Consumer behaviour concerning food safety in Brazil and New Zealand : modelling food safety risk in the home : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Food Technology (Food Safety) at Massey University, Manawatu, New Zealand

Foodborne illnesses are among the most widespread public health issues, killing about 2.2 million people annually worldwide, and costing hundreds of billions of US dollars for governments, companies, families and consumers. In Brazil, foodborne illness in the home accounts for 44% of identified disease outbreaks and in New Zealand it represents 27% of notifiable disease outbreaks. Several studies have investigated aspects of consumer behaviour concerning food safety, but it remains a challenge to obtain a full picture of critical control points (CCPs) and key factors contributing to food contamination, pathogen growth or survival, when the food is under the consumer’s responsibility. This study aimed to assess threats to food safety in the home in Brazil and New Zealand. From August 2011 to March 2012, survey questionnaires from 2,775 consumers most responsible for cooking in the home in Brazil were collected. From September 2012 to November 2012, 658 households in New Zealand responded to the same survey. Both surveys found similar CCPs with the potential to threaten food safety in the domestic environment – food preparation, cooking and handling leftovers. Information from New Zealand suggests that choosing and purchasing food, and for Brazil food transportation, are also steps of concern. The age, marital status, gender, ethnicity, first-aid in response to illness and the way a person learned to cook had a significant influence in the risky practices of consumers in both countries, suggesting that similar consumer behaviour concerning food safety can be found in countries of substantially different degrees of economic development and culture. The young, the men, socioeconomic minorities, people most susceptible to illness and ethnic groups were people of most concern, often ranked at-risk, demanding special attention of public health authorities in both countries. The CCPs of most concern and contributing factors identified in this study were officially reported in New Zealand, helping to validate the methodology used in this study and its possible use in other countries. Furthermore, food safety educational campaigns built on the steps of most concern and groups ranked at moderate or high risk, have the potential to be most effective in reducing food poisoning in the home

Innovation Challenges in Latin American Administration

Faced with new challenges, public administration is searching for new levels of responsiveness and efficiency. In most emergent nations, the success of new proposals has been jeopardized by a strong popular distrust in government agencies and actions as well as an era of greater resource scarcity. This chapter deals with some new responses considering the Latin America context. We conducted a documentary survey on public administration responses in Latin America, which allowed to distinguish the possibilities to move toward an ideal of collaborative governance, new public policy values, and public-private partnership, thus reinforcing the arguments about a new logic for thinking about public administration

Circumstantial evidences for mimicry of scorpions by the neotropical gecko Coleodactylus brachystoma (Squamata, Gekkonidae) in the Cerrados of central Brazil

There are few records of invertebrates mimicry by reptiles. In the Cerrados of central Brazil, the small Coleodactylus brachystoma is an endemic species common in the islands and margins of the Serra da Mesa hydroelectric dam reservoir. When cornered, this lizard folds the tail over the body exposing the pale-orange ventral surface. Lizard behavior, tail length and color pattern confer to this lizard a strong resemblance with syntopic buthid scorpions Rhopalurus agamenon, Tytius matogrossensis, and Anantheris balzani. Lizards and scorpions share the same tail color, size, and shape. Ecologically, they use the same microhabitats, are exposed to the same potential predators, and present similar behaviors when threatened

Dificuldades das organizações no apoio a projectos culturais

Estudos têm sido realizados abordando os efeitos do patrocínio, mas pouco tem sido pesquisado no Brasil a respeito do processo de escolha dos patrocínios por estas organizações. Através de estudos de casos, esta pesquisa identifica quais as principais dificuldades enfrentadas na condução do processo de seleção de projetos culturais. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com pessoas-chave, cuja experiência no setor foi preponderante para a escolha. O estudo sugere que os principais problemas são gerados devido ao despreparo dos profissionais envolvidos no processo e as falhas de comunicação entre as partes envolvidas, servindo de base para futuras pesquisas, em busca de soluções para as questões aqui levantadas.Projetos Culturais, Seleção de projetos, Patrocínio, Marketing cultural

Cold War rivalry on Brazil’s and Argentina’s nuclear programs: examining military and civilian intentions

