Evaluation of Four Novel Imported and Egyptian Curly and Non-Curly Leafed Parsley Genotypes for Yield and Essential Oil Composition Under The Egyptian Sandy Soil Growing Conditions

Four novel parsley genotypes (Moskurl 2 Petra, Moskurl 2 KRA USA, Gewone Dai 3 Rial 10, and Bravour) were imported from Netherlands to be planted and evaluated along with the Egyptian local variety “Egyptian” in the sandy soil under the Middle Egypt growing conditions. Three of the four introduced genotypes are curly-leafed varieties and one is non-curly leafed “Gewone Dai 3 Rial 10” as well as the Egyptian is a non-curly leafed variety. The aims of this experiment were to evaluate and study the growth characteristics (e.g. plant height, plant fresh and dry weights and fresh yield of leaves/m2) and some chemical properties of these genotypes (e.g. TSS and essential oil contents, essential oil composition and leaves content of chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) after adaptation and growing during the two successive winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. All introduced genotypes grew very well under these conditions and showed a very acceptable vegetative growth, profitable yield and high levels of volatile oils rich in anticancer and flavor responsible compounds and their horticultural and chemical proprieties were compared with those of the Egyptian local variety. The obtained data are very promising for Egyptian parsley growers to produce these new imported varieties in order to meet the increasing demand of parsley fresh and dry processed products with different shapes and different tastes of the Egyptian and foreign markets

Using of blue green algae extract and salicylic acid to mitigate heat stress on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plant under Siwa Oasis conditions:

Increasing temperature is a global issue due to the existing climate change problem that reduces agricultural productivity and increases prices. It badly affects the yield, and active constituents of medicinal and aromatic plants, especially in newly reclaimed lands in desert areas. The Hibiscus sabdariffa L. is a remarkable crop known for its calyces to make a refreshing drink. It is in other food industries and has many healing effects. A split-plot field experiment was conducted on Hibiscus sabdariffa L. at Siwa Oasis, Egypt, during the 2018 and 2019 seasons for studying to reduce the harmful effect of heat stress on plants and yield improvement. Spraying with three salicylic acid concentrations was put to main plots as 0, 500, and 1000 mg/l and the number of sprays with Spirulina platensis algae extract was allotted to sub-plots and used as 0, 1 and 2 times in the season. Some quantity and quality parameters were under investigation. The significant highest increases in dry weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, dry yield of sepals per hectare and sepal's anthocyanin content were from the combination among spraying with salicylic acid at the concentration of 500 mg/l and spraying with blue green algae extract twice through the season. This treatment was helpful to decrease the high-temperature injury on growth through the summer months

Introduction of Purple and Deep Purple F1 Carrot Hybrids to Egypt Showed High Antioxidant Activity and High Content of Total Flavonoids and Phenols

For the improvement of carrot cultivation in Egypt and because of the deterioration of the local Egyptian purple carrots, two novel colored (Purple and Deep Purple) F1 carrot hybrids were introduced for the first time from Netherland to be evaluated and compared to the broadly cultivated yellow Japanese F1 hybrid (Kuruda) under the Middle Egypt sandy soil growing conditions. The horticultural evaluation showed that the two purple hybrids have elongated thick roots and good vegetative growth and gave a very high yield of roots in two successive winter seasons of 2013/2014 and 2014/2015. The Deep Purple hybrid exceeded the other two hybrids in almost all studied chemical and horticultural characteristics. It showed about three folds of leaves fresh weight/plant, two folds of both root fresh weight/plant and yield/m2 when compared with Purple and Kuruda hybrids. The chemical analyses declared that the Purple and Deep Purple hybrids have higher contents of all estimated components and the Deep Purple hybrid had the highest values of total flavonoids (about two folds), total phenols (about 5-6 folds), antioxidant activity percentage (7-8 times), and total soluble solids percentage (1.5-2 times) than that of the yellow F1 hybrid “Kuruda”. These newly introduced two Purple and Deep Purple F1 hybrids may be very promising in production and processing purposes of purple carrots and good materials in carrot breeding programs in Egypt

Effect of Monosodium Glutamate on the Digestibility of Different Nutrients Using Standardized Static In vitro Digestion Model

