Estudio agroeconómico del cultivo de la caña de azúcar en la parte sur-occidental de la zona cafetera de Nariño.

Caña de azúcar-Saccharum officinarumMaestría en CienciasMaestrí

Inventario tecnológico del cultivo de la papa en Colombia y aspectos económicos de las nuevas técnicas propuestas.

Papa-Solanum tuberosu

Elucidating the role of nanoparticles on photosynthetic biogas upgrading: Influence of biogas type, nanoparticle concentration and light source

Producción CientíficaThree different nanoparticles, namely Fe2O3, carbon coated zero valent iron (CACOI) and SiO2, were added to a mixed microalgae culture in order to improve photosynthetic biogas upgrading. Fe2O3 and CACOI nanoparticles at 10 mg/L supported higher CO2 consumptions compared to their respective controls. The addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles at 70 mg/L resulted in a 38 % enhanced biomass productivity, and 20 % higher CO2 consumption but delayed exponential growth. The CACOI nanoparticles at 70 mg/L resulted in a shorter lag phase, enhanced CO2 consumption by 13 %, and carbohydrate content enhancement by 64 %, while the addition of SiO2 nanoparticles at this concentration induced an enhanced lipid and carbohydrates production by 47 % and 68 %, respectively. Interestingly, UV light exposure reduced the beneficial effects of nanoparticles, although CACOI nanoparticles still supported a shorter lag phase and higher carbohydrates production at 70 mg/L. In brief, CACOI nanoparticles hold an untapped potential to promote the metabolism of microalgae during photosynthetic biogas upgrading.Junta de Castilla y León - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (projects CLU 2017-09, CL-EI-2021-07, UIC 315)Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico - Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (project IN108922

Interstitial cells of Cajal and enteric nervous system in gastrointestinal and neurological pathology. Relation to oxidative stress

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is organized into two plexuses—submucosal and myenteric—which regulate smooth muscle contraction, secretion, and blood flow along the gastrointestinal tract under the influence of the rest of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are mainly located in the submucosa between the two muscle layers and at the intramuscular level. They communicate with neurons of the enteric nerve plexuses and smooth muscle fibers and generate slow waves that contribute to the control of gastrointestinal motility. They are also involved in enteric neurotransmission and exhibit mechanoreceptor activity. A close relationship appears to exist between oxidative stress and gastrointestinal diseases, in which ICCs can play a prominent role. Thus, gastrointestinal motility disorders in patients with neurological diseases may have a common ENS and central nervous system (CNS) nexus. In fact, the deleterious effects of free radicals could affect the fine interactions between ICCs and the ENS, as well as between the ENS and the CNS. In this review, we discuss possible disturbances in enteric neurotransmission and ICC function that may cause anomalous motility in the gut

Design of a conservation program assited by genetic markers in a herd of Yacumeño cattle in Santa Cruz – Bolivia

La Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la UAGRM consolido un programa de conservación del ganado Bovino Criollo Yacumeño a partir del año 2004. La conservación de recursos zoogenéticos generalmente se realiza en poblaciones pequeñas, las cuales tienen un tamaño poblacional efectivo muy reducido. En estos casos es importante realizar apareamientos que mantengan la variabilidad genética alta y los niveles de consanguinidad bajos. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en determinar las paternidades y los linajes paternos mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares. El ADN se extrajo partir de muestras de sangre de los 149 animales del hato y se procedió a genotipificar todos los individuos utilizando 18 microsatélites y 7 marcadores del cromosoma Y. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar dos grandes grupos de vacas y 3 linajes paternos. Esta información servirá para diseñar un programa reproductivo que evite en lo posible la perdida de la variabilidad genética y mantenga niveles aceptables de consaguinidad en el hato a conservar.The Faculty of Veterinary Science of the UAGRM consolidated a conservation program of the Yacumeño Creole cattle. The conservation of zoogenetic resources is performed generally in small populations, which usually has a reduced effective population size. In those cases it is important to keep high genetic variability and low levels of consanguinity by performing specific mating among the animals. The main objective of this research consisted in determine the paternity and male lines by using molecular markers. The DNA was extracted from blood sample of 149 animals and were genotyped all the individuals using 18 microsatellites and 7 markers of the Y chromosome. The results obtained allowed to identify two groups of cows and 3 male lines. This information will be useful to design a reproductive program that avoids to a certain degree the lost of genetic variability and will keep acceptable levels of consanguinity among the herd.Fil: Pereira, J. A. C.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Carino, M. H.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Hoyos, R.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Rogberg Muñoz, Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Loza, A.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Liron, Juan Pedro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Mamani, T.. Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno; BoliviaFil: Ripoli, María Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Giovambattista, Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto de Genética Veterinaria "Ingeniero Fernando Noel Dulout"; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentin

