Diagnóstico estructural a la vivienda social construida en la ciudad de Curicó en los años 2007 – 2011

86 p.En la presente memoria se expondrá el tema sobre el diagnóstico estructural de las viviendas sociales en la ciudad de Curicó en los años 2007 – 2011.Para comenzar se hablará de la definición e historia de las viviendas sociales en Chile y la evolución de ella a través del tiempo. Además se dará a conocer la normativa que a ellas les abarca como son el Itemizado técnico y el cuadro normativo y agregando las leyes que competen en el tema. Después se dará a conocer las características y tipos de subsidios, además de los requisitos de como adquirir una vivienda social, los trámites y pasos que hay que seguir. Se hablará de la gestión de calidad de la vivienda social de los cambios y compromisos que ha tenido el estado para mejorar la calidad de la vivienda y darle un hogar más digno a las personas de escasos recursos. También se comenta sobre la ley de la calidad de la construcción que habla de las modificaciones de las leyes y las responsabilidades que tienen los profesionales al momento de construir estas viviendas. Otra cosa muy importante que se expondrá es sobre el servicio de postventa y todo lo que esto conlleva en relación a la calidad de la construcción.Luego se explicará sobre cómo aplicar el diagnóstico estructural a las viviendas, en este caso se verán las estructuras a analizar y a que han sido sometidas, que tipo de revisión tendrán externa e interna, los tipos de estructuras a analizar como albañilería confinada o armada y además de los tipos de fallas que ellas podrían llegar a tener.Más adelante se mostrará la visita a terreno, la inspección de las distintas villas a analizar y la ficha de diagnóstico que se aplicó. Se analizan estos datos obteniendo en distintos gráficos, luego tratamos de encontrar las causas de las fallar examinadas y al final sacamos las conclusiones a todos los datos analizados

Avances en la institucionalización del compromiso ambiental en las universidades colombianas

La Red Colombiana de Formación Ambiental (RCFA) y la Red Ambiental de Universidades Sostenibles (RAUS), se unen para adelantar el III Foro Colombiano Universidades y Sostenibilidad, el cual tuvo lugar los días 6 y 7 de septiembre de 2018 en la Universidad Los Libertadores en la ciudad de Cartagena. Para la realización de este Foro, se contó con el apoyo institucional de la Fundación Universidad los Libertadores, Universidad Sergio Arboleda y Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales-UDCA. Este evento se realizó tres años después del II Foro Colombiano Universidades y sostenibilidad, el cual se llevó a cabo en Agosto del 2015 en la biblioteca Aduanilla de Paiba de la Universidad Distrital en Bogotá, y cinco años después del I Foro, llevado a cabo en Octubre de 2013, en el campus universitario de la Universidad de San Buenaventura, sede Medellín (Bello, Antioquia). El primer Foro en Colombia hizo parte de la serie de diez Foros Nacionales y un Foro Latinoamericano con el mismo título que se efectuaron durante todo el año 2013, coordinados por la Alianza de Redes Iberoamericanas de Universidades por la Sustentabilidad y el ambiente (Ariusca) y la Red de Formación Ambiental para América Latina y el Caribe (RFA-ALC) del Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Medio Ambiente (PNUMA) (Sáenz et al., 2013). Todos estos eventos hicieron parte de la agenda común de Ariusa y RFA-ALC, acordada para 2013 en el marco de su participación en la Alianza Mundial de Universidades sobre Ambiente y Sostenibilidad (Gupes), que promueve la Unidad de Educación y Formación Ambiental, de la sede central del PNUMA en Nairobi. De la misma manera, el II Foro Colombiano Universidades y Sostenibilidad se articula con la nueva serie de eventos equivalentes que se vienen realizando durante 2014 y 2015 en varios países de América Latina y el Caribe, como parte de la segunda Agenda GUPES (Sáenz et al., 2013)

