Antecedent and Mediator of Actual Visit Behavior Amongst International Tourists in Jordan

Actual visit behavior has been for many years an area of ongoing interest in fields that span both tourist behavior and international marketing. Despite the growth of the tourism industry, hotel industry is facing fluctuating tourist revisit intention provoked by dissatisfaction, high travel risk, mediocre hotel service, or negative Jordan image. Moreover, considerable fragmentation and inconsistency in empirical findings has limited theory development. This thesis, which is based on the concepts of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), has the following objectives: (1) to identify the direct influence of (perceived risk, revisit intention and perceived behavior control) on actual visit behavior. (2) to identify the direct influence of (tourist satisfaction, tourist attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavior control) on revisit intention. (3) to identify the direct influence of (perceived risk, Jordan image and service climate) on tourist satisfaction. (4) to examine to what extent revisit intention and tourist satisfaction mediate the relationship between perceived risk and actual visit behavior. (5) to determine the mediating effect of revisit intention on linkage of perceived behavior control with actual visit behavior. (6) to determine how the underpinning theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) can be used to explain actual visit behavior in Jordan. The measurement for the latent variables is adopted from past studies as follows: tourist satisfaction (10 items); perceived risk (7 items); Jordan image (11 items); service climate (10); revisit intention (5); tourist attitude (6 items); subjective norm (6 items); perceived behavior control (6 items); actual visit behavior (5 items). From 850 samples, 494 usable responses were returned representing a 59% response rate. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), the Generating (MG) achieved model fit as shown in the GOF index: Ratio (CMIN/df) =1.186; GFI=0.973; RMSEA= 0.019; TLI=0.991; P-value=0.096. The SMC = 0.703 which means that the predictors explain 70.3% variance in actual visit behavior. The findings highlight five direct significant antecedents of actual visit behavior: revisit intention ( =.264, CR=2.720 p=0.007), perceived risk ( =-.318, CR= -2.197 p=0. 028), subjective norm ( =.199, CR=2.112 p=.035), Jordan image ( =.504, CR=2.653 p=.008) and service climate ( =.226, CR=3.020 p=.003); three direct significant antecedents of intention: tourist satisfaction ( =.373, CR=5.400 p=***), tourist attitude ( =.182, CR= 2.734 p=.006), subjective norm ( =.262, CR= 4.178 p=***); three direct significant antecedents of satisfaction: Jordan image ( =.356, CR=2.407 p=.016), subjective norms ( =173, CR=2.343 p=.019) and perceived behavior control ( =.159, CR=2.117 p=.034). The study found two insignificant direct antecedents to actual visit behavior PBC and satisfaction; one insignificant direct antecedents of intention i.e. PBC; three insignificant direct antecedents of satisfaction i.e. service climate and attitude. The finding supports eleven hypotheses (H1, H2, H3, H4, H7, H9, H4a, H9a, H10a, H4b, and H5a) and rejects six hypotheses (H5, H6, H8, H10, H2a, and H3a). Satisfaction and intention were found to be non-mediators

KANDUNGAN KOPI KEDELAI LAUWON KECAMATAN LUWUK TIMUR KABUPATEN BANGGAI

Soybean is an ingredient that has many benefits and is informed that it does not contain caffeine, so it is good and safe for consumption by children, pregnant women, and people who have digestive diseases. This study aims to determine the content of soy coffee produced by the people of Lauwon Village, East Luwuk District, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. This research was conducted from April to August 2020 which consisted of 2 stages, namely: 1) the first stage, the manufacture of soy coffee which was carried out by the people of Lauwon Village, Luwuk Timur District, Banggai Regency, Central Sulawesi Province. 2) the second stage, laboratory testing at the Integrated Research and Testing Laboratory (LPPT) UGM Yogyakarta. The results showed that Lauwon soybean coffee does not contain caffeine (non-caffeine) and contains water content (3.42%), protein (31.26%), total fat (0.95%), total sugar (0.50%). ), lead (Pb) was not detected, copper (Cu) (13.97 mg / kg), zinc (Zn) (52.99 mg / kg), mercury (Hg) 0.04 mg / kg, bacterial contamination rate ( ALT) 2.0 x 103 cfu / gram and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50) 2.467 mg / mL

Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural di Sekolah Berbasis Islam (Studi Komparatif SMA UII Yogyakarta dan MA Al-Qodir Yogyakarta)*