Vitamin D Status in Hospitalized Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Background: The role of vitamin D status in COVID-19 patients is a matter of debate. Objectives: To assess serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and to analyze the possible influence of vitamin D status on disease severity. Methods: Retrospective case-control study of 216 COVID-19 patients and 197 population-based controls. Serum 25OHD levels were measured in both groups. The association of serum 25OHD levels with COVID-19 severity (admission to the intensive care unit, requirements for mechanical ventilation, or mortality) was also evaluated. Results: Of the 216 patients, 19 were on vitamin D supplements and were analyzed separately. In COVID-19 patients, mean ± standard deviation 25OHD levels were 13.8 ± 7.2 ng/mL, compared with 20.9 ± 7.4 ng/mL in controls (P < .0001). 25OHD values were lower in men than in women. Vitamin D deficiency was found in 82.2% of COVID-19 cases and 47.2% of population-based controls (P < .0001). 25OHD inversely correlates with serum ferritin (P = .013) and D-dimer levels (P = .027). Vitamin D-deficient COVID-19 patients had a greater prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, raised serum ferritin and troponin levels, as well as a longer length of hospital stay than those with serum 25OHD levels ?20 ng/mL. No causal relationship was found between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 severity as a combined endpoint or as its separate components. Conclusions: 25OHD levels are lower in hospitalized COVID-19 patients than in population-based controls and these patients had a higher prevalence of deficiency. We did not find any relationship between vitamin D concentrations or vitamin deficiency and the severity of the disease.The Camargo Cohort Study was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI18/00762), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain, which included FEDER funds from the EU

Design of a Conservation Program Assited by Genetic Markers in a Herd of YacumeñO Cattle in Santa Cruz – Bolivia

La Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la UAGRM consolido un programa de conservación del ganado Bovino Criollo Yacumeño a partir del año 2004. La conservación de recursos zoogenéticos generalmente se realiza en poblaciones pequeñas, las cuales tienen un tamaño poblacional efectivo muy reducido. En estos casos es importante realizar apareamientos que mantengan la variabilidad genética alta y los niveles de consanguinidad bajos. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en determinar las paternidades y los linajes paternos mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares. El ADN se extrajo partir de muestras de sangre de los 149 animales del hato y se procedió a genotipificar todos los individuos utilizando 18 microsatélites y 7 marcadores del cromosoma Y. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar dos grandes grupos de vacas y 3 linajes paternos. Esta información servirá para diseñar un programa reproductivo que evite en lo posible la perdida de la variabilidad genética y mantenga niveles aceptables de consaguinidad en el hato a conservar.The Faculty of Veterinary Science of the UAGRM consolidated a conservation program of the Yacumeño Creole cattle. The conservation of zoogenetic resources is performed generally in small populations, which usually has a reduced effective population size. In those cases it is important to keep high genetic variability and low levels of consanguinity by performing specific mating among the animals. The main objective of this research consisted in determine the paternity and male lines by using molecular markers. The DNA was extracted from blood sample of 149 animals and were genotyped all the individuals using 18 microsatellites and 7 markers of the Y chromosome. The results obtained allowed to identify two groups of cows and 3 male lines. This information will be useful to design a reproductive program that avoids to a certain degree the lost of genetic variability and will keep acceptable levels of consanguinity among the herd.Instituto de Genética Veterinari

Design of a Conservation Program Assited by Genetic Markers in a Herd of YacumeñO Cattle in Santa Cruz – Bolivia

La Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias de la UAGRM consolido un programa de conservación del ganado Bovino Criollo Yacumeño a partir del año 2004. La conservación de recursos zoogenéticos generalmente se realiza en poblaciones pequeñas, las cuales tienen un tamaño poblacional efectivo muy reducido. En estos casos es importante realizar apareamientos que mantengan la variabilidad genética alta y los niveles de consanguinidad bajos. El objetivo del presente trabajo consistió en determinar las paternidades y los linajes paternos mediante el uso de marcadores moleculares. El ADN se extrajo partir de muestras de sangre de los 149 animales del hato y se procedió a genotipificar todos los individuos utilizando 18 microsatélites y 7 marcadores del cromosoma Y. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron identificar dos grandes grupos de vacas y 3 linajes paternos. Esta información servirá para diseñar un programa reproductivo que evite en lo posible la perdida de la variabilidad genética y mantenga niveles aceptables de consaguinidad en el hato a conservar.The Faculty of Veterinary Science of the UAGRM consolidated a conservation program of the Yacumeño Creole cattle. The conservation of zoogenetic resources is performed generally in small populations, which usually has a reduced effective population size. In those cases it is important to keep high genetic variability and low levels of consanguinity by performing specific mating among the animals. The main objective of this research consisted in determine the paternity and male lines by using molecular markers. The DNA was extracted from blood sample of 149 animals and were genotyped all the individuals using 18 microsatellites and 7 markers of the Y chromosome. The results obtained allowed to identify two groups of cows and 3 male lines. This information will be useful to design a reproductive program that avoids to a certain degree the lost of genetic variability and will keep acceptable levels of consanguinity among the herd.Instituto de Genética Veterinari

Evaluation of the in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracts of Persea americana (Avocado) variety Choquette on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Las enfermedades infecciosas se encuentran entre las primeras causas de muerte a nivel mundial y la situación se agravada por la aparición progresiva de resistencia a las terapias farmacológicas convencionales. La Persea americana (aguacate), posee sustancias activas que regulan la proliferación de algunos microorganismos patógenos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana y concentración mínima inhibitoria de extractos de Persea americana variedad Choquette sobre el crecimiento de S. aureus ATCC 29213 y E. coli ATCC 25922. La presente fue una investigación de tipo experimental en la que se utilizaron extractos de la cáscara, pulpa y semilla a partir de solventes orgánicos. Se determinó la concentración mínima inhibidora (CMI) y bactericida (CMB) de cada extracto utilizando placas de agar Mueller Hinton las cuales fueron inoculadas con la suspensión bacteriana ajustada. La CMI y CMB para la E. coli. Tratada con la cáscara (solvente hexano y el cloroformo) fue de (1/2)1000 mg/ml; la CMI y CMB para el S. aureus (con los solventes cloroformo y acetato de etilo) fue de (1/2)1000 mg/ml, el extracto de la pulpa no presentó actividad antimicrobiana para ambos microorganismos. Los resultados reflejan actividad antimicrobiana en cascara y semilla, por lo que se propone desarrollar nuevas investigaciones orientadas hacia la caracterización de estos compuestos con miras al desarrollo de fármacos antimicrobianos.Infectious diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide and the situation is aggravated by the progressive emergence of resistance to conventional drug therapies. The Persea americana (avocado), has active substances that regulate the proliferation of some pathogenic microorganisms. The objective of this research was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of extracts of Persea americana variety Choquette on the growth of S. aureus ATCC 29213 and E. coli ATCC 25922. The present was an experimental investigation using extracts of the shell, pulp and seed from organic solvents. The minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal (MIB) concentration of each extract was determined using Mueller Hinton agar plates which were inoculated with the adjusted bacterial suspension. The MIC and CMB for E. coli. Treated with the shell (hexane solvent and chloroform) was (1/2)1000 mg/ml; the MIC and CMB for S. aureus (with the solvents chloroform and ethyl acetate) was (1/2)1000 mg/ml, the pulp extract did not present antimicrobial activity for both microorganisms. The results reflect antimicrobial activity in shell and seed, so it is proposed to develop further research aimed at the characterization of these compounds for the development of antimicrobial drugs