Measurement of the impact-parameter dependent azimuthal anisotropy in coherent ρ0 photoproduction in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The first measurement of the impact-parameter dependent angular anisotropy in the decay of coherently photoproduced ρ0 mesons is presented. The ρ0 mesons are reconstructed through their decay into a pion pair. The measured anisotropy corresponds to the amplitude of the cos(2ϕ) modulation, where ϕ is the angle between the two vectors formed by the sum and the difference of the transverse momenta of the pions, respectively. The measurement was performed by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC using data from ultraperipheral Pb−Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sNN−−−√ = 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. Different impact-parameter regions are selected by classifying the events in nuclear-breakup classes. The amplitude of the cos(2ϕ) modulation is found to increase by about one order of magnitude from large to small impact parameters. Theoretical calculations, which describe the measurement, explain the cos(2ϕ) anisotropy as the result of a quantum interference effect at the femtometer scale that arises from the ambiguity as to which of the nuclei is the source of the photon in the interaction

Charm production and fragmentation fractions at midrapidity in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Measurements of the production cross sections of prompt D0, D+, D∗+, D+s, Λ+c, and Ξ+c charm hadrons at midrapidity in proton−proton collisions at s√=13 TeV with the ALICE detector are presented. The D-meson cross sections as a function of transverse momentum (pT) are provided with improved precision and granularity. The ratios of pT-differential meson production cross sections based on this publication and on measurements at different rapidity and collision energy provide a constraint on gluon parton distribution functions at low values of Bjorken-x (10−5−10−4). The measurements of Λ+c (Ξ+c) baryon production extend the measured pT intervals down to pT=0(3)~GeV/c. These measurements are used to determine the charm-quark fragmentation fractions and the cc¯¯ production cross section at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) based on the sum of the cross sections of the weakly-decaying ground-state charm hadrons D0, D+, D+s, Λ+c, Ξ0c and, for the first time, Ξ+c, and of the strongly-decaying J/psi mesons. The first measurements of Ξ+c and Σ0,++c fragmentation fractions at midrapidity are also reported. A significantly larger fraction of charm quarks hadronising to baryons is found compared to e+e− and ep collisions. The cc¯¯ production cross section at midrapidity is found to be at the upper bound of state-of-the-art perturbative QCD calculations

Investigating the nature of the K∗0(700) state with π±K0S correlations at the LHC

The first measurements of femtoscopic correlations with the particle pair combinations π±K0S in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are reported by the ALICE experiment. Using the femtoscopic approach, it is shown that it is possible to study the elusive K∗0(700) particle that has been considered a tetraquark candidate for over forty years. Boson source parameters and final-state interaction parameters are extracted by fitting a model assuming a Gaussian source to the experimentally measured two-particle correlation functions. The final-state interaction is modeled through a resonant scattering amplitude, defined in terms of a mass and a coupling parameter, decaying into a π±K0S pair. The extracted mass and Breit-Wigner width, derived from the coupling parameter, of the final-state interaction are found to be consistent with previous measurements of the K∗0(700). The small value and increasing behavior of the correlation strength with increasing source size support the hypothesis that the K∗0(700) is a four-quark state, i.e. a tetraquark state. This latter trend is also confirmed via a simple geometric model that assumes a tetraquark structure of the K∗0(700) resonance

Pseudorapidity dependence of anisotropic flow and its decorrelations using long-range multiparticle correlations in Pb-Pb and Xe-Xe collisions

The pseudorapidity dependence of elliptic (v2), triangular (v3), and quadrangular (v4) flow coefficients of charged particles measured in Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV and in Xe-Xe collisions at sNN−−−√=5.44 TeV with ALICE at the LHC are presented. The measurements are performed in the pseudorapidity range −3.5<η<5 for various centrality intervals using two- and multi-particle cumulants with the subevent method. The flow probability density function (p.d.f.) is studied with the ratio of flow coefficient v2 calculated with four- and two-particle cumulant, and suggests that the variance of flow p.d.f. is independent of pseudorapidity. The decorrelation of the flow vector in the longitudinal direction is probed using two-particle correlations. The results measured with respect to different reference regions in pseudorapidity exhibit differences, argued to be a result of saturating decorrelation effect above a certain pseudorapidity separation, in contrast to previous publications which assign this observation to non-flow effects. The results are compared to 3+1 dimensional hydrodynamic and the AMPT transport model calculations. Neither of the models is able to simultaneously describe the pseudorapidity dependence of measurements of anisotropic flow and its fluctuations. The results presented in this work highlight shortcomings in our current understanding of initial conditions and subsequent system expansion in the longitudinal direction. Therefore, they provide input for its improvement

