Efecto del ejercicio sobre algunas enzimas gluconeogénicas en hígado y riñón de rata

The effect of exercise (swimming in water at 22° fur 2 hours) on rat liver and kidney glucose 6-phosphatase, fructose diphosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase activities and kidney phosphate-dependent glutaminase activity was studied. Exercise increases the activities of glucose 6-phosphatase (prevented by previous treatment with bicarbonate), alanine aminotransferase and phosphate-dependent glutaminase in kidney and do es not affect the enzymic activities tested in liver. Glucose production from alanine by kidney cortical slices is not negligible despite the low activity of alanine aminotransferase and is also activated by exercise. These results do not preclude the key role of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activation during the metabolic adaptation of kidney to exercise but suggest additional points of regulations of gluconeogenesis in these conditions.Se ha estudiado el efecto del ejercicio (natación en agua a 22° durante dos horas) sobre las actividades de la glucosa-6-fosfatasa, fructosa difosfatasa, lactato deshidrogenasa, alanina aminotransferasa y aspartato aminotransferasa en hígado y riñón, así como sobre la actividad de la glutaminasa dependiente de fosfato en riñón de rata. El ejercicio produce un aumento en la actividad de la glucosa-6-fosfatasa (que se impide por administración previa de bicarbonato), alanina aminotransferasa y glutaminasa renales y no afecta a ninguna de las actividades enzimáticas ensayadas en hígado. La producción de glucosa a partir de alanina en cortes de corteza renal es apreciable, a pesar de la precaria actividad de la alanina aminotransferasa, y también se activa por el ejercicio. Estos resultados no desvirtúan el papel fundamental de la activación de la fosfoenolpiruvato carboxicinasa durante la adaptación metabólica del riñón al ejercicio pero sugieren puntos adicionales de regulación de la gluconeogénesis en estas condiciones

Vivencias maternas al tener un recién nacido hospitalizado

Objetivo:  Develar las vivencias de las madres del recién nacido hospitalizado, Hospital Regional Virgen de Fátima, Chachapoyas, 2016. Método:  El estudio fue cualitativo-fenomenológico, para la recolección de datos se utilizó la guía de entrevista y la pregunta orientadora fue: ¿Qué siente usted al tener a su bebé hospitalizado?; se entrevistó a siete madres, previa firma del consentimiento informado, se usó el muestreo por saturación. Realizada la entrevista se procedió a transcribir los discursos y a realizar la lectura de las transcripciones, se identificó las unidades de significado que fueron transformadas a través de los tres momentos del enfoque fenomenológico. Resultados principales: En los resultados obtenidos se identificó tres categorías: a) sintiendo tristeza, pena, dolor vs alegría; b) viviendo crisis situacional; c) enfrentando duelo anticipado. Conclusión general: La separación de la diada madre - hijo durante la hospitalización impone una controversia de sentimientos que generan emociones distintas que impiden a la mujer asumir con tranquilidad y alegría el nuevo rol

NFκB and NLRP3/NLRC4 inflammasomes regulate differentiation, activation and functional properties of monocytes in response to distinct SARS-CoV-2 proteins

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMIncreased recruitment of transitional and non-classical monocytes in the lung during SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with COVID-19 severity. However, whether specific innate sensors mediate the activation or differentiation of monocytes in response to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins remain poorly characterized. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 Spike 1 but not nucleoprotein induce differentiation of monocytes into transitional or non-classical subsets from both peripheral blood and COVID-19 bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a NFκB-dependent manner, but this process does not require inflammasome activation. However, NLRP3 and NLRC4 differentially regulated CD86 expression in monocytes in response to Spike 1 and Nucleoprotein, respectively. Moreover, monocytes exposed to Spike 1 induce significantly higher proportions of Th1 and Th17 CD4 + T cells. In contrast, monocytes exposed to Nucleoprotein reduce the degranulation of CD8 + T cells from severe COVID-19 patients. Our study provides insights in the differential impact of innate sensors in regulating monocytes in response to different SARS-CoV-2 proteins, which might be useful to better understand COVID-19 immunopathology and identify therapeutic targetsI.T. was supported by Fomento de Investigación and FPI-UAM fellowships by Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. E.M.G. and I.T. were funded by PID2021-127899OB-I00 Generación de Conocimiento and CNS2023-144841 consolidación investigadora grants from Agencia Estatal de Investigación. E.M.G. and C.D.A. were also supported by RYC2018-024374-I. Ramón y Cajal Program. E.M.G., M.J.B., and M.G. were supported by REDINCOV by la MARATÓ TV3 (202104-30-31) and La Caixa Foundation HR20-00218. E.M.G., I.S. and I.S.C. were funded by CIBERINFECC from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. O.P. was supported by REDINCOV. MCM was supported by La Caixa Banking Foundation LCF/PR/HR20-00218. IGA was from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) and co-funded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). I.S.C. was supported by the Rio Hortega Grant program (CM21/00157) and CIBERINFECC from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. F.S.M., A.A. were supported by INMUNOVACTER REACTEU grant from Comunidad de Madrid. F.S.M. was also supported by grants PDC2021-121719-I00 and PID-2020-120412RB-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and competitiveness (MINECO). M.J.B. is supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación project PID2021-123321OB-I00 funded by MCIN /AEI /10.13039/ 501100011033/ FEDER, UE; the Gilead Fellowship GLD22/00152, and the Miguel Servet program funded by the Spanish Health Institute Carlos III (CPII22/00005). N.M.C. was supported by S2022/BMD7209 (INTEGRAMUNE-CM) to N.M.C. C.M.C. was supported by FIS.18/01163. F.S.M. and N.M.C. were also supported by La Caixa Health Research Grant LCF/PR/HR23/52430018. Grants to A.A. from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, co-funded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (FIS PI19/00549; FIS PI22/01542), and Sociedad Cooperativa de Viviendas Buen Suceso, S. Coop. Mad; to A.A. and F.S.M. from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III, cofunded by the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) (CIBER Cardiovascular). A.A. was supported by CIBER cardiovascular (CIBERCV) from Instituto de Salud Carlos III. L.E.P. was financed by Inmunovacter REACT-UE (Comunidad de Madrid). We also would like to thank Verónica Labrador from the Microscopy Core from Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares for technical support in confocal image analysi

