22 research outputs found

    7.000 A脩OS DE HISTORIA EN EL FIN DEL MUNDO

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    Se ha propuesto que las migraciones podr铆an expli-car cambios culturales identificados en el registro ar-queol贸gico de Patagonia Austral, como el desarrollo de estrategias de aprovechamiento de recursos marinos y modificaciones en las herramientas utilizadas. El an谩lisis del genoma de individuos de origen arqueol贸gico revela una continuidad gen茅tica durante 6.600 a帽os y sugiere que los movimientos poblacionales no explican la apari-ci贸n de la adaptaci贸n marina, adquirida por desarrollo local o por transmisi贸n cultural. Sin embargo, dos even-tos de migraci贸n posteriores estar铆an correlacionados con cambios vinculados a tecnolog铆as l铆ticas. Adem谩s, se observa que ocurrieron procesos de mestizaje entre grupos vecinos hace 1.500 a帽os

    Ancient and modern mitogenomes from Central Argentina: New insights into population continuity, temporal depth and migration in South America

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    The inverted triangle shape of South America places Argentina territory as a geographical crossroads between the two principal peopling streams that followed either the Pacific or the Atlantic coasts, which could have then merged in Central Argentina (CA). Although the genetic diversity from this region is therefore crucial to decipher past population movements in South America, its characterization has been overlooked so far. We report 92 modern and 22 ancient mitogenomes spanning a temporal range of 5000 years, which were compared with a large set of previously reported data. Leveraging this dataset representative of the mitochondrial diversity of the subcontinent, we investigate the maternal history of CA populations within a wider geographical context. We describe a large number of novel clades within the mitochondrial DNA tree, thus providing new phylogenetic interpretations for South America. We also identify several local clades of great temporal depth with continuity until the present time, which stem directly from the founder haplotypes, suggesting that they originated in the region and expanded from there. Moreover, the presence of lineages characteristic of other South American regions reveals the existence of gene flow to CA. Finally, we report some lineages with discontinuous distribution across the Americas, which suggest the persistence of relic lineages likely linked to the first population arrivals. The present study represents to date the most exhaustive attempt to elaborate a Native American genetic map from modern and ancient complete mitochondrial genomes in Argentina and provides relevant information about the general process of settlement in South America.This work was supported by Agencia Nacional de Promoci贸n de la Investigaci贸n, el Desarrollo Tecnol贸gico y la Innovaci贸n (PICT 2007-1549, PICT 2012-711 and PICT 2015-3155), Secretar铆a de Ciencia y Tecnolog铆a (Universidad Nacional de C贸rdoba), Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnolog铆a de la Provincia de C贸rdoba (PID 2018-79) and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas (2015-11220150100953CO). M.P. is a postdoctoral fellow and A.G., R.N., J.M.B.M, C.M.B., M.F. and D.A.D. are research career members of CONICET, Argentina

    An homoplasmic large deletion in mtDNA control region: case report

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    We report a new case of a large, homoplasmic Control Region deletion in human mitochondrial DNA. A missing 154 bp fragment spanning positions 16154?16307 was found in an apparently healthy blood donor from Salta (NW Argentina) whose maternal lineage was attributable to Native American haplogroup D1. The same mutation, to the best of our knowledge, has been independently reported before only twice, in both homoplasmic and heteroplasmic states.Fil: Motti, Josefina Mar铆a Brenda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; ArgentinaFil: Alfaro, E. L.. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biolog铆a de la Altura; ArgentinaFil: Dipierri, Jose Edgardo. Universidad Nacional de Jujuy. Instituto de Biolog铆a de la Altura; ArgentinaFil: Muzzio, Marina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; ArgentinaFil: Ramallo, Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; ArgentinaFil: Santos, Mar铆a Rita. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; ArgentinaFil: Irwin, J. A.. Armed Forces Dna Identification Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Scheible, M.. Armed Forces Dna Identification Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Saunier, J. L.. Armed Forces Dna Identification Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Coble, M. B.. Armed Forces Dna Identification Laboratory; Estados UnidosFil: Bailliet, Graciela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; ArgentinaFil: Bravi, Claudio Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas y T茅cnicas. Centro Cient铆fico Tecnol贸gico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernaci贸n. Comisi贸n de Investigaciones Cient铆ficas. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biolog铆a Celular; Argentin

