Los sistemas registrales en los Estados Unidos de América

Tesis presentada en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Civil, leída el 17 de diciembre de 1982.Depto. de Derecho CivilFac. de DerechoTRUEProQuestpu

Los sistemas registrales en los Estados Unidos de América

Tesis presentada en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Derecho, Departamento de Derecho Civil, leída el 17 de diciembre de 1982.Depto. de Derecho CivilFac. de DerechoTRUEProQuestpu

Laser pointer maculopathy. A new public health problem?

pre-print186 K

Interacción entre cuencas sedimentarias intra-continentales y volcanismo monogenético de pequeño volumen: Cuencas de Argamasilla y Calzada-Moral - Región Volcánica del Campo de Calatrava, España

We study the volcaniclastic lithofacies interbedded between siliciclastic and carbonate sediments of Cenozoic-Quaternary age (8.7 Ma to 7,000 BP) in Argamasilla and Calzada-Moral basins (Central Spain). The siliciclastic and carbonate deposits correspond to fluvio-lacustrine sedimentary environments. The volcanic materials consist of primary and reworked volcaniclastic successions sourced from the Campo de Calatrava Volcanic Field. Pyroclastic deposits are related to monogenetic and small-volume volcanic centres, such as scoria cones, tuff rings and maars, corresponding to Strombolian and phreatomagmatic eruptive styles. Taking into account sedimentological constraints seven volcaniclastic lithofacies were distinguished. Type A corresponds to subaerial pyroclastic fall deposits, as is inferred by the common disorganization of the deposit, their breccia-like aspect with presence of large bombs, poor sorting and lack of tractional sedimentary structures. Types B1, B2, B3 and B4 have different volcanic sources and are interpreted to be the product of low-density (dilute) pyroclastic surges, with textural features indicative of fluctuations in flow regime. This interpretation is based on the fabric and grain size of pyroclasts, together with the size and geometry of the internal sedimentary structures. Type C represents a secondary volcanic deposit related to volcanic sediments reworked by transitional hyperconcentrated flows and dilute fluvial processes, having subsequently accumulated in braided fluvial systems. Finally, the Type D is interpreted as an intra-maar scoria/spatter cones related to the development of maars. The most important factors that determined the sedimentation in these basins were orientation of basement faults, paleogeographic and sedimentological controls, style of eruption and volcaniclastic lithofacies type.Cenozoica y Cuaternaria (8,7 Ma a 7.000 BP) en las cuencas de Argamasilla y de Calzada-Moral (centro de España). Los depósitos carbonatados y siliciclásticos corresponden a ambientes sedimentarios fluvio-lacustres. Los materiales volcánicos se componen de sucesiones primarias y retrabajadas originadas en el Campo Volcánico del Campo de Calatrava. Los depósitos piroclásticos están relacionados con centros volcánicos monogenéticos y de pequeño volumen, como conos de escoria, anillos de tobas y maars, correspondientes a erupciones estrombolianas y freatomagmáticas. Teniendo en cuenta el análisis sedimentológico se han distinguido siete litofacies volcanoclásticas. El Tipo A corresponde a depósitos de caída piroclástica subaérea, como se infiere por la desorganización común del depósito, su aspecto de breccia con presencia de grandes bombas, mala clasificación y la ausencia de estructuras sedimentarias de tracción. Los tipos B1, B2, B3 y B4 tienen diferentes fuentes volcánicas y se interpretan como productos de oleadas piroclásticas de baja densidad (diluidas), con características texturales indicativas de las fluctuaciones del régimen de flujo. Esta interpretación se basa en el tamaño de grano de los piroclastos, y el tamaño y la geometría de las estructuras sedimentarias internas. El Tipo C representa un depósito volcánico secundario relacionado con sedimentos volcánicos retrabajados por flujos hiperconcentrados de transición y procesos fluviales diluidos, habiéndose acumulado posteriormente en sistemas fluviales trenzados. Por último, el Tipo D se interpreta como un cono de escoria/salpicaduras intra-maar relacionado con el desarrollo de un maar. Los principales factores que determinaron la sedimentación en estas cuencas fueron la orientación de las fallas del basamento, los controles sedimentológicos y paleogeográficos, así como el estilo eruptivo y el tipo de litofacies volcanoclástica

Sphincter damage during fistulotomy for perianal fistulae and its relationship with faecal incontinence

