Identification of occupational accidents reporting components and developing a new national pattern for recording and reporting occupational accidents

Background and Aims:. Identification of the most important components of occupational accidents coupled with precise and accurate documentation of them enable us to analyze occupational accidents on both macro- and micro-scale. These analyses play a key role in drawing a policy and application for prevention of occupational accident. The present study aimed to identify important parameters in occupational accident documentation and to develop a new national pattern for recording and reporting of occupational accidents.Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, nine important occupational accident reporting models belonging to valid organizations were selected and the distinctive features and similarities of these models were determined through meta-analytic analysis. , The important native elements involved in models of occupational accidents reporting were then determined using the Delphi technique and validated by three criteria including usability, relevancy, and necessity. All stages of this research were conducted ethically.Results: In general, 42 components for reporting and documentation of occupational accidents were determined. The proposed final model encompasses five categories including injured worker information, accident information, accident causes information, and information about accident time.Conclusion: Applying the obtained results and customized model in the present study make it possible to analyze occupational accidents in the micro- and macro-scal

Current Approaches to Develop a Live Vaccine against Leishmania major

Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease that is endemic in 88 countries. Most of the patients after recovery from the infection develop a long-lived natural immunity against re-infection. Reactivation of leishmaniasis subsequent to suppression of the immune system due to HIV infection or administration of systemic immunosuppressive drugs, underscores the importance of developing new drugs and effective vaccine. Despite the many efforts that have been done, there is still no effective vaccine. Up to now, many candidate vaccines from three generations of the vaccine, including Live/killed vaccines, subunit vaccines, and DNA vaccines have been developed and studied. However the sophisticated vaccines, such as prime-boost DNA vaccines are introduced, the best results are obtained from live vaccines. As safety is the most important obstacle to the use of live vaccines, many different approaches have been used to enhance the safety of live vaccine candidates. In this short review, these approaches are summarized

ENPP: Extended Non-preemptive PP-aware Scheduling for Real-time Cloud Services

By increasing the use of cloud services and the number of requests to processing tasks with minimum time and costs, the resource allocation and scheduling, especially in real-time applications become more challenging. The problem of resource scheduling, is one of the most important scheduling problems in the area of NP-hard problems. In this paper, we propose an efficient algorithm is proposed to schedule real-time cloud services by considering the resource constraints. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm shorten the processing time of tasks and decrease the number of canceled tasks

The effect of education for iron consumption based on the theory of planned behavior in pregnant women in Mashhad

Background and aim: Iron is an essential element for women of reproductive age, especially in the period before pregnancy and during this period. This study was aimed to investigate the consumption of iron to prevent iron deficiency anemia based on the theory of planned behavior on pregnant women in Mashhad city. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was done on 160 pregnant women referred to health center No. 1 in Mashhad town who were allocated to case (80) and control (80) groups randomly in 2014. Intervention was done in four 75- minute sessions. Data were collected using a questionnaire made by researcher based on the theory of planned behavior and blood lab exam (Ferritin). Questionnaires were distributed and completed immediately, and 3 months after educational intervention were repeated again. Results: The average rates of knowledge, attitude, perceived behavioral control and intention to use of iron intervention group was increased 3 months after the intervention significantly (P0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the effect of education in promoting iron consumption in pregnant women, it is suggested that iron supplementation promotion workshops should be held in health centers with the aim of preventing iron deficiency anemia in health centers

شناسایی مولفه های حائز اهمیت حوادث شغلی و ارائه مدل بومی ثبت و گزارش‌دهی حوادث شغلی