This article seeks to verify whether the development of the nuclear programs in Brazil and Argentina was influenced by the rise of military regimes in both countries, especially by the context of the Cold War. To this end, this research has a qualitative nature, which takes as its method the bibliographic review of articles, books, theses, and dissertations, to analyse the nuclear programs of both countries and the impacts of the Cold War upon them. It was found that while in the literature on the History of International Relations it is commonly reported that during the Cold War, regions peripheric to the poles of power, such as Latin America, were completely subject  to the pressures of the United States and the Soviet Union, it is proposed that at least regarding nuclearization, there were disputes between the main regional powers (Brazil and Argentina) with the United States about policies to be implemented as well as the diversification of partnerships in pursuit of technological transfer. In addition, it was noticed that the mutual distrust between Brazil and Argentina regarding the degree of development and real intentions underscoring their respective nuclear programs brought about a Cold War like dynamics in the Southern Cone.The objective of this article is to investigate whether Cold War rivalry influenced the development of nuclear programs in Brazil and Argentina. The research employs a qualitative approach and bibliographic analysis of primary sources, including articles, books, and other relevant sources. The main hypothesis is to examine whether the culture of Cold War rivalry stimulated the development of nuclear programs in these countries, analysing the military and civilian intentions behind their nuclear technologies. While it is commonly reported that Latin America was under the influence of the United States (US) and the Soviet Union (USSR) during the Cold War, the cases of Brazil and Argentina show the opposite. Both countries adopted independent nuclear policies, seeking technological transfer through diversified and autonomous partnerships. Additionally, these divergent positions included arguments and actions regarding their respective nuclear policies. However, mutual distrust between Brazil and Argentina regarding the advancement and sophistication of their nuclear programs generated a dynamic similar to the Cold War in the Southern Cone region. This dynamic originated internally based on the logic of the two countries, despite the later creation of joint non-proliferation mechanisms

A Structural Guide To In-Depth Interviewing In Business And Industrial Marketing Research

Purpose – The authors aim to present a structural guide for data collection in a participant-oriented, B2B context. Design/methodology/approach – A three-stage interview process following the work of Seidman is presented, along with key issues on how to plan, structure, and execute a B2B interview-based hermenuetic ethnographic study. Research limitations/implications – The framework presented in this paper provides strong theoretical foundation for further theory development in global industrial marketing research and managerial cognition research. However, given the conceptual nature of the research, empirical scrutiny and further conceptual and empirical research are required. Originality/value – There is a serious gap in the literature when addressing the issue of B2B contextual studies, focusing on managers, manufacturers, and various other professional personnel

Investigando as causas da falta de movimentos antinucleares na India durante a Guerra Fria

This essay aims to explain the lack of robust antinuclear movements in India during a period that ranges from the 1950s to the 1970s. Such movements arose throughout the world. During the 1960s, people rallied for this agenda in the United States, France, the United Kingdom, and even in New Zealand. India, on the other hand, tested a nuclear device in 1974, at the known Pokhran-I test (or “Smiling Buddha”), but did not face such grassroots uprisings. In this sense, this research design applied a deductive congruence analysis built on a bibliographical review. A case study on the Indian context tested previously elaborated the main hypotheses. It was inferred that this phenomenon was caused by four elements: (a) few possibilities to public participation; (b) scant available information on nuclear policy; (c) lack of a political schism between national elites and civil society on this topic; and at last (d) geopolitical dynamics.Este ensaio pretende explicar a falta de movimentos antinucleares robustos na Índia durante um período que vai desde os anos 1950 até aos anos 1970. Tais movimentos surgiram em todo o mundo. Durante os anos 60, as pessoas mobilizaram-se para esta agenda nos Estados Unidos, França, Reino Unido, e mesmo na Nova Zelândia. A Índia, por outro lado, testou seu dispositivo nuclear em 1974, no conhecido teste de Pokhran-I (ou “Smiling Buddah”) mas não enfrentou uma contestação popular sobre tal matéria. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa teve como objetivo aplicar uma análise de congruência dedutiva construída com base numa revisão bibliográfica. Um estudo de caso sobre o contexto indiano testou hipóteses previamente elaboradas. Foi inferido que este fenômeno foi causado por quatro elementos: (a) poucas possibilidades de participação pública; (b) pouca informação disponível sobre política nuclear; (c) falta de cisma político entre as elites nacionais e a sociedade civil sobre este tema; e, por fim, (d) dinâmica geopolítica

A Structural Guide To In-Depth Interviewing In Business And Industrial Marketing Research

Purpose – The authors aim to present a structural guide for data collection in a participant-oriented, B2B context. Design/methodology/approach – A three-stage interview process following the work of Seidman is presented, along with key issues on how to plan, structure, and execute a B2B interview-based hermenuetic ethnographic study. Research limitations/implications – The framework presented in this paper provides strong theoretical foundation for further theory development in global industrial marketing research and managerial cognition research. However, given the conceptual nature of the research, empirical scrutiny and further conceptual and empirical research are required. Originality/value – There is a serious gap in the literature when addressing the issue of B2B contextual studies, focusing on managers, manufacturers, and various other professional personnel