Reflections of Globalization in Society Today

There is a growing global impoverishment. Some claim that the increasing number of street children and youth, especially observable in the world's poorest countries, was one of the consequences of globalization. The article aims to explore and provoke a reflection on globalization in developing countries. Globalization or globalization as it is referred to in recent decades is more a process of global meltdown, striking and explicit, in the fields of economy, culture and politics, the process followed by a remarkable loss of meaning of power of nation-states. The opening of markets in emerging countries has caused a profound change in the economy closing industries that could not compete globally. Question the globalization of poverty and underdevelopment caused and reinforced by the accumulation of wealth and somehow still not discovered how the people can benefit in some way

Reflections of Globalization in Society Today

There is a growing global impoverishment. Some claim that the increasing number of street children and youth, especially observable in the world's poorest countries, was one of the consequences of globalization. The article aims to explore and provoke a reflection on globalization in developing countries. Globalization or globalization as it is referred to in recent decades is more a process of global meltdown, striking and explicit, in the fields of economy, culture and politics, the process followed by a remarkable loss of meaning of power of nation-states. The opening of markets in emerging countries has caused a profound change in the economy closing industries that could not compete globally. Question the globalization of poverty and underdevelopment caused and reinforced by the accumulation of wealth and somehow still not discovered how the people can benefit in some way

Policy approaches regarding technology transfer: Portugal and Switzerland compared

The environment in which technology transfer takes place plays a key role in defining the best approaches and, ultimately, their success. In the present paper we analyse the extent to which Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) efficiency is influenced by framework conditions and, in particular, by the innovation policies and programmes. We hypothesise that countries with higher technology transfer efficiency levels would have innovation policies more supportive to technology transfer efforts. Results based on an in depth account and statistical analysis of over 60 innovation policies from Switzerland (widely associated to high levels of technology transference efficiency) and Portugal (a laggard country in this particular) corraborate our initial hypothesis. Switzerland policies overall include more references to knowledge and technology transfer, in the form of licenses, R&D collaboration and spin-offs, than Portuguese policies. One exception is the case of patents (intellectual property rights, in general) with stronger weight in Portuguese policies and, to some extent, the support to spin-off creation and venture capital. The findings highlighted significant differences in variables with impact in technology transfer, namely the priorities addressed, target groups and funding eligibility, aspects of the innovation process targeted and forms of funding. From the exercise it was possible to derive some policy implications. Specifically, we advance that if a country wishes to increase technology transfer efficiency then it should implement a mandate for R&D cooperation between different actors, give priority to fund cutting edge science and research performers, and attribute a higher emphasis on applied industrial research and prototype creation aspects of the innovation process.Technology transfer, innovation policies, technology transfer efficiency

Policy approaches regarding technology transfer: Portugal and Switzerland compared

The environment in which technology transfer takes place plays a key role in defining the best approaches and, ultimately, their success. In the present paper we analyse the extent to which Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) efficiency is influenced by framework conditions and, in particular, by the innovation policies and programmes. We hypothesise that countries with higher technology transfer efficiency levels would have innovation policies more supportive to technology transfer efforts. Results based on an in depth account and statistical analysis of over 60 innovation policies from Switzerland (widely associated to high levels of technology transference efficiency) and Portugal (a laggard country in this particular) corraborate our initial hypothesis. Switzerland policies overall include more references to knowledge and technology transfer, in the form of licenses, R&D collaboration and spin-offs, than Portuguese policies. One exception is the case of patents (intellectual property rights, in general) with stronger weight in Portuguese policies and, to some extent, the support to spin-off creation and venture capital. The findings highlighted significant differences in variables with impact in technology transfer, namely the priorities addressed, target groups and funding eligibility, aspects of the innovation process targeted and forms of funding. From the exercise it was possible to derive some policy implications. Specifically, we advance that if a country wishes to increase technology transfer efficiency then it should implement a mandate for R&D cooperation between different actors, give priority to fund cutting edge science and research performers, and attribute a higher emphasis on applied industrial research and prototype creation aspects of the innovation process.Technology transfer, innovation policies, technology transfer efficiency

Diferentes apresentações das coleções de líquido intra-retiniano nas fossetas do disco óptico: estudo de 3 casos com OCT

The congenital optic disc pit is a rare anomaly that can lead to major visual impairment associated with subretinal fluid accumulation. The authors describe the optical coherence tomography study of three cases of untreated congenital optic disc pits with different levels of visual impairment and its different presentations of intraretinal fluid collections.A fosseta congênita do disco óptico é uma anomalia rara que pode levar a importante comprometimento visual associado ao acúmulo de líquido sub-retiniano. Os autores descrevem o estudo pela tomografia de coerência óptica de três casos de fossetas congênitas do disco óptico não tratadas com diferente comprometimento visual e diferente apresentação das coleções de líquido intra-retiniano.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPIBOL Setor de Retina e VítreoUNIFESPSciEL

Social mobility impact evaluation : analyzing the ProUni program

Mestrado em Economia e Políticas PúblicasEsta dissertação analisou a mobilidade social associada ao Programa Universidade para Todos (ProUni Programa Universidade para Todos), com o objetivo principal de melhorar a acessibilidade ao ensino superior para estudantes com baixo rendimento através da concessão de bolsas parciais ou integrais em universidades privadas do Brasil. O programa lançado em 2004 sob a presidência de Lula foi estudado aplicando a metodologia desenvolvida por Chetty et al.(2017). A mobilidade em termos de rendimento é analisada usando o rendimento do agregado familiar declarada dos estudantes beneficiários (bolsistas ou bolseiros) do ProUni. A mobilidade ascendente é definida como a percentagem de estudantes que atingem rendimentos superiores aos dos seus pais. No entanto, o índice de mobilidade não permite inferir uma relação causal direta entre o rendimento pré e pós-programa. Os resultados sugerem que o ProUni tem um efeito positivo na promoção da mobilidade social intergeracional no Brasil, em particular para aqueles que receberam bolsa integral.This dissertation analyzed the intergenerational social mobility linked to the University for All program (ProUni Programa Universidade para Todos), with the main goal to enhance the accessibility to Higher Education for low-income students through the provision of partial and full scholarships on private Universities in Brazil. The program launched in 2004 under Lula's presidency was studied applying the methodology developed by Chetty et al. (2017). The intergenerational income mobility is analyzed using the declared household income of ProUni's full and partial scholarship holders. Upward mobility is defined as the percentage of students who attain to achieve higher incomes when compared to their parents. However, the mobility index does not directly infer a causal relationship between the income pre and post-program. The results suggest that ProUni has a positive effect on promoting social mobility in Brazil, especially for those who received full scholarship.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Support for agricultural development and agribusiness exports in São Tomé and Principe: lessons and policy options from Dominican Republic

This study examines the agricultural sector in São Tomé and Príncipe, with a focus on the commercial development of its SMEs. The country faces constraints that prevent their products from accessing international markets. Combining existing literature, interviews with relevants take holders, and a benchmark of best policies using the case study of Dominican Republic, the paper provides three practical policy recommendations: (i) to create incentives for cooperative development; (ii) to provide holistic business services with one-stop-shops; and (iii) to implement trade departmentsindiplomaticinstitutions.Thesepoliciesareexpectedtoprovideafavorableenvironmentforagri-businessdevelopment and facilitate access to international market