dumeh, etc. The three expressions, for instance, are veryrelevant to represent the current state of affairs which long for peacefulness, prosperity, andwisdom. The data of such kind are obtained from interview with the sample of twenty culturelliterate Javanese people chosen purposively. The data are analyzed based upon twofold:ogical meaning and moral values. Hence, the finding shows that Javanese language is worthmaintaining and developing constantly as it preserves invaluable treasure. It is the languagehat teaches not only what to say and how to say things but how to do things culturally wise

THE IMPLICATURE AND VIOLATION OF MAXIMS IN INDONESIAN ADVERTISEMENTS

We all know that advertising is a business in which language is used to persuade people to do things (e.g., buy some product) and / or believe things (believing that the value of the product is trustworthy or a good one). The phenomenon, however, is that we tend to doubtthe truth conditions of the advertisements. In other words, we do not take those ads seriously. We are not very affected emotionally yet we are just amused and regard them as entertaining fallacies (e.g. the “AXE” male perfume). Some reasons might verify this fact. However, this paper is just concerned with the language phenomenon existing in theadvertisement world. A common shared perspective on the advertisement language within Indonesian ads is, among others, bombastic, hyperbolic, and many times, irrational. Not the least, most of the ads have a similar tendency to “violate” the language as long as theproduct sells. Apparently, Indonesian ads are apt to employ indirect language(‘implicature’) in their emulating their own product and devaluing their competitor’s product (e.g. the then Yahama’s “Yang Lain Makin Ketinggalan”). Upon these intriguing facts, this paper attempts to highlight general features of Indonesian advertisements in termsof (1) the violation of Grice’s conversational maxims (rules and norms) and (2) implicature(extended meaning). Alternating a more ‘acceptable’ model of ads could be a by-product ofthis paper

JAVANESE WOMEN’S BELIEF ABOUT RECOMMENDED AND UNRECOMMENDED FOODS AND DRINKS IN THE PREGNANCY AND POST PARTUM PERIOD

Background: Javanese women in Indonesia have different belief during pregnancy and postpartum. This belief was adopted because of the influence of cultures from their parents. Purpose: This study aims to determine the Javanese women's belief about recommended and un-recommended food or drink during pregnancy and postpartum period. Method: The research used qualitative design with in-depth interview and phenomenological approach. The samples were 4 women who have been pregnant and given birth. Results: This study has eight categories i.e recommended foods in the pregnancy, unrecommended foods in the pregnancy, recommended foods post partum period, unrecommended foods post partum period, recommended drinks in the pregnancy, unrecommended drinks in the pregnancy, recommended drinks post partum period, and unrecommended drinks post partum period. Javanese women believed that the recommended foods during pregnancy are rice, vegetables, fruit, and side-dishes. They must meet the demands of cravings (desire to eat) of certain foods when they want. The foods which are taboo or not recommended during pregnancy are durian, chili, fermented cassava, eel, pineapple, sugar cane, sweet meals, beef sate, catfish, shrimps, and plentiful hot and spicy foods. The foods recommended after childbirth are nutritious food, katu leaves, spinach, corn fritters, braised tofu and tempeh. The foods which are not recommended in postpartum are chili, spicy foods, hot and sour foods, egg and fish. Meanwhile, the drinks recommended during pregnancy are maternal milk, coconut water, water, herbal drink and honey mixed with chicken egg. The un-recommended drinks during pregnancy involve ice, herbs and sweet drinks, while the drinks recommended after childbirth are herbal drinks for breast milk production. In postpartum, women are not recommended to have iced drinks. Conclusion: Community nurses to provide services in accordance with its beliefs that are contrary to the concept of health and support the ones which are in line with it. Keywords: community nurses, pregnancy, postpartum, recommended foods, un-recommended drink

M-Learning: Content Tool for Accounting

Independency of time and space are often named as the main advantages of e-Learning. The basic requirement of e-Learning is a Personal Computer (PC), and therefore a real independency of time and space is not given. Even with a notebook these independencies are not fulfilled, because a real independency of time and space means learning wherever and whenever you want to learn. Hardly anyone carries his notebook or his PC with him all the time. Due to certain requirements eLearning fulfils just partly this demand of independency. Mobile learning (MLearning), the next generation of the computer-aided and multimedia-based learning, is based on mobile phones. The market penetration of mobile phones in Malaysia is at a level of 81% and the numbers are rising. It can be said, that the great majority of the population has a mobile phone and carries it with them most of the time. Because of this fact the independency of time and space for learning is fulfilled to nearly a hundred percent. As a consequence the main advantage of mobile learning is learning wherever and whenever you want to learn. You can use idle periods for learning. For example: The times while you are traveling, while you are waiting for the bus or while you are waiting at the restaurant or at the trainstation. Nearly every unused and wasted time can now be used for efficient and effective learning. Therefore mobile learning will be an important instrument for lifelong learning, because it will help us to use our time more efficiently

Development of Database for External Works' Production Rates

Production rates have been an ambiguous data since the early era of construction. However, production rates can be categorized as verbal data, which could be obtained from experts' and practitioners' opinions. The objective of the study is to investigate the method of determining construction period and production rates practiced in the industry, to collect information and data on external work's production rates from Malaysia's construction industry and to compile and analyze the data obtained. The small amount of studies devoted to this topic and the absence of formal database on Malaysian Civil & Structural construction production rates is one of the main reasons that motivate the study. Since the study involves collection of verbal data on people's opinion, Survey Research Methodology has been chosen to be the main methods used in the study. Questionnaires and interviews formats are some of the tools used in order to gather the information needed from various respondents. As the study is one of the pioneering studies to be conducted in Malaysia, the result of the study may not be generally accepted for construction use. However, it can provide as an indication of the values of production rates data for Malaysian construction industr