This article describes the implementation of multicultural education at UII High School and Al- Qodiri High School. Multicultural education has been implemented by UII High School and Al- Qodiri High School. Nevertheless the MA Al-Qodir is more multicultural than UII High School. The implementation of multicultural education at UII High School can be seen from among others the background of their students who are diverse ethnic, ethnic, cultural, gender, economic, and religious affiliation. Multicultural education at UII High School is also evident in classroom learning. In terms of gender, the teachers never discriminated the sex of their students. All have the same rights in learning and activities at school. In classroom learning, the teacher also challenges standing above all groups. This can be seen in the learning of Islamic Education. When talking about material that contains khilafiyah, the teacher provides understanding and teach all the differences. Students are also not allowed to attend one particular group. Meanwhile, MA Al-Qodir has long been known as a multicultural school. Schools that are integrated into the Al-Qodir Islamic boarding school have explicitly implemented multicultural education. In the madrasa curriculum, it clearly states the multicultural education. For example, in the graduate competency standards (SKL) MA Al-Qodir appreciates diversity of religions, nations, ethnicity, races, and socio-economic groups in local and global relations. In addition, there are quite a number of programs and activities that reflect the implementation of multicultural education in Al-Qodir. Some of them are: First, the Al-Qodir Islamic Boarding School, including the MA Al-Qodir, accepts students obtained from drug addicts to be rehabilitated. Secondly, Islamic Boarding Schools and MA Al-Qodir receive communities from various faiths to mingle, stay and communicate (live in) with santri (students), administrators, and caregivers of the Al-Qodir Islamic Boarding School. Third, the visit of 25 interfaith leaders from 17 developing countries to Al-Qodir Islamic Boarding School for interfaith dialogue

Optimal reactor network for methanol synthesis using RCC algorithm for attainable regions analysis

Optimal reactor network for methanol synthesis over Cu-Zn-Al catalyst has been developed by automated attainable regions analysis using the recursive convex control policy algorithm. Fundamental processes of solid catalysed gaseous reaction, cooling, mixing and heating are considered in order to develop a reactor network that can be used to attain specific optimal conditions such as maximum conversion or minimisation of the required heating or cooling surface area

Fischer Tropsch synthesis : towards understanding selectivity and activity properties of iron based catalysts in fixed bed reactor systems

Abstract: The conversion of energy sources such as coal, biomass and natural gas to hydrocarbons is crucial in the energy industry. The Fischer-Tropsch (FT) process has gained importance throughout decades as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method of converting energy sources to product streams of fuel and chemicals. However, even after its longstanding application, there remains a lack of understanding in the intrinsic proceedings of the wide-ranging set of reactions associated with the process. From a technical and commercial point of view, the main challenge in FT Synthesis is maximizing the selectivity to desired products and improving carbon utilization efficiency. Revisiting fundamental FT theory is a crucial step towards a comprehensive understanding of the FT process and the optimisation of selectivity and carbon efficiency thereof. The purpose of this study was to gain insight on the fundamental aspects involved in experimental FT synthesis. The effect of operating conditions, temperature and pressure, on the FT selectivity and activity were studied in a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor system. The second objective was to better understand the kinetic behaviour of iron-based FT processes by conducting a kinetic model discrimination using the acquired experimental data. To achieve this, a Fe/Al2O3 catalyst containing 10 wt.% Fe was prepared by the incipient impregnation of Fe(NO3)3.9H2O on an Al2O3 support. The characterisation of the catalyst was carried out through using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR) and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) techniques. 0.5g of the prepared catalyst was loaded in a fixed bed reactor (L = 400 mm; ID = 6 mm) and reduced for 6 hours at 300°C and an additional 2 hours at 330 °C at atmospheric pressure using a flow of pure H2. The FT reactions were carried out at temperatures and pressures that were varied from 250 – 300 °C and 1-20 bar, respectively. A constant inlet flow of syngas was kept at 10 ml/min during the reaction. An online GC connected to the reactor was used to analyse the products...M.Tech. (Chemical Engineering

The moderating effect of personality in the relationship between job demand and job control on workplace bullying: A study among nurses in Jordan

This study examined the factors influencing workplace bullying among nurses in the public hospitals in Jordan. The objective of the study was to examine the influence of job demand and job control on workplace bullying among nurses in Jordan. The role of personality as the moderating factor in this relationship was also examined. The study utilized a survey method and questionnaires were distributed to a sample of 750 nurses at one of the biggest public hospitals in Jordan. The data was analysed using regression analysis techniques, and hierarchal regression analysis. The study found that the level of workplace bullying among nurses as being high. The study also found a positive and significant relationship between job demand and workplace bullying. The study also found that there appeared a significantly negative relationship between job control and workplace bullying. Personality too appeared as partial moderator in the relationship between job demand and job control on workplace bullying. Personality traits of conscientiousness and openness to experience were found to moderate the relationship between job control and workplace bullying. Other than that, emotional stability was found playing a role in moderating the relationship between work pressure and workplace bullying. The finding of this study strengthens earlier research findings regarding the importance of personality in influencing workplace bullying. It can thus be concluded, that understanding job demand and job control factors in the workplace and managing them effectively can help reduce incidents of bullying among nurses in Jordanian hospitals. Furthermore, the different personality traits of nurses and the interaction of these traits with job demand and job control factors, show the workplace bullying differences among nurses in the Jordanian hospital

Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Fe/Al2O3 catalyst with low Fe loading : effect of reaction temperature