Dyslipidaemia in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy. Analysis of 922 patients from the Spanish VACH cohort

Background: Information concerning lipid disturbances in HIV-infected women on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is scarce. The objective of the study is to describe the lipid profile in a large cohort of HIV-infected women on contemporary ART and analyse differences between regimes and patient's characteristics. Methods: Observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study from the Spanish VACH Cohort. 922 women on stable ART without lipid-lowering treatment were included. Results: Median age was 42 years, median CD4 lymphocyte count was 544 cells/mm3, and 85.6% presented undetectable HIV-1 viral load. Median total cholesterol (TC) was 189 mg/dL (interquartile range, IQR, 165-221), HDL cholesterol 53 mg/dL (IQR, 44-64), LDL cholesterol 108 mg/dL (IQR, 86-134), and triglycerides 116 mg/dL (IQR, 85-163). Mean accumulated time on ART was 116 months; 47.4% were on NNRTI-based regimes, 44.7% on PI, and 6.7% on only-NRTI therapy. 43.8% were also hepatitis C (HCV) coinfected. Patients on PI treatment presented higher TC/HDL ratio than those on NNRTI (p < 0.001). Significantly higher HDL values were observed in NNRTI-treated patients. HCV-coinfected patients presented lower TC/HDL ratio than the non HCV-coinfected. In multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with TC/HDL ratio were age, triglyceride levels and HCV co-infection. PI treatment presented a non-significant association with higher TC/HDL ratio. Conclusions: In HIV-infected women, the NNRTI-based ART is associated with a better lipid profile than the PI-based. Factors unrelated to ART selection may also exert an independent, significant influence on lipids; in particular, age, and triglyceride levels are associated with an increased TC/HDL ratio while HCV co-infection is associated with a reduced TC/HDL ratio

Activity-Oriented Antiedema Proprioceptive Therapy (TAPA) for Shoulder Mobility Improvement in Women with Upper Limb Lymphedema Secondary to Breast Cancer: A Multicenter Controlled Clinical Trial

Lymphedema, secondary to breast cancer (BCRL), is the abnormal accumulation of protein-rich fluid in the interstitium caused by a malfunction of the lymphatic system. It causes swelling, deficiencies in upper limb functions and structures, sensory pain and emotional alterations, which have a chronic course and affect the upper limb’s functionality. This study aims to verify the efficacy and efficiency in the upper limb´s functionality of a protocolized experimental approach based on occupational therapy, TAPA (activity-oriented proprioceptive antiedema therapy), in the rehabilitation of BCRL in stages I and II, comparing it with the conservative treatment considered as the standard, complex decongestive therapy (CDT), through a multicenter randomized clinical trial.The study has been financed in the call for competitive competition of research and innovation projects in the field of Primary Care, Regional Hospitals and High Resolution Hospital Centers of the Public Health System of Andalusia for the year 2021, of the Andalusian Public Foundation Progress and Health, according to the definitive list of funded projects, published on 23 December 2021, with EXP. No.: AP-0160-2021-C2-F2, also in the call for “Grants for research projects in Occupational Therapy. Call 2020”, granted by the Professional Association of Occupational Therapists of Extremadura (COPTOEX), Spain and, in 2020, received an economic contribution from the Research Group in Primary Health Care of Aragon (GAIAP-B21-17R group)

Psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition in a longitudinal study of major depression in primary care: the predictD-Spain study

Few data exist on the psychosocial factors associated with attrition in longitudinal surveys. This study was undertaken to determine psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition from a longitudinal study of the onset and persistence of episodes of major depression in primary care

Psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition in a longitudinal study of major depression in primary care: the predictD-Spain study