Background The length of sphincter which can be divided during fistulotomy for perianal fistula is unclear. The aim was to quantify sphincter damage during fistulotomy and determine the relationship between such damage with symptoms and severity of faecal incontinence and long-term quality of life (QOL). Methods A prospective cohort study was performed over a 2-year period. Patients with intersphincteric and mid to low transsphincteric perianal fistulas without risk factors for faecal incontinence were scheduled for fistulotomy. All patients underwent 3D endoanal ultrasound (3D-EAUS) pre-operatively and 8 weeks postoperatively. Measurements were taken of pre- and postoperative anal sphincter involvement and division. Anal continence was assessed using the Jorge-Wexner scale and QOL scores pre, 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results Forty-nine patients were selected. A strong correlation between pre- and postoperative measurements was found p < 0.001. A median length of 41% of the external anal sphincter and 32% of the internal anal sphincter was divided during fistulotomy. Significant differences in mild symptoms of anal continence were found with increasing length of external anal sphincter division. But there was no significant deterioration in continence, soiling, or quality of life scores at the 1-year follow-up. Division of over two-thirds of the external anal sphincter was associated with the highest incontinence rates. Conclusions 3D-EAUS is a valuable tool for quantifying the extent of sphincter involvement pre- and postoperatively. Post-fistulotomy faecal incontinence is mild and increases with increasing length of sphincter division but does not affect long-term quality of life

Estimation of the Quality of the Diet of Mexican University Students Using DQI-I

The quality of diet can be measured using diet quality indices, based on knowledge of associations between diet and health. The objective of this work was to evaluate whether the International Diet Quality Index is suitable for use as a diet quality index in populations of Mexican university girls. A cross-sectional nutritional survey was conducted at the University of Chihuahua (Mexico), collecting semi-quantitative nutritional information and socio-economic and lifestyle data from a representative sample of 400 women. Mean (Standard Deviation (SD)) age was 21.43 years (SD: 3.72); 59.1% were normal weight, 26.6% overweight, 15.3% obesity. The Diet Quality Index- International (DQI-I) was developed according to the method of Kim et al. (2003) and focused on major aspects of a high-quality diet (variety, adequacy, moderation and overall balance). The total score of Diet Quality Index-International reached 53.86% (SD: 11.43), indicating that the general diet of Mexican women a poor-quality diet. Adequacy scored highest, followed by moderation and variety. Overall balance scored the lowest. Variety: 26.3 % consumed less than 4 food groups daily, only 12.8% take more than 1 serving from each food group, and 50.6% consumed only one source of protein daily. Regarding adequacy, a large proportion of the population reported an intake of proteins, vitamin C, calcium, iron, and fruit greater than 50% of recommendation; the vegetables, fiber and grain groups were less 50%. Poor scores were obtained for total fat and SFA consumption (moderation). No statistically significant differences are observed for any of the variables under study and score of the Diet Quality Index-International: body mass index, weight, physical activity level, education level of father and mother, location of lunch, breakfast considered important, knowledge of nutrition, which allows us to consider a relatively uniform population in its eating habits. These people are close to a Westernized diet, and an intervention in nutritional education would be advisable to improve the intake of unprocessed foods, consume a greater variety of protein sources and significantly reduce consumption of sugary foods and soft drinks. Due to different methodological and cultural factors, the proposed Diet Quality Index-International dietary assessment method does not seem to be useful in the assessment of diet quality in the Mexican university population, so further research is needed to develop a diet quality index adapted to the Mexican population.FEDER-ISCIII by the Counselling of Economic Transformation, Industry, Knowledge and Universities-Junta de AndaluciaHigh Council for Sports (CSD), Spanish Ministry of Culture and Sport (RED GENDASH "Gender and Data Science in Sports and Health" PI14/01040 P18-RT-4247 02/UPR/21 06/UPB/2

Dietary exposure to endocrine disruptors in gut microbiota: A systematic review

The authors thank Layla Davies-Jimenez and Richard Davies for assistance with the English version. This paper is part of Alejandro Lopez-Moro's doctoral thesis developed under the “Nutrition and Food Sciences Program” of the University of Granada. Spain.Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) can interfere with hormonal actions and have been associated with a higher incidence of metabolic disorders. They affect numerous physiological, biochemical, and endocrinal activities, including reproduction, metabolism, immunity, and behavior. The purpose of this review was to elucidate the association of EDCs in food with the gut microbiota and with metabolic disorders. EDC exposure induces changes that can lead to microbial dysbiosis. Products and by-products released by the microbial metabolism of EDCs can be taken up by the host. Changes in the composition of the microbiota and production of microbial metabolites may have a major impact on the host metabolism.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA

Diet quality variety in Spanish and Mexican adults

Este estudio fue financiado por la Junta de Andalucía, España (Nutrición, Dieta y Evaluación de Riesgos AGR255), por el Grupo de Investigación E098-01 (Alimentación, Nutrición y Salud), por fondos FEDER-ISCIII PI14/01040 y por la Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades-Junta de Andalucía (P18-RT-4247).Introducción: La pérdida de patrones de alimentación tradicionales a favor de otros más occidentales redunda en un descenso de calidad de la dieta alrededor del mundo. Muchos aspectos determinan la calidad dietética, aunque en general pueden resumirse en una dieta moderada, variada, equilibrada y adecuada para cada individuo. Estos aspectos son evaluados por el Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Objetivo: Comparar la calidad de la dieta de población mexicana y española mediante un índice de calidad internacional de la dieta, determinando que factores son en mayor medida responsables de la pérdida de calidad. Material y métodos: Estudio observacional transversal sobre una muestra representativa de sujetos adultos residentes en Querétaro (México) y de sujetos de la misma franja de edad procedentes de la Región de Murcia, en la cuenca mediterránea española. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos, de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y de ingesta con 3 recuerdos de 24 horas y se valoró el DQI-I en la población. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias para el gasto energético y el DQI-I en todos sus aspectos con valores de calidad superiores para la población mexicana. La variedad fue la dimensión más castigada para todos los sujetos, presentando los mexicanos mejores cifras de consumo de vegetales pero peores para las fuentes proteicas. Conclusiones: La muestra mexicana mejoró las cifras de calidad de la española, tal vez por una mayor influencia de conocimientos en nutrición. El 86% de la población podría mejorar sus puntajes de calidad en el DQI-I ajustando sus frecuencias de consumo de alimentos.Introduction: The loss of traditional eating patterns in favour of more Western ones results in a decline in dietary quality around the world. Many aspects determine dietary quality, but in general they can be summarised as a moderate, varied, balanced diet suitable for each individual. These aspects are assessed by the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Objective: To compare the quality of the diet of the Mexican and Spanish populations using an international diet quality index, determining which factors are most responsible for the loss of quality. Material and methods: Cross-sectional observational study on a representative sample of adult subjects living in Querétaro (Mexico) and subjects of the same age group from the Region of Murcia, in the Spanish Mediterranean basin. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, food frequency consumption and intake data were collected with 3 24-hour recall and the DQI-I was assessed in the population. Results: Differences were found for energy expenditure and DQI-I in all aspects with higher quality values for the Mexican population. Variety was the most punished dimension for all subjects, with Mexicans presenting better figures for vegetable intake but worse for protein sources. Conclusions: The Mexican sample improved the quality figures of the Spanish sample, perhaps due to a greater influence of nutritional knowledge. Eighty-six percent of the population could improve their DQI-I quality scores by adjusting their food consumption frequencies.Junta de Andalucía, España (Nutrición, Dieta y Evaluación de Riesgos AGR255)E098-01 FEDER-ISCIII PI14/01040Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades-Junta de Andalucía (P18-RT-4247

Indicaciones Límite de las Fracturas de Húmero con Clavo Endomedular Cerrojado

El tratamiento de las fracturas diafisarias del húmero ha entrado en controversia en los últimos años, como lo refleja la literatura internacional. La problemática aumenta cuando se trata de fracturas diafisarias límites que alcanzan la zona metafisaria superior e inferior. En un intento de mejora terapéutica este grupo de autores ha testado un clavo cerrojado para el húmero diseñado por Seidel. El promedio de seguimiento ha sido de 12 meses con un mínimo de 6 meses. El número de casos evaluados ha sido 6. Siguiendo la cotación de Stewart, 4 de los seis pacientes obtuvieron resultados buenos o excelentes. Todos los pacientes consolidaron sus fracturas en un período de tiempo normal, entre 3 y 5 meses, con una media de 4 meses, 4 de los seis pacientes no se inmovilizaron con yeso en ningún momento. La bondad y sencillez del método hace augurar buenos resultados en otros grupos ampliando sus indicaciones.Treatment of dyaphyseal fractures of the humerus has been the source of considerable controversy in recent years. The problem increases in dimension when one is dealing with limiting diaphyseal fractures that invole the upper and lower metaphyseal zone. In an attempt to improve the therapy of this circunstance, the members of this research team have tested a locking nail for the humerus designed by Seidel. The mean follow-up time has been 12 months, with a minimum of six months. The number of cases evaluated was 6. According to the scale of Stewart, four of the cases obtained good or excellent results. All the patients consolidated their fractures within a normal period of time -between 3 and 5 months-, with a mean of 4 months. Four of the 6 patients wer e not immobilized with paster at any time. The goodness and simplicity of the method are suggestive of promising results in other groups by broadening its indications