Descripción de los parámetros fonético-acústico y autopercepción vocal de telefonistas en la región Metropolitana de Chile

Tesis (Fonoaudiología)Los callcenters son un espacio laboral que se ha desarrollado ampliamente en el presente siglo y con ello el rubro de los telefonistas se encuentra en aumento. Sin embargo, la rapidez con que éstos se han instaurado dentro de nuestra sociedad, no ha permitido una valoración adecuada de las posibles consecuencias que tiene el uso de la voz durante las horas que comprende una jornada laboral. El presente estudio, consistió en describir y establecer una relación de los parámetros fonético-acústicos (frecuencia fundamental, Jitter, Shimmer y relación ruido/armónico) y autopercepción vocal en telefonistas de la Región Metropolitana de Chile, utilizando los instrumentos Multidimensional Voice Program (MDVP) e Índice de Incapacidad Vocal (VHI). La muestra de este estudio estuvo compuesta por 56 sujetos, de los cuales 14 eran hombres y las 42 restantes, mujeres, que se desempeñan al año 2013 como telefonistas dentro de uno de los cuatro callcenters seleccionados y que pertenecen a la Región Metropolitana de Chile. En cuanto a los resultados del MDVP, se pudo evidenciar que la utilización de esta herramienta fue eficiente en la entrega de los resultados. Respecto de las diferencias encontradas entre el MDVP y VHI como instrumentos de evaluación simultáneos, se demuestran que todavía ningún parámetro objetivo puede considerarse como factor pronóstico definitivo en la evaluación de los pacientes y que las sensaciones acerca de su problema vocal no pueden valorarse mediante medidas objetivas.Se evidencia la alteración vocal objetiva presente en el 41 % de la muestra y se observa una tendencia a presentar primordialmente solo un parámetro alterado, siendo principalmente Jitter o FO, lo que se registra en un 30% aproximadamente. Respecto a la autopercepción vocal, se obtuvo que el 89% de ellos distinguen una alteración leve en su voz y tan solo un 10% alude a un daño moderado. No se evidenció correlación significativa entre los parámetros fonéticoacústicos y la autopercepción vocal de los telefonistas de la Región Metropolitana.The callcenters are a working place with a significant development during the present century and with it, the function of the telephone operators is growing. However, the fast introduction of them into our society, hasn't allow a proper appreciation of the impact that have the use of the voice during the hours of a working day. The present study consist in the description and stablish a relationship between the phonetic-acoustic parameters (fundamental frequency, Jitter, Shimmer and the relationship noise/harmonic) and the vocal self-perception on telephone operators of Chile's RegiónMetropolitana, using the Multidimensional Voice Program (MDVP) and the Vocal Handicap lndex (VHI) instruments. The sampling of this study was composed by 56 subjects, of which 14 were men and the 42 remaining were women, who work at the year 2013 as telephone operators inside tour selected callcenters of Chile's RegiónMetropolitana. As soon as the results of the MDVP, it was evidenced that the utilization of this tool was efficient at the results development. Respect the differences found between the MDVP and the VHI as evaluation instruments, evidence that no objective parameter can be considerad as an optimal prognostic factor on the patient evaluations and their feelings about own vocal problems can't be assessed by objective measures. Is Evidenced the objective vocal disturbance present in the 41 % of the sample and is observad a tendency to present primarily only one altered parameter, being mainly Jitter or FO, which is registered by a 30%, approximately. Respect the vocal self perception, was obtained that the 89% of them distinguishes a slight alteration on their voice and only the 10% a moderated harm. lt not was evidenced a significativa correlation between the phonetic-acoustic parameters and the vocal self-perception of telephone operators of the RegiónMetropolitana

Neuroprotective fragment C of tetanus toxin modulates IL-6 in an ALS mouse model

Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) pathology, leading to the development of therapies targeting inflammation in recent years. Our group has studied the tetanus toxin C-terminal fragment (TTC) as a therapeutic molecule, showing neuroprotective properties in the SOD1G93A mouse model. However, it is unknown whether TTC could have some effect on inflammation. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of TTC on the regulation of inflammatory mediators to elucidate its potential role in modulating inflammation occurring in ALS. After TTC treatment in SOD1G93A mice, levels of eotaxin-1, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6 and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha (ff) and galectin-1 were analyzed by immunoassays in plasma samples, whilst protein expression of caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) was measured in the spinal cord, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle and soleus (SOL) muscle. The results showed reduced levels of IL-6 in spinal cord, EDL and SOL in treated SOD1G93A mice. In addition, TTC showed a different role in the modulation of NLRP3 and caspase-1 depending on the tissue analyzed. In conclusion, our results suggest that TTC could have a potential anti-inflammatory effect by reducing IL-6 levels in tissues drastically affected by the disease. However, further research is needed to study more in depth the anti-inflammatory effect of TTC in ALS

Phosphorus restriction does not prevent the increase in fibroblast growth factor 23 elicited by high fat diet