Two-particle transverse momentum correlations in pp and p–Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider

Two-particle transverse momentum differential correlators, recently measured in Pb--Pb collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), provide an additional tool to gain insights into particle production mechanisms and infer transport properties, such as the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density, of the medium created in Pb-Pb collisions. The longitudinal long-range correlations and the large azimuthal anisotropy measured at low transverse momenta in small collision systems, namely pp and p-Pb, at LHC energies resemble manifestations of collective behaviour. This suggests that locally equilibrated matter may be produced in these small collision systems, similar to what is observed in Pb-Pb collisions. In this work, the same two-particle transverse momentum differential correlators are exploited in pp and p-Pb collisions at s√=7 TeV and sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV, respectively, to seek evidence for viscous effects. Specifically, the strength and shape of the correlators are studied as a function of the produced particle multiplicity to identify evidence for longitudinal broadening that might reveal the presence of viscous effects in these smaller systems. The measured correlators and their evolution from pp and p--Pb to Pb--Pb collisions are additionally compared to predictions from Monte Carlo event generators, and the potential presence of viscous effects is discussed

Measurement of prompt D0, Λ+c, and Σ0,++c (2455) production in proton–proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt D0, Λ+c, and Σ0,++c(2455) charmed hadrons are measured at midrapidity (|y|<0.5) in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV. This is the first measurement of Σ0,++c production in hadronic collisions. Assuming the same production yield for the three Σ0,+,++c isospin states, the baryon-to-meson cross section ratios Σ0,+,++c/D0 and Λ+c/D0 are calculated in the transverse momentum (pT) intervals 2<pT<12 GeV/c and 1<pT<24 GeV/c. Values significantly larger than in e+e− collisions are observed, indicating for the first time that baryon enhancement in hadronic collisions also extends to the Σc. The feed-down contribution to Λ+c production from Σ0,+,++c is also reported and is found to be larger than in e+e− collisions. The data are compared with predictions from event generators and other phenomenological models, providing a sensitive test of the different charm-hadronisation mechanisms implemented in the models

Energy dependence of coherent photonuclear production of J/ψ mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at sNN \sqrt{{\textrm{s}}_{\textrm{NN}}} = 5.02 TeV

International audienceThe cross section for coherent photonuclear production of J/ψ is presented as a function of the electromagnetic dissociation (EMD) of Pb. The measurement is performed with the ALICE detector in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of $\sqrt{{\textrm{s}}_{\textrm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV. Cross sections are presented in five different J/ψ rapidity ranges within |y| < 4, with the J/ψ reconstructed via its dilepton decay channels. In some events the J/ψ is not accompanied by EMD, while other events do produce neutrons from EMD at beam rapidities either in one or the other beam direction, or in both. The cross sections in a given rapidity range and for different configurations of neutrons from EMD allow for the extraction of the energy dependence of this process in the range 17 < W$_{γ Pb,n}$ < 920 GeV, where W$_{γ Pb,n}$ is the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon of the γPb system. This range corresponds to a Bjorken-x interval spanning about three orders of magnitude: 1.1 × 10$^{−5}$ < x < 3.3 × 10$^{−2}$. In addition to the ultra-peripheral and photonuclear cross sections, the nuclear suppression factor is obtained. These measurements point to a strong depletion of the gluon distribution in Pb nuclei over a broad, previously unexplored, energy range. These results, together with previous ALICE measurements, provide unprecedented information to probe quantum chromodynamics at high energies.[graphic not available: see fulltext

Measurement of inclusive J/ψ pair production cross section in pp collisions at √s = 13 Te

The production cross section of inclusive J/ψ pairs in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s√=13 TeV is measured with ALICE. The measurement is performed for J/ψ in the rapidity interval 2.50. The production cross section of inclusive J/ψ pairs is reported to be 10.3±2.3(stat.)±1.3(syst.) nb in this kinematic interval. The contribution from non-prompt J/ψ (i.e. originated from beauty-hadron decays) to the inclusive sample is evaluated. The effective double-parton scattering cross section is computed, neglecting the single-parton scattering contribution