Conformal Invariance and Quantum Aspects of Matter

The vacuum sector of the Brans-Dicke theory is studied from the viewpoint of a non-conformally invariant gravitational model. We show that, this theory can be conformally symmetrized using an appropriate conformal transformation. The resulting theory allows a particle interpretation, and suggests that the quantum aspects of matter may be geometrized.Comment: 6 page

Conformal Invariance and Wave-Particle Duality

We present a conformally invariant generalized form of the free particle action by connecting the wave and particle aspects through gravity. Conformal invariance breaking is introduced by choosing a particular configurat$ of dynamical variables. This leads to the geometrization of the quantum aspects of matter.Comment: 5 page

Investigating the selected sub-goals of sustainable development indicators in the health, environment and sanitation sectors in Iran and their comparison with the world situation during the years 2013 to 2018

زمینه و اهداف: توسعه پایدار، توسعه‌ای انسان محور است که به مثابه یکی از مهمترین قالب‌های فکری توسعه در قرن بیست و یکم، تمامی عرصه‌های زندگی آدمی را در کنار هم با محوریت سلامت انسان و جامعه مورد توجه قرار می‌دهد. هدف از انجام مطالعه حاضر، بررسی وضعیت ایران از لحاظ برخی شاخص‌های توسعه پایدار است. مواد و روش­ ها: روش مطالعه روش استنادی بوده و برخی زیر اهداف شاخص‌های گزارش شده مرتبط با بخش‌های محیط زیست، بهسازی محیط و سلامت، انتخاب و ضمن مقایسه وضعیت کشور با متوسط جهانی در برخی موارد در صورت دسترسی به داده‌های خاورمیانه و یا کشورهای با در آمد متوسط رو به بالا مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته است. تمامی مراحل مطالعه حاضر طبق موازین اخلاقی اجرا گردید یافته‌ها: ایران در مقایسه با کشورهای جهان و کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به بالا از نظر شاخص‌های مرتبط با دسترسی به آب آشامیدنی و تاسیسات دفع بهداشتی وضعیت مناسبی دارد. همچنین در برخی شاخص‌ها مانندکاهش شیوع سل و مالاریا و ابتلا به ایدز پیشرفت چشمگیری داشته است. تماس جامعه با ذرات معلق کوچکتر از 5/2 میکرون طی سال‌های اخیر افزایش یافته است. 36 درصد از سکته‌ها و بیماری ایسکمیک قلبی و 14 درصد از سرطان ریه به آلودگی هوا نسبت داده شده است. نتیجه‌گیری: هرچند ایران در مقایسه با سایر کشورهای جهان در بیشتر زیر شاخص‌های بهداشتی توسعه پایدار، وضعیتی بهتر از میانگین جهانی و کشورهای با درآمد متوسط رو به بالا دارد؛ اما شاخص‌های مرتبط با مسائل زیست محیطی (آلودگی هوا)، چالش‌های اساسی آتی خواهند بود.Background and objectives: Sustainable development based on human being is considered as one of the most important criteria in 21st century. It covers a wide range of human lives with individuals and community health as the main pillar. Materials and methods: A documentary methodology was adopted in the present study. Indicators related to the environment and health targets were selected and analyzed by comparing the country with international average, the Middle East and in some cases with upper middle income countries. All stages of the study were conducted according to moral standards. Results: Iran has a good status in indices related to the safety managed drinking water and basic sanitation services. Population exposure to fine particulate matter (less than 2.5 Micron) has increased in recent years. Almost 36 percent of stroke and ischemic heart diseases, 14 percent of lung cancers, 8 percent of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and 6 percent of acute lower respiratory diseases are attributed to air pollution. Considerable progress have been achieved in some indices such as reduction in tuberculosis and malaria outbreaks and newly incidence of HIV cases. Conclusion: Although Iran shows a better status than the world average and upper middle income countries in most of the health related indicators of sustainable development, the country's environmental issues (e.g. air pollution) is still a major challenge, which call for rapid and effective management measures in this area

Scalar-tensor cosmology with R^{-1} curvature correction by Noether Symmetry

We discuss scalar-tensor cosmology with an extra $R^{-1}$ correction by the Noether Symmetry Approach. The existence of such a symmetry selects the forms of the coupling $\omega(\phi)$, of the potential $V(\phi)$ and allows to obtain physically interesting exact cosmological solutions.Comment: 7 page

Noether symmetric f(R)f(R) quantum cosmology and its classical correlations

We quantize a flat FRW cosmology in the context of the $f(R)$ gravity by Noether symmetry approach. We explicitly calculate the form of $f(R)$ for which such symmetries exist. It is shown that the existence of a Noether symmetry yields a general solution of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation where can be expressed as a superposition of states of the form $e^{iS}$. In terms of Hartle criterion, this type of wave function exhibits classical correlations, i.e. the emergent of classical universe is expected due to the oscillating behavior of the solutions of Wheeler-DeWitt equation. According to this interpretation we also provide the Noether symmetric classical solutions of our $f(R)$ cosmological model.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, to appear in PL