This study was designed to evaluate the influence of phosphorus (P) restriction on the dele- terious effects of high fat diets on mineral metabolism. Twenty-four rats were allotted to 3 groups (n = 8 each) that were fed different diets for 7 months. Rats in group 1 were fed nor- mal fat-normal P (0.6%) diet (NF-NP), rats in group 2 were fed high fat- normal P diet (HF- NP) and rats in group 3 were fed high fat-low P (0.2%) diet (HF-LP). Blood, urine and tissues were collected at the end of the experiments. When compared with the control group (NF- NP), rats fed HF diets showed increases in body weight, and in plasma concentrations of tri- glycerides and leptin, and decreased plasma calcitriol concentrations. In rats fed HF-NP plasma fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) was higher (279.6 ± 39.4 pg/ml vs 160.6 ± 25.0 pg/ml, p = 0.018) and renal klotho (ratio klotho/GAPDH) was lower (0.75 ± 0.06 vs 1.06 ± 0.08, p < 0.01) than in rats fed NF-NP. Phosphorus restriction did not normalize plasma FGF23 or renal klotho; in fact, rats fed HF-LP, that only ingested an average of 22.9 mg/day of P, had higher FGF23 (214.7 ± 32.4 pg/ml) concentratio ns than rats fed NF-NP (160.6 ± 25. 0 pg/ml), that ingested and average of 74.4 mg/day of P over a 7 month period. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that severe P restriction over a prolonged period of time (7 months) does not normalize the increase in circulating FGF23 induced by HF diets. These data indi- cate that the deleterious effects of high fat diet on the FGF23/klotho axis are not eliminated by reduced P intake

¿cómo responder a nuestras preguntas de investigación de forma específica y no morir en el intento? Parte X: ¿dónde y cómo busco información científica fiable y de calidad?

Indexación: Scopus.¿Cómo responder a nuestras preguntas de investigación de forma específica y no morir en el intento? Parte X: ¿Dónde y cómo busco información científica fiable y de calidad? How to answer our research questions specifically and not die trying? Part X: where and how do i look for reliable and quality scientific information?https://www.resed.es/como-responder-a-nuestras-preguntas-de-investigacion-de-forma-especifica-y-no-morir-en-el-intento-parte-x-donde-y-como-busco-informacion-cientifica-fiable-y-de-calidad937?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=

Prevalencia de candidiasis vaginal en una población obstétrica de bajo riesgo en Santander

ObjetivoConocer la prevalencia de candidiasis vaginal en embarazadas controladas desde atención primaria y ver si está aumentando con el paso del tiempo.DiseñoEstudio descriptivo, retrospectivo del universo de mujeres embarazadas.EmplazamientoZona Básica de Salud Cazoña (34.783 habitantes).SujetosToda la población obstétrica controlada en nuestro centro de salud desde 1992 a 1997, ambos inclusive.Mediciones y resultadosEstudio retrospectivo de las historias clínicas de todas las mujeres embarazadas captadas en nuestro centro de salud (878 embarazos). Descartados los derivados a tocólogo, abortos y partos prematuros, se han valorado 549 embarazos (62,30% del total) normales, de bajo riesgo, controlados hasta el final por atención primaria, con un rango de edad de 16-40 años. La prevalencia media de candidiasis es de un 18% (IC, 15,0-21,6). Su frecuencia aumenta a medida que se incrementa el número de gestaciones y disminuye a medida que aumenta la edad de la embarazada.ConclusionesLa prevalencia encontrada en nuestro estudio es de un 18%, y no está aumentando a medida que pasan los años.ObjectivesTo find the prevalence of vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women monitored through primary care and to see whether it is on the increase.DesignDescriptive and retrospective study of pregnant women.SettingCazoña Health District (34783 inhabitants).SubjectsThe entire obstetric population monitored by our health centre between 1992 and 1997 inclusive.Measurements and resultsRetrospective study of clinical histories of all the pregnant women seen at our health centre (878 pregnancies). After discounting those referred to obstetricians, abortions/ miscarriages and premature births, 549 normal low-risk pregnancies (62.30% of the total) were monitored to completion in primary care. The women's age range was 16 to 40. The mean prevalence of candidiasis was 18% (CI, 15.0-21.6). Its frequency increased as the number of pregnancies increased and dropped as the age of the pregnant women increased.ConclusionsPrevalence found in our study was 18% and did not increase as the years passed