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the operating temperature on the performance of a Fe/Al2O3 catalyst with low Fe loading during Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The catalyst was prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method and evaluated at 250 – 300 oC. The experimental results show that both selectivity and catalyst activity are strongly affected by the operating temperature. Increasing the temperature leads to increased catalytic activity and shifts the selectivity of products towards lighter hydrocarbons. While a clear dependence of the olefin-to-paraffin ratio (O/P) for C4 and C5 hydrocarbons on the operating temperature was not obtained, the O/P for C2 and C3 hydrocarbons was found to decrease with an increasing temperature

Analisa Putusan Majelis Hakim Dalam Perkara Nomer 2586/Pdt.G/2013/PA.Kab.kdr Dan 2335/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Kab.kdr. Tentang Penyelesaian Nafkah Iddah Dan Mutah Oleh Suami Kepada Istri Dalam Perkara Cerai Talak Di Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Kediri (Studi Kasus)

Jenis penelitian dilakukan diwilayah Kabupaten Kediri lebih tepatnya di Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Kediri, dengan melakukan penelitian lapangan (gronded resert) yang dilakukan diPengadilan Agama Kabupaten Kediri. Terkait dengan Putusan Pengadilan Agama, penelitian yuridis normatif adalah penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif analisis. Terkait pengemupulan data denga cara wawancara langsung dengan Majelis Hakim serta mengambil beberapa data yang terkait dengam persoalan yang sedang penulis teliti. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh penulis melalui penelitian ini, yakni : (1) putusan hakim no 2586/Pdt.G/2013/PA.Kab.kdr dan 2335/Pdt.G/2014/PA.Kab.kdr. dalam perkara cerai talak dalam penyelesaian nafkah iddah dan mut‟ah oleh suami kepada istri dilakukan Pengadilan Agama Kabupaten Kediri dilakukan jika istri mengajukan gugatan balik rekonvensi ataupun hakim menghukum secara Ex – officio untuk membayar nafkah iddah dan mut‟ah. (2) Pertimbangan Hukum dalam memutuskan perkara untuk penyelesaian nafkah iddah dan mut‟ah yang didasarkan hukum positif, Al- Qur‟an serta KHI. Kata Kunci : Nafkah Iddah dan nafkah Mut’ah, putusan Rekonvensi dan Ex – Offici

Synthesis, spectral characterization, thermal analysis and DFT computational studies of 2-(1H-indole-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-benzimidazole and their Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes

Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal complexes were obtained by using ligand (2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-5-methyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole) derived from 4-methyl-1,2-phenelyenediamine and indole-3-carboxaldehyde. The ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, Mass Spectrometry, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, TG and molar conductance measure-ments. The non-electrolytic behaviour of complexes is confirmed by low molar conductance value. The presence of lattice and coordinated water molecules is confirmed by thermal analysis. Thermodynamic parameters (E, ΔH, ΔS and ΔG) were calculated by using Coats-Redfern method. The density function theory (DFT) calculation at the B3LYP/LanL2DZ method with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set are used to investigate the electronic structure of the ligand and their complexes with Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) metals. HOMO-LUMO energies of the mentioned compounds have been computed by using DFT/B3LYP calculation method with 6-311+G(d,p) basis set and LanL2DZ basis set for Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) metal complexes. Mulliken charge distributions of the investigated compounds were also computed with same level of method

Gorongosa: A History of an African Landscape, 1921-2014

Gorongosa: a history of an African landscape, 1921-2014, focuses on changes in the Gorongosa ecosystem, in central Mozambique, southeastern Africa. Environmental changes result from natural, non-human causes and from the activities of humans. I describe four socioecological events: African and Portuguese interactions, Gorongosa National Park, the effects of Mozambique’s civil war, and the Park\u27s restoration in the aftermath of the civil war. Prior to European partition of Africa in 1884-85, Mozambique did not exist as clearly a demarcated territory as it is now. Today, the sense of Mozambicanhood bears traces of Portuguese colonial era experience. The demarcation of Mozambique’s boundaries and the reshaping of the colony until 1975 was a painful process that both the Africans and Portuguese colonialists endured; these physical and social separations from the rest of southern Africa represented the first human-induced changes in southern Africa. The endeavors to reshape Mozambique did not end with political boundaries. Painful processes, including the reshaping of Gorongosa National Park in the Gorongosa ecosystem, continued after border demarcations. Countless Mozambican and Portuguese lives were lost in the long trajectory within the colony as the Africans and the Europeans all developed a sense of unity in diversity while reshaping their attitude of and about Mozambique. After independence in 1975, internal transformations and wars continued reshaping Mozambique and Mozambicans, as different nationalists sought to maintain their colonial experience. These dynamics marked the environmental history of the Mozambican and Portuguese peoples and are often reflected in the prevalence of high sympathy, which the two peoples share toward one another. Gorongosa: a history of an African landscape, 1921-2014, critically celebrates these collective achievements