    Continental Origin for Q Haplogroup Patrilineages in Argentina and Paraguay

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    Haplogroup Q originated in Eurasia around 30,000 years ago. It is present in Y-chromosomes from Asia and Europe at rather low frequencies. Since America is undoubtedly one of the continents where this haplogroup is highly represented, it has been defined as one of the founding haplogroups. Its M3 clade has been early described as the most frequent, with Pan-American representation. However, it was also possible to find several other haplogroup Q clades at low frequencies. Numerous mutations have been described for haplogroup Q, allowing the analysis of its variability and the assignment of its geographic origin. We have analyzed 442 samples belonging to haplogroup Q of unrelated men from Argentina and Paraguay, but this work is specifically referred to 27 Q (xM3) lineages. We tested 3 SNPs by APLP, 3 for RFLP, 15 SNPs by Sanger sequencing, and 17 STRs. Our approach allowed us to identify 5 sub-haplogroups. Q-M3 and Q-CTS2730/Z780 are undoubtedly autochthonous lineages and represent the most frequent sub-haplogroups. With significant representation in self-defined aboriginal populations, their autochthonous status has been previously described. The aim of present work is to identify the continental origin of the remaining Q lineages. Thus, we analyzed the STR haplotypes for the samples of our series and compared them with haplotypes described by other authors for the rest of the world. Even when haplogroup Qs have been extensively studied in America, some of them could have their origin in post Columbian human migration from Europe and Middle East

    Primer genoma mitocondrial en restos humanos de la Costa de Santa Cruz, Argentina

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    En este trabajo se presenta la secuencia completa de ADN mitocondrial, obtenida a partir de restos óseos de un hombre adulto, hallado en el sitio Cañadón Misioneros (provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina), con una antigüedad de 70 ± 30 años antes del presente. La secuencia corresponde al haplogrupo (hg) D4h3a5, nativo de América y exclusivo del sur de Patagonia, donde ha sido descripto tanto en muestras antiguas como actuales. Esta secuencia constituye el primer dato de ADN mitocondrial en la costa atlántica de Patagonia con la resolución suficiente para definir a nivel de subhaplogrupo. Se discuten las implicancias en cuanto a los vínculos biológicos de las poblaciones que habitaron esa porción del espacio patagónico en el marco de la información genética y arqueológica disponible.We describe the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of an adult male skeleton, discovered at Cañadón Misioneros (Santa Cruz Province, Argentina), and dated 70 ± 30 years before present. The DNA sequence corresponded to haplogroup D4h3a5, native to the Americas and exclusive to the south of Patagonia, where it has been observed both in ancient and present-day individuals. This is the first mitochondrial DNA data of the Atlantic coast of Patagonia of sufficient resolution to permit classification at the subhaplogroup level. The implications for the genetic affinities of populations of this region of Patagonia will be discussed in the context of available genetic and archaeological information

    Origen y distribuci贸n espacial de linajes maternos nativos en el noroeste y centro oeste argentinos/ Origin and spatial distribution of native maternal lineages in Northwest and Center West of Argentina

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    RESUMEN El empleo de los polimorfismos del ADN mitocondrial para caracterizar a las poblaciones humanas ha permitido distinguir patrones geogr谩ficos de distribuci贸n de linajes, detectando posibles rutas de poblamiento. En Argentina existen regiones cl谩sicamente identificadas como libres de pueblos originarios, quedando espacios vac铆os de informaci贸n en cuanto a la distribuci贸n de linajes nativos. Sin embargo, los pueblos de las regiones del centro-oeste y noroeste no fueron exterminados sino que fueron asimilados biol贸gicamente primero, a la sociedad colonial y luego, a la sociedad estatal. Los procesos de mestizaje tuvieron una tendencia sexo asim茅trica permitiendo la conservaci贸n de los linajes maternos nativos en elevadas proporciones. En este trabajo se analizan 1951 muestras obtenidas en centros de salud de catorce localidades del centro-oeste y noroeste de Argentina y se comprueba que el 90% de los haplogrupos mitocondriales son propios de Am茅rica. La agrupaci贸n de localidades en base a la distribuci贸n de frecuencias de haplogrupos nativos mediante AMOVA indica que las localidades de Maimar谩 y La Quiaca constituyen una entidad claramente diferenciada, en coincidencia con los datos arqueol贸gicos y ling眉铆sticos. Las elevadas frecuencias de haplogrupo D en La Rioja y de haplogrupo A en Villa Tulumaya pueden representar fen贸menos poblacionales prehisp谩nicos. Se postula entonces la utilidad de abordar a la poblaci贸n actual como v铆a de acceso al conocimiento del origen de los linajes mitocondriales nativos y su distribuci贸n espacial.  PALABRAS CLAVE ADN mitocondrial; nativos americanos; mestizaje ABSTRACT The use of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms for identifying human populations has allowed the distinction of geographical patterns of lineage distribution, detecting possible peopling routes. In Argentina there are regions that were classically defined as empty of Native American people, leaving areas without information regarding the Native lineage distribution. However, the peoples of the Center-West and North-West were not exterminated but biologically assimilated first to the colonial society and then to the state society. The admixture processes had a sex-asymmetric tendency, allowing the conservation of maternal lineages in high proportions. In this paper we analyze 1951 samples from healthcare centers in 14 locations of the Center-West and North-West of Argentina and we found that 90% of the mitochondrial haplogroups are American. This means that by studying the current population we can access the Native American mitochondrial lineages. In this context we tested grouping locations by their haplogroup frequency distribution with an AMOVA. We found that Maimar谩 and La Quiaca are a clearly differentiated entity, in coincidence with archaeological and linguistic data. It should be pointed out that the high frequencies of haplogroup D in La Rioja and haplogroup A in Villa Tulumaya may represent prehispanic population phenomena. We hypothesize then the usefulness of studying the current population as a way to know the origin of native mitochondrial lineages and their spatial distribution.  KEY WORDS mitochondrial DNA; Native Americans; miscegenatio