Background: Few data exist on the psychosocial factors associated with attrition in longitudinal surveys. This study was undertaken to determine psychosocial and sociodemographic predictors of attrition from a longitudinal study of the onset and persistence of episodes of major depression in primary care. Methods: A systematic random sample of general practice attendees was recruited in seven Spanish provinces between October 2005 and February 2006. Major depression was diagnosed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview and a set of 39 individual and environmental risk factors for depression were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of follow-up. Data were analysed using multilevel logistic regression. Results: 7777 primary care attendees aged 18-75 years were selected, of whom 1251 (16.1%) were excluded. Of the remaining 6526, 1084 (16.6%) refused to participate. Thus, 5442 patients (attending 231 family physicians in 41 health centres) were interviewed at baseline, of whom 3804 (70%) and 3567 (66%) remained at 6 and 12 months of follow-up, respectively. The province and sociodemographic factors were stronger predictors of attrition than psychosocial factors. Depression and anxiety had no effect but other psychosocial factors affected attrition. There were different profiles for the patients lost at 12 months when predictors measured at baseline versus 6 months were included. Conclusions: These findings suggest that several psychosocial factors might be considered factors of attrition in primary care cohorts and confirm that baseline characteristics are insufficient for analysing non-response in longitudinal studies, indicating that different retention strategies should be applied for patients interviewed at 6 and 12 months

Predicting the onset of major depression in primary care: international validation of a risk prediction algorithm from Spain

Context: The different incidence rates of major depression and its associated risk factors suggest the need for specific national rather than supranational risk algorithms. Objectives: Develop and validate a predictD-Spain-risk-algorithm for the onset of major depression and compare the performance of the predictD-Spain-risk-algorithm with the predictDEurope-risk-algorithm in Spanish primary health care. Setting: Health Centers in Europe and South-America. Participants: In Spain (4574), Chile (2133) and other 5 European countries (5184), 11891 non depressed adult primary care attendees formed our at risk population. Main Outcome Measures: DSM-IV major depression (Composite International Diagnostic Interview). Results: The predictD-Spain-risk-algorithm was developed in 2787 primary care attendees in Spain and its use validated in Chile (1844) and five other European countries (4075). Six variables were patient characteristics or past events (sex, age, sex*age interaction, education, physical child abuse, and lifetime depression) and six were current status (SF-12-physical-score, SF-12-mental-score, dissatisfaction with unpaid work, number of serious problems in very close persons, dissatisfaction with living together at home, and taking medication for stress, anxiety or depression). Province was the thirteenth factor. The C-index of the predictD-Spain-risk-algorithm was 0.82 (95%CI=0.79-0.84) and in other countries it ranged between 0.70-0.83. Both the test for C-index differences (difference=0.0316; 95%CI=0.0121-0.0530; p<0.0022) and calibration plots showed that the predictD-Spain-risk-algorithm functioned better than the predictD-Europe-risk-algorithm in Spain. However, this did not hold true when 69 applied to other countries in Europe or Chile.This work was supported in Spain by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Health (grant FIS references: PI041980, PI041771, PI042450 and PI06/1442); the Andalusian Council of Health (grant references: 05/403 and 06/278) and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (grant reference SAF 2006/ 07192); the Spanish Network of Primary Care Research ‘redIAPP’ (RD06/0018), the ‘Arago ´n group’ (RD06/0018/0020), the ‘Baleares group’ (RD07/0018/ 0033), and the ‘SAMSERAP group’ (RD06/0018/ 0039). The Malaga sample, as part of the predictDInternational study, was also co-funded by a grant from the European Commission (reference QL4CT2002-00683). The research in Europe was funded by a grant from the European Commission (reference PREDICT-QL4-CT2002-00683). Funding in Chile was provided by project FONDEF DO2I-1140. Partial support in Europe was from the Estonian Scientific Foundation (grant 5696) and the Slovenian Ministry for Research (grant 4369-1027). The UK National Health Service Research and Development Office provided service support costs in the UK. The funders had no direct role in the design or conduct of the study, interpretation of the data or review of the manuscript

Cuerpo y simbolismo amerindio: diseño museográfico y docente de la colección complutense del Museo de Arqueología y Etnología de América (MAEA, Facultad de Geografía e Historia) referida al cuerpo humano

Depto. de Historia de América y Medieval y Ciencias HistoriográficasFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte

Relación entre el cansancio emocional de los estudiantes universitarios con su autoestima y satisfacción con los estudios

El trabajo que se presenta está enmarcado en la Red docente Cansancio emocional, autoestima y satisfacción con los estudios de los estudiantes universitarios, en la que participa profesorado de varios departamentos y diferentes universidades (Alicante, Elche, Murcia y Granada/campus Melilla). La competencia emocional que el estudiante tenga durante todo su proceso de aprendizaje puede ser un elemento de freno al estrés académico y a la actitud de estar quemado (burnout), teniendo como consecuencia una actitud positiva o negativa hacia los estudios y tareas que realiza. Este trabajo se plantea como objetivo analizar la relación entre el cansancio emocional, la autoestima y la satisfacción con los estudios del alumnado universitario. Estos aspectos se analizan en una muestra representativa de estudiantes de diferentes titulaciones y universidades. Los resultados nos permiten conocer la relación de variables emocionales con el grado de satisfacción con los estudios, aspectos que repercuten a lo largo de todo el proceso de aprendizaje de los estudiantes