Background and Aims:. Identification of the most important components of occupational accidents coupled with precise and accurate documentation of them enable us to analyze occupational accidents on both macro- and micro-scale. These analyses play a key role in drawing a policy and application for prevention of occupational accident. The present study aimed to identify important parameters in occupational accident documentation and to develop a new national pattern for recording and reporting of occupational accidents. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, nine important occupational accident reporting models belonging to valid organizations were selected and the distinctive features and similarities of these models were determined through meta-analytic analysis. , The important native elements involved in models of occupational accidents reporting were then determined using the Delphi technique and validated by three criteria including usability, relevancy, and necessity. All stages of this research were conducted ethically. Results: In general, 42 components for reporting and documentation of occupational accidents were determined. The proposed final model encompasses five categories including injured worker information, accident information, accident causes information, and information about accident time. Conclusion: Applying the obtained results and customized model in the present study make it possible to analyze occupational accidents in the micro- and macro-scaleزمینه و اهداف: ثبت تعیین مولفه­های حائز اهمیت حوادث شغلی و ثبتِ دقیق و صحیح آنها، امکان تحلیل حوادث شغلی در مقیاس خرد و کلان را فراهم می­نماید. این تحلیل­ها در سیاست گذاری و برنامه ریزی پیشگیری از حوادث نقش کلیدی را ایفا می‌کنند. مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناسایی پارامترهای حائز اهمیت در ثبت حوادث شغلی و ارائه مدل بومی گزارش آن به انجام رسید. مواد و روش‌ها: در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی، 9 مدل گزارش حادثه مربوط به سازمان‌های معتبر در این حوزه انتخاب و با آنالیز فراتحلیلی وجوه تمایز و تشابه آنها تعیین گردید. سپس با استفاده از تکنیک دلفی، مولفه­های بومی حائز اهمیت در گزارش­دهی حوادث تعیین و توسط سه معیار (کاربردی بودن)، (مرتبط بودن) و(ضروری بودن) اعتبار سنجی شدند. تمامی مراحل مطالعه حاضر طبق موازین اخلاقی اجرا گردید.  یافته‌ها: تعداد 42 مولفه برای ثبت و گزارش حوادث شغلی حاصل گردید و بر اساس آنها مدل نهایی برای ثبت و گزارش حادثه شغلی در پنج حیطه ارائه شد. این حیطه‌ها عبارتند از: مولفه‌های حادثه دیده، مولفه‌های حادثه ایجاد شده، مولفه‌های علل حادثه، مولفه پیامد حادثه، مولفه‌های زمانی. نتیجه‌گیری: ثبت حادثه، حادثه شغلی، مولفه های گزارشدهی حادث

Prognostic Value of Serum Fibrinogen Level in Determining the Severity of Appendicitis Inflammation in Adult and Pediatric Patients Undergoing Appendectomy in Two Local Centres in Tehran

Background: Despite the recent advancements, negative appendectomy cases are notable, especially in children. We evaluated the prognostic value of serum fibrinogen level for the prediction of the severity of acute appendicitis. Methods: A cross-sectional study of children and adults who had undergone appendectomy at Ali Asghar and Rasool-e Akram hospitals, Iran, was performed. Before surgery, serum fibrinogen level was assessed by using the Clauss technique. Finally, serum fibrinogen was compared between the two groups of complicated acute appendicitis and uncomplicated ones. Results: In the adult's complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis, no significant differences were noted in gender distribution, WBC count, and segment levels. Serum fibrinogen and C-reactive protein levels in children with complicated appendicitis were significantly higher than those in the uncomplicated ones. Serum fibrinogen level of 450 mg/dl was the optimum cut-off for predicting the severity of appendicitis in children. Serum fibrinogen level in adults with the complicated appendicitis was significantly higher than the uncomplicated appendicitis group. Also, 530 mg/dl was found the best serum fibrinogen cut-off to predict the severity of appendicitis in adults. Conclusion: Serum fibrinogen level is an appropriate diagnostic marker for the distinction of acute complicated appendicitis from uncomplicated appendicitis in children and adults

YKL-40 Gene Expression and Plasma Levels of CD30 are not Affected by Isoflurane or Propofol: Pilot Study

Background: It has been hypothesized that the body's response to anesthesia techniques can increase risk of cancer recurrence and metastatic disease after surgery and also can modulate immune responses. Some acute inflammatory markers have been measured to survey the immunomodulatory effect of anesthesia, but in this research, we studied the plasma level of CD30 and YKL-40 gene expression which can present major changes of the immune system.Materials and Methods: Our study was a controlled before and after study. 34 women with biopsy-proven breast cancer were randomized to receive either propofol general anesthesia (n=17) or standard isoflurane general anesthesia (n=17). There were no significant differences between the two patient groups in age, body weight, and height, length of general anesthesia, operative time and group of surgery. The blood samples were collected in two different sets, before anesthesia and 72-h postoperatively. Soluble CD30 (sCD30) plasma level was measured by ELISA and YKL-40/CHI3L1 gene expression was evaluated by real-time-PCR.Results: The results showed that the anesthetics, propofol and isoflurane, have no effect on the expression of YKL-40. Despite increased in the expression of YKL-40 that was observed in patients receiving isoflurane, this increase was not statistically significant. There was no significant increase or decrease in plasma concentrations of sCD30.Conclusion: YKL-40 and sCD30 are not affected by isoflurane or propofol.  So, in immunological perspective, there is no preference in use of isoflurane or propofol in breast cancer patients