    Origen y distribuci贸n espacial de linajes maternos nativos en el noroeste y centro oeste argentinos/ Origin and spatial distribution of native maternal lineages in Northwest and Center West of Argentina

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    RESUMEN聽El empleo de los polimorfismos del ADN mitocondrial para caracterizar a las poblaciones humanas ha permitido distinguir patrones geogr谩ficos de distribuci贸n de linajes, detectando posibles rutas de poblamiento. En Argentina existen regiones cl谩sicamente identificadas como libres de pueblos originarios, quedando espacios vac铆os de informaci贸n en cuanto a la distribuci贸n de linajes nativos. Sin embargo, los pueblos de las regiones del centro-oeste y noroeste no fueron exterminados sino que fueron asimilados biol贸gicamente primero, a la sociedad colonial y luego, a la sociedad estatal. Los procesos de mestizaje tuvieron una tendencia sexo asim茅trica permitiendo la conservaci贸n de los linajes maternos nativos en elevadas proporciones. En este trabajo se analizan 1951 muestras obtenidas en centros de salud de catorce localidades del centro-oeste y noroeste de Argentina y se comprueba que el 90% de los haplogrupos mitocondriales son propios de Am茅rica. La agrupaci贸n de localidades en base a la distribuci贸n de frecuencias de haplogrupos nativos mediante AMOVA indica que las localidades de Maimar谩 y La Quiaca constituyen una entidad claramente diferenciada, en coincidencia con los datos arqueol贸gicos y ling眉铆sticos. Las elevadas frecuencias de haplogrupo D en La Rioja y de haplogrupo A en Villa Tulumaya pueden representar fen贸menos poblacionales prehisp谩nicos. Se postula entonces la utilidad de abordar a la poblaci贸n actual como v铆a de acceso al conocimiento del origen de los linajes mitocondriales nativos y su distribuci贸n espacial. 聽PALABRAS CLAVE ADN mitocondrial; nativos americanos; mestizaje ABSTRACT The use of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms for identifying human populations has allowed the distinction of geographical patterns of lineage distribution, detecting possible peopling routes. In Argentina there are regions that were classically defined as empty of Native American people, leaving areas without information regarding the Native lineage distribution. However, the peoples of the Center-West and North-West were not exterminated but biologically assimilated first to the colonial society and then to the state society. The admixture processes had a sex-asymmetric tendency, allowing the conservation of maternal lineages in high proportions. In this paper we analyze 1951 samples from healthcare centers in 14 locations of the Center-West and North-West of Argentina and we found that 90% of the mitochondrial haplogroups are American. This means that by studying the current population we can access the Native American mitochondrial lineages. In this context we tested grouping locations by their haplogroup frequency distribution with an AMOVA. We found that Maimar谩 and La Quiaca are a clearly differentiated entity, in coincidence with archaeological and linguistic data. It should be pointed out that the high frequencies of haplogroup D in La Rioja and haplogroup A in Villa Tulumaya may represent prehispanic population phenomena. We hypothesize then the usefulness of studying the current population as a way to know the origin of native mitochondrial lineages and their spatial distribution. 聽KEY WORDS mitochondrial DNA; Native Americans; miscegenatio

    Origen y distribuci贸n espacial de linajes maternos nativos en el noroeste y centro oeste argentinos/ Origin and spatial distribution of native maternal lineages in Northwest and Center West of Argentina

