Enhanced Hygiene Measures and Norovirus Transmission during an Outbreak

Enhanced hygiene measures can reduce norovirus transmission potential by 85%

FACTORES SOCIOECONOMICOS COADYUDANTES EN PERITONITIS AGUDA HOSPITAL DE APOYO "HIPOLITO UNANUE" TACNA PRIMER SEMESTRE 2002

Estudio prospectivo de corte longitudinal, con recolección de datos directamente de pacientes, portadores de apendicitis aguda por ser la patología más frecuente de abdomen agudo y por ende donde se encontrará el mayor número de complicaciones.   Los resultados encontrados fueron, 108 casos de apendicitis aguda diagnosticados y operados existiendo una predominancia del sexo masculino con (62,04%) el grupo erario más afectado fue el de 20 a 29 años (38.89%) dentro de este no predomino ningún sexo.   44,4% procedía del cercado le sigue Gregorio Albarracín con 22.22% y ciudad nueva 11.11% esto estaría de acuerdo con la densidad poblacional que tienen estos lugares. El mayor número era estudiantes 28.70% seguido por las amas de casa y 24.07% económicamente son dependientes.   La vivienda es propia en 79.63%. En nuestro estudio casi todos contaban con estos servicios de ahí quedas condiciones higiénicas fueran consideradas en la mayoría de casos como regulares.   En lo referente al tipo de alimentación es catalogada como regular en 74.07%. En cuanto a los aspectos clínicos de la enfermedad encontramos 46.30% que tuvieron un día de enfermedad, con dos días de enfermedad 23.15%, con tres días de enfermedad 14.81% el resto de casos 15.73% acudieron con más de cuatro días de enfermedad Debemos destacar que en la apendicitis aguda se presenta la perforación de la misma y por ende la complicación por lo general a las 24 horas por lo que existe cierta demora en acudir a la consulta médica.   En relación a los signos síntomas de la apendicitis aguda los encontrados concuerdan con lo referido en la literatura.   En el diagnostico pre operatorio se encontró 54 casos (50%) diagnosticados como apendicitis aguda simple, 49 casos (45.37%) de apendicitis complicada con peritonitis localizada, 3 casos (2.78%) de apendicitis aguda complicada con peritonitis generalizada y finalmente 2 casos (1.85%) diagnosticados como plastrón apendicular abscedado. Como puede apreciarse el porcentaje de complicaciones es alto estamos con un 50% de apendicitis complicadas en alguna de sus formas lo que nos indica claramente que los pacientes acuden tardíamente a la consulta por cuanto fundamentalmente no cuentan con los recursos económicos necesarios debido a sus bajos ingresos y entonces tratan de "solucionar" su problema de salud acudiendo a la "medicina tradicional" i/o boticarios.   En todos los pacientes con apendicitis aguda se realizaron. Apendicetomía en 58 pacientes (53.70%). Apendicetomía más drenaje de la cavidad peritoneal a 39 pacientes (36.11%). Finalmente se realizó laparotomías exploradoras al 10.19%.   El 54 (50%) fueron diagnosticados como apendicitis agudas complicadas ya sea con peritonitis - localizada, generalizada o plastrón apendicular abscedado encontrándose en estos pacientes 21 casos (38.88%) con complicaciones, existiendo mayor incidencia en el sexo masculino con 15 casos (71.43%), siendo las mismas infecciones de herida operatoria 18 casos (85.71%).   En relación a los antibióticos utilizados debemos señalar que fueron los de tipo genérico por su menor costo y ser más asequibles a la economía de los pacientes

A case of Q fever after liver transplantation

Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, is a zoonosis that causes both acute and chronic disease in humans. Few cases have been reported in solid organ transplant recipients, and this case highlights the need to include Q fever in the differential diagnosis for fever of unknown origin in solid organ transplant hosts.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138856/1/tid12737_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/138856/2/tid12737.pd

FACTORES SOCIOECONÓMICOS COADYUDANTES EN PERITONITIS AGUDA HOSPITAL DE APOYO "HIPÓLITO UNANUE" TACNA PRIMER SEMESTRE 2002

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar los factores socioeconómicos coadyuvantes en peritonitis aguda en el Hospital Hipólito Unanue de Tacna. Mediante un estudio prospectivo de corte longitudinal, se ha recolectado los datos directamente en 108 pacientes portadores de apendicitis aguda, por ser la patología más frecuente de abdomen agudo y en consecuencia en la que se da el mayor número de complicaciones. De los 108 casos de apendicitis aguda diagnosticados y operados, se encontró que el grupo etáreo de sexo masculino fue más afectado el de varones (62,04%), y el 38.89% se encontraba entre los 20 y 29 años de edad. En relación a la procedencia el 44.4% procedía del cercado. En lo referente al tipo de alimentación es catalogada como regular en 74,07%. La vivienda es propia en 79.63%. En lo concerniente a los signos y síntomas de la apendicitis aguda, los encontrados concuerdan con lo referido a la literatura. Fueron diagnosticados como apendicitis aguda complicada 54 casos (50%). Los antibióticos utilizados fueron los de tipo genérico, por su menor costo y ser más asequibles a la economía de los pacientes

