9 research outputs found
On the Digital Holographic Interferometry of Fibrous Material, I. Optical Properties of Polymer and Optical Fibers
The digital holographic interferometry (DHI) was utilized for investigating
the optical properties of polymer and optical fibers. The samples investigated
here were polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) polymer fiber and graded-index (GRIN)
optical fiber. The phase shifting Mach-Zehnder interferometer was used to
obtain five phase-shifted holograms, in which the phase difference between two
successive holograms is pi/2, for each fiber sample. These holograms were
recorded using a CCD camera and were combined to gain a complex wavefield,
which was numerically reconstructed using the convolution approach into
amplitude and phase distributions. The reconstructed phase distribution was
used to determine the refractive index, birefringence and refractive index
profile of the studied samples. The mean refractive index has been measured
with accuracy up to 4 {\times} 10-4. The main advantage of DHI is to overcome
the manual focusing limitations by means of the numerical focusing. The results
showed accurate measurements of the optical properties of fibers.Comment: abstract, reference
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Physical activity level and stroke risk in US population: A matched case–control study of 102,578 individuals
YesBackground: Stroke has been linked to a lack of physical activity; however, the extent of the association between inactive lifestyles and stroke risk has yet to be characterized across large populations.
Purpose: This study aimed to explore the association between activity-related behaviors and stroke incidence.
Methods: Data from 1999 to 2018 waves of the concurrent cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were extracted. We analyzed participants characteristics and outcomes for all participants with data on whether they had a stroke or not and assessed how different forms of physical activity affect the incidence of disease.
Results: Of the 102,578 individuals included, 3851 had a history of stroke. A range of activity-related behaviors was protective against stroke, including engaging in moderate-intensity work over the last 30 days (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.7–0.9; P = 0.001) and vigorous-intensity work activities over the last 30 days (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001), and muscle-strengthening exercises (OR = 0.6, 95% CI = 0.5–0.8; P < 0.001). Conversely, more than 4 h of daily TV, video, or computer use was positively associated with the likelihood of stroke (OR = 11.7, 95% CI = 2.1–219.2; P = 0.022).
Conclusion: Different types, frequencies, and intensities of physical activity were associated with reduced stroke incidence, implying that there is an option for everyone. Daily or every other day activities are more critical in reducing stroke than reducing sedentary behavior duration