    No full text
    RESUMEN聽El empleo de los polimorfismos del ADN mitocondrial para caracterizar a las poblaciones humanas ha permitido distinguir patrones geogr谩ficos de distribuci贸n de linajes, detectando posibles rutas de poblamiento. En Argentina existen regiones cl谩sicamente identificadas como libres de pueblos originarios, quedando espacios vac铆os de informaci贸n en cuanto a la distribuci贸n de linajes nativos. Sin embargo, los pueblos de las regiones del centro-oeste y noroeste no fueron exterminados sino que fueron asimilados biol贸gicamente primero, a la sociedad colonial y luego, a la sociedad estatal. Los procesos de mestizaje tuvieron una tendencia sexo asim茅trica permitiendo la conservaci贸n de los linajes maternos nativos en elevadas proporciones. En este trabajo se analizan 1951 muestras obtenidas en centros de salud de catorce localidades del centro-oeste y noroeste de Argentina y se comprueba que el 90% de los haplogrupos mitocondriales son propios de Am茅rica. La agrupaci贸n de localidades en base a la distribuci贸n de frecuencias de haplogrupos nativos mediante AMOVA indica que las localidades de Maimar谩 y La Quiaca constituyen una entidad claramente diferenciada, en coincidencia con los datos arqueol贸gicos y ling眉铆sticos. Las elevadas frecuencias de haplogrupo D en La Rioja y de haplogrupo A en Villa Tulumaya pueden representar fen贸menos poblacionales prehisp谩nicos. Se postula entonces la utilidad de abordar a la poblaci贸n actual como v铆a de acceso al conocimiento del origen de los linajes mitocondriales nativos y su distribuci贸n espacial. 聽PALABRAS CLAVE ADN mitocondrial; nativos americanos; mestizaje ABSTRACT The use of mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms for identifying human populations has allowed the distinction of geographical patterns of lineage distribution, detecting possible peopling routes. In Argentina there are regions that were classically defined as empty of Native American people, leaving areas without information regarding the Native lineage distribution. However, the peoples of the Center-West and North-West were not exterminated but biologically assimilated first to the colonial society and then to the state society. The admixture processes had a sex-asymmetric tendency, allowing the conservation of maternal lineages in high proportions. In this paper we analyze 1951 samples from healthcare centers in 14 locations of the Center-West and North-West of Argentina and we found that 90% of the mitochondrial haplogroups are American. This means that by studying the current population we can access the Native American mitochondrial lineages. In this context we tested grouping locations by their haplogroup frequency distribution with an AMOVA. We found that Maimar谩 and La Quiaca are a clearly differentiated entity, in coincidence with archaeological and linguistic data. It should be pointed out that the high frequencies of haplogroup D in La Rioja and haplogroup A in Villa Tulumaya may represent prehispanic population phenomena. We hypothesize then the usefulness of studying the current population as a way to know the origin of native mitochondrial lineages and their spatial distribution. 聽KEY WORDS mitochondrial DNA; Native Americans; miscegenatio

    Informaci贸n bioantropol贸gica publicada de Patagonia Austral. Un abordaje de la situaci贸n actual desde el data-sharing

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    The technical advancements that took place during the last decades have influenced directly the sciences, allowing for the utilization of new research tools that have consequently generated new knowledge. These new developments have bettered the communications and access to information across the globe. In this new framework, data sharing arises as a global trend for the free access to data produced during research investigations. This trend is not well developed for Patagonia Austral. However, before sharing data, it is necessary to know what information can and want to be shared among scientists. To gain a better understanding of what information is available for Patagonia Austral that would allow the implantation of data sharing for this region, we reviewed some the major journals in which articles on archaeological human remains from Southern Patagonia are published. Specifically, we consider 88 articles and evaluated 18 variables. The results showed that, although the data presented in the original papers are correct, the contextual information of those data is not presented accordingly. This contextual information is known as metadata. It is necessary that the community of bio-anthropologists lay the groundwork to standardize the information that would be shared in the future, with spatial attention to the metadata.Los avances t茅cnicos de las 煤ltimas d茅cadas han incidido en el 谩mbito cient铆fico conllevando un aumento en la generaci贸n de nuevos conocimientos. Estos nuevos desarrollos han permitido mejorar las comunicaciones y el acceso a la informaci贸n. En estas condiciones, aparece una corriente global, el data sharing, que aboga por la libre puesta en disposici贸n de los datos producto de las investigaciones cient铆ficas. Esta tendencia no est谩 desarrollada en el 谩rea de Patagonia Austral. Sin embargo, antes de intercambiar datos, es importante conocer qu茅 tipo de informaci贸n se puede o pretende compartir. Con el fin de acercarnos a la situaci贸n en la que se encuentra la informaci贸n disponible en la regi贸n, se realiz贸 un an谩lisis bibliogr谩fico de las principales revistas donde se publican art铆culos del 谩mbito de la bioantropolog铆a en Patagonia Austral. Se analizaron 18 variables en 88 art铆culos. Los resultados mostraron que, si bien el dato final de la investigaci贸n es presentado de manera correcta, no lo es la informaci贸n que contextualiza ese dato, los metadatos. Se plantea la necesidad de que la comunidad bioantropol贸gica siente unas bases que permitan estandarizar aquello que se quiera compartir en un futuro, con especial atenci贸n a los metadatos
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