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a flavor enhancer and food additive with a unique umami taste. Due to its widespread use in humans, this study focused on the cytotoxicity, anti-diabetic effect, and interaction with protein digestion by performing a standardized static in vitro digestion model and lipid digestion by estimating free fatty acids released from 0.5 g of olive oil during intestinal lipolysis. The study showed that monosodium glutamate has an apparent cytotoxic effect on the Caco-2 cell line in a dose-dependent manner. MSG glutamate also showed low inhibitory activity on alpha-glucosidase enzyme even at high concentrations (16.3 % at 1800 ppm). By performing simulated in vitro digestion to study the interaction between MSG and protein digestion, followed by MTT study, total protein determination, and pH drop method, all results concluded that MSG affected proteolysis. Finally, the impact of MSG on lipolysis was studied through a free fatty acid release test. The results of the study demonstrated that MSG harmed fat digestibility in a concentration-dependent manner. As a result, it is essential to conduct further studies, especially in vivo studies, to determine the potential negative effects of MSG on human health

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Activity of Single Crystal Titanate: Part-1

Single crystal TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs) were prepared using modified hydrothermal method by treatment of prepared TiO2 with NaOH aqueous solution and characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, BET surface area analysis, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR and UV–vis/DR spectroscopy. Detailed study for the effect of calcinations temperature on the morphology, textural properties, adsorption amount and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanotubes was performed. The results showed that the calcinations temperature remarkably altered the phase composition. HRTEM showed that the high-purity nanotubes can be produced through the hydrothermal treatment of TiO2, calcinated at 250 ?C.  It was found that the obtained high-purity TNTs have outer diameter of the tubular structures around 15 nm and the length is around 70 nm, the wall of nanotube is 2 layers in one side whereas it is 3 layers in another side and the interlayer spacing is about 1–1.5 nm. The prepared TiO2 nanotubes show enhanced catalytic activity in photocatalytic phenol degradation compared with TiO2 nanoparticles which show lower catalytic activities. Keywords: Titanate, Single Crystal, hydrothermal metho

Use of SiO2 - TiO2 Nanocomposite as Photocatalyst for the Removal of Trichlorophenol: A Kinetic Study and Numerical Evaluation

A series of silica-titania nanocomposite materials with different silica–titania ratios was prepared in presence of a novel ethoxylated sulphanilamide of molecular weight 1053 by the sol-gel method. Several characterisation techniques were adopted such as thermal analysis (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)), N2-adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) connected with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The surface acidity was investigated by pyridine adsorption using FTIR spectroscopy. The photocatalytic activity and the adsorptive ability of the composites were evaluated based on the photodegradation of 2, 4, 6- trichlorophenol (TCP) under UV irradiation with a wavelength of 254 nm. The maximum TCP adsorption onto the composites was measured in darkness. The results showed that there was no adsorption of TCP on pure SiO2. The 10% TiO2-SiO2 catalyst showed the highest rate of TCP removal among the synthesised composites. The removal % reached to 87 % after 90 min irradiation time. This activity was caused by the large surface area and pore volume as well as the formation of a mesoporous structure, as evidenced from the pore size distribution curve. Finally, the numerical evaluation of the photodegradation of TCP was conducted. Keywords: Nanocomposite, Ethoxylated sulphanilamide, Photocatalytic degradation, UV irradiation, 2,4,6-TCP, Numerical evaluation

Motherhood Desire as a Stimulant for Fertility Tourism Intention

This paper investigates the relationship between participants’ motherhood desire and travel intention and behaviour, through the mediating role of attitude, subjective norm and perceived behaviour control. The study adopted a questionnaire among a sample representative of females with fertility complications in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries in Egypt. In total, 138 questionnaires were gathered and tested using a partial least square structural equation modelling using WarpPLS 7.0. The findings support the proposed model and show that motherhood desire has a positive influence on attitude, subjective norm and perceived behaviour control. Also, we found that the positive effect of TPB dimensions on actual behaviour is subject to females’ intention to visit Egypt for fertility tourism. Besides, the study revealed that attitude partially mediates the link between motherhood, tourists’ revisit intention and tourists’ actual behaviour. This suggests that the positive effect of motherhood desire on tourist revisit intention and actual behaviour is subject to attitude. Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), we develop an integrative model exploring the relationship between three distinct TPB dimensions and their influence on travel behaviour for childbearing. Such findings hold important implications both for the research community and medical tourism practitioners

Bottomonia Under Effect Three Inspired QCD Potentials in the Framework of Non-Relativistic Quark Model

In this paper, we have studied the spectrum of bottomonium mesons behavior under the effect of three types of potentials inspired by Quantum Chromodynamics. In addition, other properties like Hyperfine splitting behavior, and Fine splitting behavior have been studied. We used these potential models within the non-relativistic quark model to present this study. We found that our expectations are consistent with experimental data and other theoretical works as well we presented new conclusions regarding the spectrum of unseen bottomonium states for S, P, and D-wave bottomonia. And we have expected other their characteristics