O Poder Constituinte Derivado Reformador e a Emenda Constitucional nº 91, de 18 de fevereiro de 2016: uma análise em comparação com as demais Emendas às Constituições brasileiras

Este trabalho, valendo-se de estudo investigativo histórico realizado a partir da análise de todas as Emendas relativas a todas as Constituições brasileiras desde a independência do Brasil, tem por objetivo a realização de um exame comparativo e qualitativo da Emenda Constitucional nº 91/2016. A constatação de algumas particularidades, como o fato de não referir-se a um dispositivo constitucional específico da Constituição e a estipulação de um prazo de 30 dias para produção de efeitos, culminou na necessidade de averiguar os requisitos de validade da EC nº 91/2016, não se restringindo aos procedimentos para a sua admissão, mas englobando os requisitos formais e materiais que envolvem o instituto. Aponta-se a incompatibilidade com o Poder Constituinte Derivado de Reforma da aprovação de uma Emenda temporária e sem referência de alteração e/ou acréscimo específico a dispositivo constitucional. Objetiva-se verificar o perfil formal das Emendas Constitucionais brasileiras, por meio do método dedutivo, tendo como premissa que as ECs, salvo em caso de específica realidade constitucional, sempre precisaram de um processo mais dificultoso; e sempre alteraram precisamente a redação dos respectivos textos constitucionais. Por último, discorre-se sobre a hipótese de a EC nº 91/2016 ter sido única na história constitucional brasileira

THE RELATIVITY OR NOT OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO SILENCE

This Article brings out specific and deepened approach to the right to silence, examining the hypothesis according to which the aforementioned constitutional and fundamental right would be relative or not. With the aim of scrutinizing the right to silence, based on an investigative stimulus provoked by a concrete situation resulting from a court decision, the present study starts from the analysis of the idea of ​​complementarity and interdisciplinarity between Public Law and Private Law, as well as among varied branches of law. This is because the right to silence itself, better explored in the second chapter, depending on interpretations and theoretical developments, can gravitate and transit, sometimes more, sometimes less, along with Public and Private Laws. And because the right to silence is, at the same time, another right to freedom found in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution, its specific research in this article is preceded by directed evaluation of other fundamental freedoms, such as the expression of thought, among others developed in the text. Finally, considering the analytical-deductive methodology used, supported by theories, legislation, legal norms and current concrete decisional examples, this research revisits classical themes, but strengthens and innovates them with a peculiar and specific epistemological and hermeneutic exercise

Bulky Counterions: Enhancing the Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence of Gold Nanoclusters

International audienc

Comparative genomics and transcriptomic response to root exudates of six rice root-associated Burkholderia sensu lato species

International audienceBeyond being a reliable nutrient provider, some bacteria will perceive the plant as a potential host and undertake root colonization leading to mutualistic or parasitic interactions. Bacteria of the Burkholderia and Paraburkholderia genera are frequently found in the rhizosphere of rice. While the latter are often described as plant growth promoting species, Burkholderia are often studied for their human opportunistic traits. Here, we used root exudate stimulation on three Burkholderia and three Paraburkholderia strains isolated from rice roots to characterize their preliminary adaptation to the rice host at the transcriptomic level. Instead of the awaited genus-dependent adaptation, we observed a strongly species-specific response for all tested strains. While all bacteria originate from the rice environment, there are great disparities in their levels of adaptation following the sensing of root exudates. We further report the shared major functions that were differentially regulated in this early step of bacterial adaptation to plant colonization, including amino acids and putrescine metabolism, the Entner-Doudoroff (ED) pathway as well as cyclic diguanylate monophosphate (c-di-GMP) cycling

Long-Range Chromosome Organization in E. coli: A Site-Specific System Isolates the Ter Macrodomain

The organization of the Escherichia coli chromosome into a ring composed of four macrodomains and two less-structured regions influences the segregation of sister chromatids and the mobility of chromosomal DNA. The structuring of the terminus region (Ter) into a macrodomain relies on the interaction of the protein MatP with a 13-bp target called matS repeated 23 times in the 800-kb-long domain. Here, by using a new method that allows the transposition of any chromosomal segment at a defined position on the genetic map, we reveal a site-specific system that restricts to the Ter region a constraining process that reduces DNA mobility and delays loci segregation. Remarkably, the constraining process is regulated during the cell cycle and occurs only when the Ter MD is associated with the division machinery at mid-cell. The change of DNA properties does not rely on the presence of a trans-acting mechanism but rather involves a cis-effect acting at a long distance from the Ter region. Two specific 12-bp sequences located in the flanking Left and Right macrodomains and a newly identified protein designated YfbV conserved with MatP through evolution are required to impede the spreading of the constraining process to the rest of the chromosome. Our results unravel a site-specific system required to restrict to the Ter region the consequences of anchoring the Ter MD to the division machinery

Manifestações do grupo fotográfico La Carpeta de los Diez nos últimos quinze anos no mercado da arte em Buenos Aires