Decision making in Ischemic cardiomyopathy: variability in physicians’ approaches and patients’ adherence

Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a common cardiovasculardisease with conflicting evidence regardingits management and a high risk profile for revascularizationprocedures that seems to have resulted invariable approach of physicians toward its management,and likewise, significant patient non-adherence to physicianrecommendation. We included patients with 3-vesseldisease and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)<45%(ICM group; n=825), and patients with LM diseaseand LVEF ≥45% (LM group; n=162), detected by coronaryangiography at Tehran Heart Center. Variation of recommendationsamong cardiologists was evaluated. The rateof coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) non-adherencewas also determined, as well as its predictors and outcomein ICM group. Decision making was more variable inICM group, compared to LM group. CABG non-adherencewas significantly more common in ICM group (32.4%),compared to LM group (10.0%) (P<0.001). Advancedage, being female, absence of angina, creatinine >2mg/dl,severe left ventricular dysfunction, absence of LM diseaseand moderate or severe mitral regurgitation were predictorsof CABG non-adherence. ICM patients with CABGnon-adherence had significantly more all-cause mortality(Hazard Ratio [HR]: 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.28-3.04), and more all-cause mortality, revascularizationor hospitalization due to cardiac disease (HR: 1.94, 95%CI: 1.41-2.67), than those who received CABG. WhileICM is a common disorder encountered frequently in dailypractice of cardiologists, there is a significant variability indecision making, as well as a significant non-adherencetolifesaving recommendations for these patients

The effect of fasting on the functioning of the immune system based on the measurement of plasma granulysin level

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objectives: Plasma granulysin levels as a biomarker of the immune system are currently being considered. NK cells are a major source of plasma granulysin. Plasma granulysin levels can reflect the total population of NK cell activity in the body. The effect of Ramadan fasting on the immune system function based on the measurement of plasma granulysin levels  have not been studied yet.Materials and Methods: A total of 44 male volunteers with a mean age of 41.15±13.6 years were selected for the study. Blood samples were obtained on the 29th days of fasting and also four month after Ramadan. Plasma Granulysin, triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (Chol), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), FBS, Uric acid and CRP were investigated.Results: It was observed that the mean concentrations of serum CRP on the 29th day of Ramadan were significantly lower than those recorded four months after Ramadan. Mean concentrations of serum LDL on the 29th day of Ramadan were significantly higher than those recorded four months after Ramadan. There was no difference between fasting and non-fasting groups in plasma granulysin levels.Conclusion: Fasting caused modulation in the CRP level, but did not affect plasma granulysin levels.Keywords:  Ramadan fasting; Granulysin; ImmunomodulationFor downloading the full-text of this article please click here

Towards Understanding the Interconnection between Celestial Pole Motion and Earth’s Magnetic Field Using Space Geodetic Techniques

The understanding of forced temporal variations in celestial pole motion (CPM) could bring us significantly closer to meeting the accuracy goals pursued by the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), i.e., 1 mm accuracy and 0.1 mm/year stability on global scales in terms of the Earth orientation parameters. Besides astronomical forcing, CPM excitation depends on the processes in the fluid core and the core–mantle boundary. The same processes are responsible for the variations in the geomagnetic field (GMF). Several investigations were conducted during the last decade to find a possible interconnection of GMF changes with the length of day (LOD) variations. However, less attention was paid to the interdependence of the GMF changes and the CPM variations. This study uses the celestial pole offsets (CPO) time series obtained from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations and data such as spherical harmonic coefficients, geomagnetic jerk, and magnetic field dipole moment from a state-of-the-art geomagnetic field model to explore the correlation between them. In this study, we use wavelet coherence analysis to compute the correspondence between the two non-stationary time series in the time–frequency domain. Our preliminary results reveal interesting common features in the CPM and GMF variations, which show the potential to improve the understanding of the GMF’s contribution to the Earth’s rotation. Special attention is given to the corresponding signal between FCN and GMF and potential time lags between geomagnetic jerks and rotational variations.J.M.F was partially supported by Spanish Projects PID2020-119383GB-I00 (AEI/FEDER, UE) and PROMETEO/2021/030 (Generalitat Valenciana). S.B was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana SEJIGENT program (SEJIGENT/2021/001) and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the ERC2017-STG SENTIFLEX project (Grant Agreement 755617)