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a Beauty Salon, the Netherlands

An outbreak of community-associated USA300 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus occurred in a beautician and 2 of her customers. Eight other persons, who were either infected (n = 5) or colonized (n = 3), were linked to this outbreak, including a family member, a household contact, and partners of customers

Dynamics of biofilm formation and the interaction between Candida albicans and methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Polymicrobial biofilms are an understudied and a clinically relevant problem. This study evaluates the interaction between C. albicans, and methicillin- susceptible (MSSA) and resistant (MRSA) S. aureus growing in single- and dual-species biofilms. Single and dual species adhesion (90 min) and biofilms (12, 24, and 48 h) were evaluated by complementary methods: counting colony-forming units (CFU mL-1), XTT-reduction, and crystal violet staining (CV). The secretion of hydrolytic enzymes by the 48 h biofilms was also evaluated using fluorimetric kits. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess biofilm structure. The results from quantification assays were compared using two-way ANOVAs with Tukey post-hoc tests, while data from enzymatic activities were analyzed by one-way Welch-ANOVA followed by Games-Howell post hoc test ( = 0.05). C. albicans, MSSA and MRSA were able to adhere and to form biofilm in both single or mixed cultures. In general, all microorganisms in both growth conditions showed a gradual increase in the number of cells and metabolic activity over time, reaching peak values between 12 h and 48 h (<0.05). C. albicans single- and dual-biofilms had significantly higher total biomass values (<0.05) than single biofilms of bacteria. Except for single MRSA biofilms, all microorganisms in both growth conditions secreted proteinase and phospholipase-C. SEM images revealed extensive adherence of bacteria to hyphal elements of C. albicans. C. albicans, MSSA, and MRSA can co-exist in biofilms without antagonism and in an apparent synergistic effect, with bacteria cells preferentially associated to C. albicans hyphal forms.CNPq (Council for Technical and Scientific Development) (Grant 400658/2012-7)Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal (SFRH/BPD/71076/2010)CAPES(Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level Personnel

New bird records for the Serranía de Las Quinchas, Colombia: inventory update and comments on distributions in an altitudinal gradient

The diversity of birds in the Las Quinchas mountain range amounted to 374 taxa in 2007, most of them distributed in the tropical region of the massif. We made five sampling trips between March and October 2019 to different locations in the Tropical and Sub-Andean regions of Las Quinchas, we added 11 species increasing in 3% the avian richness of the mountains. The 383 species are distributed in 55 families and 22 orders. One species is categorized as Critically Endangered and four are the Vulnerable. There was greater species richness in the upper part of the mountains and low turnover between altitude ranges

Taxonomic and functional diversity of birds in a rural landscape of high Andean forest, Colombia

We evaluated the taxonomic and functional diversity of birds in a rural landscape in the north-eastern Andes of Colombia. We carried out seven field trips and used transects of 300 m, separated from each other by 500 m in the dominant plant cover of the rural landscape. We measured alpha (α) and beta (β) diversity at both the taxonomic and functional levels. We registered 10 orders, 21 families, 56 genera and 63 species of birds. In wooded pasture, we recorded 55 species and a relative abundance of 66% and 44 and 34% for an Andean forest fragment. The species that contributed the most to the dissimilarity between the covers were Zonotrichia capensis, Turdus fuscater, Mecocerculus leucophrys, Atlapetes latinuchus and Crotophaga ani. We identified nine functional types, where G1 was made up of small species with anissodactyl and pamprodactyl legs that were insectivorous, frugivorous and nectarivorous as the best represented. The FEve and FDiv were 0.51 and 0.74, respectively in the Andean forest fragment plant cover and, for the wooded pasture, the FEve was 0.45 and the FDiv was 0.81. Both cover types contributed to the diversity of the rural landscape and the dynamics that existed between them formed a complementary factor that favoured the taxonomic and functional richness of the characterised rural landscape

Taxonomic and functional diversity of birds in a rural landscape of high Andean forest, Colombia

We evaluated the taxonomic and functional diversity of birds in a rural landscape in the north-eastern Andes of Colombia. We carried out seven field trips and used transects of 300 m, separated from each other by 500 m in the dominant plant cover of the rural landscape. We measured alpha (α) and beta (β) diversity at both the taxonomic and functional levels. We registered 10 orders, 21 families, 56 genera and 63 species of birds. In wooded pasture, we recorded 55 species and a relative abundance of 66% and 44 and 34% for an Andean forest fragment. The species that contributed the most to the dissimilarity between the covers were Zonotrichia capensis, Turdus fuscater, Mecocerculus leucophrys, Atlapetes latinuchus and Crotophaga ani. We identified nine functional types, where G1 was made up of small species with anissodactyl and pamprodactyl legs that were insectivorous, frugivorous and nectarivorous as the best represented. The FEve and FDiv were 0.51 and 0.74, respectively in the Andean forest fragment plant cover and, for the wooded pasture, the FEve was 0.45 and the FDiv was 0.81. Both cover types contributed to the diversity of the rural landscape and the dynamics that existed between them formed a complementary factor that favoured the taxonomic and functional richness of the characterised rural landscape