La intención del presente trabajo radica en indagar la recuperación del grupo fotográfico La Carpeta de los Diez desde el mercado del arte de Buenos Aires en los últimos quince años a partir de la obra de algunos de sus miembros más destacados, en contraste con el escaso desarrollo de estudios sobre el grupo por parte de la academia y la historia de la fotografía. Se realizará un relevamiento de las diversas apariciones de La Carpeta y sus miembros desde inicios de este siglo en galerías y ferias, y se buscará comprender cómo y por qué su obra es retomada por dichas instituciones especializadas en comercialización de arte.This paper investigates the recovery of the work of the photographic group La Carpeta de los Diez, which was carried out by the art market of Buenos Aires during the last fifteen years. This recovery contrasts with the lack of study of the same work on behalf of the scholars specialized in the history of photography. By surveying the different appearances of La Carpeta since the beginning of this century, it will become clear that its work has recently become very relevant for the art market, being taken up by fairs and specialized institutions. This study will seek to understand the reasons behind this trend.A intenção do presente trabalho consiste em estudar a recuperação do grupo fotográfico La Carpeta de los Diez no mercado da arte de Buenos Aires nos últimos quinze anos, a partir da obra de alguns dos seus membros mais destacados, em contraste com o escasso desenvolvimento de estudos sobre o grupo por parte da academia e da história da fotografia. Realiza-se um mapeamento das diversas manifestações do grupo La Carpeta e dos seus membros desde o início deste século em galerias e feiras, e procura-se compreender como e por que a sua obra é retomada pelas instituições especializadas na comercialização de arte.Fil: Pestarino, Julieta. Universidad de Belgrano. Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo. Centro de Investigación del Imaginario Visual; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Determinants of Refusal of A/H1N1 Pandemic Vaccination in a High Risk Population: A Qualitative Approach

International audienceBackground: Our study analyses the main determinants of refusal or acceptance of the 2009 A/H1N1 vaccine in patients with cystic fibrosis, a high-risk population for severe flu infection, usually very compliant for seasonal flu vaccine.Methodology/Principal Findings: We conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews in 3 cystic fibrosis referral centres in Paris, France. The study included 42 patients with cystic fibrosis: 24 who refused the vaccine and 18 who were vaccinated. The two groups differed quite substantially in their perceptions of vaccine- and disease-related risks. Those who refused the vaccine were motivated mainly by the fears it aroused and did not explicitly consider the 2009 A/H1N1 flu a potentially severe disease. People who were vaccinated explained their choice, first and foremost, as intended to prevent the flu’s potential consequences on respiratory cystic fibrosis disease. Moreover, they considered vaccination to be an indirect collective prevention tool. Patients who refused the vaccine mentioned multiple, contradictory information sources and did not appear to consider the recommendation of their local health care provider as predominant. On the contrary, those who were vaccinated stated that they had based their decision solely on the clear and unequivocal advice of their health care provider.Conclusions/Significance: These results of our survey led us to formulate three main recommendations for improving adhesion to new pandemic vaccines. (1) it appears necessary to reinforce patient education about the disease and its specific risks, but also general population information about community immunity. (2) it is essential to disseminate a clear and effective message about the safety of novel vaccines. (3) this message should be conveyed by local health care providers, who should be involved in implementing immunization

Multiple star systems in the Orion nebula

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final fersion is available from EDP Sciences via the DOI in this record.This work presents an interferometric study of the massive-binary fraction in the Orion Trapezium cluster with the recently comissioned GRAVITY instrument. We observed a total of 16 stars of mainly OB spectral type. We find three previously unknown companions for θ1 Ori B, θ2 Ori B, and θ2 Ori C. We determined a separation for the previously suspected companion of NU Ori. We confirm four companions for θ1 Ori A, θ1 Ori C, θ1 Ori D, and θ2 Ori A, all with substantially improved astrometry and photometric mass estimates. We refined the orbit of the eccentric high-mass binary θ1 Ori C and we are able to derive a new orbit for θ1 Ori D. We find a system mass of 21.7 M⊙ and a period of 53 days. Together with other previously detected companions seen in spectroscopy or direct imaging, eleven of the 16 high-mass stars are multiple systems. We obtain a total number of 22 companions with separations up to 600 AU. The companion fraction of the early B and O stars in our sample is about two, significantly higher than in earlier studies of mostly OB associations. The separation distribution hints toward a bimodality. Such a bimodality has been previously found in A stars, but rarely in OB binaries, which up to this point have been assumed to be mostly compact with a tail of wider companions. We also do not find a substantial population of equal-mass binaries. The observed distribution of mass ratios declines steeply with mass, and like the direct star counts, indicates that our companions follow a standard power law initial mass function. Again, this is in contrast to earlier findings of flat mass ratio distributions in OB associations. We excluded collision as a dominant formation mechanism but find no clear preference for core accretion or competitive accretion.Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant AgreementFCT-PortugalERC Starting Gran