Oral Acid Load Down-Regulates Fibroblast Growth Factor 23

Increased dietary acid load has a negative impact on health, particularly when renal function is compromised. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone that is elevated during renal failure. The relationship between metabolic acidosis and FGF23 remains unclear. To investigate the effect of dietary acid load on circulating levels of FGF23, rats with normal renal function and with a graded reduction in renal mass (1/2 Nx and 5/6 Nx) received oral NH4Cl for 1 month. Acid intake resulted in a consistent decrease of plasma FGF23 concentrations in all study groups when compared with their non-acidotic control: 239.3 ± 13.5 vs. 295.0 ± 15.8 pg/mL (intact), 346.4 ± 19.7 vs. 522.6 ± 29.3 pg/mL (1/2 Nx) and 988.0 ± 125.5 vs. 2549.4 ± 469.7 pg/mL (5/6 Nx). Acidosis also decreased plasma PTH in all groups, 96.5 ± 22.3 vs. 107.3 ± 19.1 pg/mL, 113.1 ± 17.3 vs. 185.8 ± 22.2 pg/mL and 504.9 ± 75.7 vs. 1255.4 ± 181.1 pg/mL. FGF23 showed a strong positive correlation with PTH (r = 0.877, p < 0.0001) and further studies demonstrated that acidosis did not influence plasma FGF23 concentrations in parathyroidectomized rats, 190.0 ± 31.6 vs. 215 ± 25.6 pg/mL. In conclusion, plasma concentrations of FGF23 are consistently decreased in rats with metabolic acidosis secondary to increased acid intake, both in animals with intact renal function and with decreased renal function. The in vivo effect of metabolic acidosis on FGF23 appears to be related to the simultaneous decrease in PTH

Reaction mechanisms in the scattering of 8 Li on 208 Pb around the Coulomb barrier

We present an analysis of the reaction 8 Li + 208 Pb , which has been recently measured at energies around the Coulomb barrier. The study is focused on the elastic and one-neutron removal channels. The elastic angular distribution has been analyzed by means of the optical model and coupled-channels method. The measured 7 Li yield has been assumed to come from the one-neutron transfer reaction 208 Pb ( 8 Li , 7 Li ) 209 Pb and the breakup reaction 8 Li + 208 Pb → n + 7 Li + 208 Pb . For the former, an analysis in terms of the distorted wave Born approximation and coupled-channels Born approximation (CCBA) methods has been performed. For the breakup reaction, a generalization of the CCBA method has been used, in which the final states are described as n + 208 Pb continuum states. Transfer and breakup are then treated consistently. The summed angular distribution for the two processes reproduces the shape and absolute magnitude of the measured 7 Li distribution. We conclude that most of the measured 7 Li yield comes from the one-neutron transfer channel. We also show that the elastic scattering is notably affected by the strong coupling to transfer channels.Fundaçao para a Ciência e a Tecnología (FCT) de Portugal. POCTI/36282/99Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de España. FPA2002-04181-C04-0

Kinect-based occupational therapy virtual environment for functional neurorehabilitation of the upper limb

The use of virtual reality technologies has attracted great interest in the area of functional neurorehabilitation [1]. These technologies have a strong ludic component that can increase motivation. Furthermore, Kinect-based motion tracking enables us to individualize the exercises and to generate knowledge [2]. The aim of this research is to perform a proof of concept test of a virtual environment for upper limb rehabilitation. To this end, we have designed two rehabilitation virtual scenarios based on occupational therapy activities. Activities are monitored by a control system based on Microsoft® Kinect sensor [3], for performing bilateral hand coordination and finger dissociation rehabilitation exercises. Both virtual scenarios have been validated by expert therapists at the Institut Guttmann of Nerurrehabilitación and a preliminary evaluation has been performed with four traumatic brain injury patients

CareCloud: Plataforma de soporte y asistencia a cuidadores

El aumento de las personas con discapacidad está demandando la aparición de nuevos modelos de cuidado en los que el cuidador informal desarrolle un papel fundamental como fuente de provisión de cuidados. La falta de preparación del cuidador junto con los frecuentes episodios de estrés y depresión que sufren ante la elevada carga psicológica y laboral, tienen un impacto muy negativo tanto en la condición del cuidador como en las tareas de cuidado. Con el objetivo de mejorar los cuidados provistos y la calidad de vida de los cuidadores informales surge la plataforma CareCloud. Esta plataforma proporciona al cuidador informal servicios destinados a la provisión de contenidos personalizados de formación sobre los distintos cuidados que prestan a sus familiares. Además, permite la gestión de los cuidados a través de servicios de coordinación entre distintos cuidadores, así como procedimientos de evaluación del cuidado que permitan detectar problemas ocurridos en la asistencia prestada

A graphical tool for designing interactive video cognitive rehabilitation therapies

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) has become one of the most common causes of neurological disability in developed countries. Cognitive disorders result in a loss of independence and therefore patients? quality of life. Cognitive rehabilitation aims to promote patients? skills to achieve their highest degree of personal autonomy. New technologies such as interactive video, whereby real situations of daily living are reproduced within a controlled virtual environment, enable the design of personalized therapies with a high level of generalization and a great ecological validity. This paper presents a graphical tool that allows neuropsychologists to design, modify, and configure interactive video therapeutic activities, through the combination of graphic and natural language. The tool has been validated creating several Activities of Daily Living and a preliminary usability evaluation has been performed showing a good clinical acceptance in the definition of complex interactive video therapies for cognitive rehabilitation