Gender Differences in Sitting Positions of College Students and an Explanation of These Differences

This article explores the differences in the sitting positions of college men and women. After conducting unobtrusive observations of 83 students at the University of New Hampshire, we analyzed our data and found that there are differences in the way men and women sit. Men tend to sit in open positions while women tend to sit in closed positions. Differences in leg positions were more notable than differences in arm positions. In regard to arm and leg combinations, the most common combination for men was open arm/open leg. There were no significant differences between arm and leg combinations of women. We explain these differences using the theory of social construction and by pulling from various articles ideas of gender socialization. It is important to understand that gender differences in body movement and behavior are not natural. If we can recognize that these differences are learned, we can begin to eliminate gender inequality and stereotypes

Dorothy Allison\u27s Gothic Poverty

This paper explores how the gothic spaces in Dorothy Allison’s novels are connected to her characters class. I analyze specific places in Bastard out of Carolina and Cavedweller and how these spaces are either redeemed or remain gothic throughout the novels, and how this connects to the characters economic status. In Bastard out of Carolina, where the characters begin and remain poor, places are either gothic from the beginning or are safe spaces that transform into gothic places over the course of the novel. Conversely, in Cavedweller, where the characters begin poor but become financially stable by the end of the novel, most buildings and spaces are initially gothic but redeem themselves over time so that they become safe for the characters. In both of her novels, Dorothy Allison underscores and complicates her main characters’ lower-class status and the isolation that comes with poverty by transforming areas often associated with relative safety, such as suburban neighborhoods, storefronts, and churches into gothic spaces of fear and anger

DNA methylation-based age prediction and telomere length in white blood cells and cumulus cells of infertile women with normal or poor response to ovarian stimulation.

An algorithm assessing the methylation levels of 353 informative CpG sites in the human genome permits accurate prediction of the chronologic age of a subject. Interestingly, when there is discrepancy between the predicted age and chronologic age (age acceleration or AgeAccel ), patients are at risk for morbidity and mortality. Identification of infertile patients at risk for accelerated reproductive senescence may permit preventative action. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the epigenetic clock concept in reproductive age women undergoing fertility treatment by applying the age prediction algorithm in peripheral (white blood cells [WBCs]) and follicular somatic cells (cumulus cells [CCs]), and to identify whether women with premature reproductive aging (diminished ovarian reserve) were at risk of AgeAccel in their age prediction. Results indicated that the epigenetic algorithm accurately predicts age when applied to WBCs but not to CCs. The age prediction of CCs was substantially younger than chronologic age regardless of the patient\u27s age or response to stimulation. In addition, telomeres of CCs were significantly longer than that of WBCs. Our findings suggest that CCs do not demonstrate changes in methylome-predicted age or telomere-length in association with increasing female age or ovarian response to stimulation

Étude de l'association entre les récepteurs des cannabinoïdes et la survie des patientes atteintes d'un cancer du sein

Les récepteurs cannabinoïdes (RCB) sont des récepteurs membranaires qui font partie de la famille des récepteurs couplés aux protéines G. Plusieurs preuves expérimentales appuient l'idée que les cannabinoïdes seraient impliqués dans les voies de signalisation régulant la prolifération, la survie des cellules cancéreuses, l'angiogenèse ainsi que l'invasion tumorale. L'objectif de l'étude était de mesurer l'expression des RCB1 et RCB2 dans les tumeurs mammaires; et leur association avec les facteurs pronostiques connus du cancer du sein; et d'évaluer la survie globale, la survie sans récidive et la survie sans événement. Cette étude a été réalisée dans une cohorte de 522 femmes provenant de la banque de tissu du Centre des maladies du sein (CMS) diagnostiquées d'un cancer du sein invasif non métastatique et ayant eu une mastectomie entre le 1er décembre 2010 et le 30 avril 2012 au CMS à l'hôpital Saint-Sacrement à Québec, au Canada. L'expression des RCB a été mesurée par immunohistochimie. Des corrélations de Spearman ajustées ont été estimées et des modèles de risques proportionnels de Cox multivariés ont été utilisés pour estimer la survie. Cette étude a permis d'évaluer l'expression des RCB dans le tissu cancéreux mammaire. Plus l'expression du RCB1 était élevée, plus l'atteinte ganglionnaire était sévère (r[indice s]=0,11; p=0,0155) et plus le statut du récepteur 2 du facteur de croissance épidermique humain (HER2) avait tendance à être positif (r[indice s]=0,17; p=0,0002). Plus l'expression nucléaire du RCB2 était élevée, plus le statut des récepteurs de l'œstrogène (r[indice s]=0,17; p=0,0002) et à la progestérone (r[indice s]=0,12; p=0,0084) avait tendance à être positif, mais le grade tumoral était moins élevé (r[indice s]=-0,17; p=0,0002). Une expression cytoplasmique élevée du RCB2 était associée à 13% des récidives locorégionales et distance (HR=1,13 [0,97-1,33]), mais cette association n'était pas statistiquement significative. Ces analyses ont probablement manqué de puissance statistique. Les résultats suggèrent que l'expression des RCB pourrait être un marqueur pronostique pour le cancer du sein.Cannabinoids receptors (CBR) are part of the membrane receptor G protein-coupled receptor family. Experimental evidence supports the idea that cannabinoids, the active components of cannabis and their derivatives are involved in signalling pathways regulating proliferation, cancer cell survival, angiogenesis as well as tumour invasion. In the present project, the objective was to measure the expression of CB1R and CB2R in breast cancer tissue. We then assessed the association between breast cancer prognostic factors and the expression of CBR. In addition, we evaluated the expression of CBR and overall survival, recurrence-free survival and event-free survival. This study was carried out in a cohort of 522 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and who had a mastectomy between December 1, 2010, and April 30, 2012, at the Centre des maladies du sein (CMS) at Saint-Sacrement Hospital in the City of Québec, in Canada. Clinical and pathological characteristics were retrieved from the CMS database for all women and CBR expression was measured by immunohistochemistry. Adjusted partial Spearman correlations with prognostic factors were estimated and multivariate proportional hazard Cox models were used. This study allowed to evaluate the expression of CBR in breast cancer tissue. High CB1R expression revealed more severe lymph node involvement (r[subscript s]=0.11; p=0.0155) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) tended to be positive (r[subscript s]=0.17; p=0.0002). High nuclear CB2R expression showed that estrogen (r[subscript s]=0.17; p=0.0002) and progesterone receptors (r[subscript s]=0.12; p=0.0084) tended to be positive but showed a lower tumour grade (r[subscript s]=-0.17; p=0.0002). High cytoplasmic expression of CBR2 was associated, with 13% higher locoregional and distant recurrences (HR=1.13 [0.97-1.33]), but this association did not reach statistical significance. These analyses might have been underpowered to detect associations. These results indicate that CBR expression might be a prognostic marker for breast cancer

Expression signature of the Leigh syndrome French-Canadian type

As a result of a founder effect, a Leigh syndrome variant called Leigh syndrome, French-Canadian type (LSFC, MIM / 220,111) is more frequent in Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (SLSJ), a geographically isolated region on northeastern Quebec, Canada. LSFC is a rare autosomal recessive mitochondrial neurodegenerative disorder due to damage in mitochondrial energy production. LSFC is caused by pathogenic variants in the nuclear gene leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing (LRPPRC). Despite progress understanding the molecular mode of action of LRPPRC gene, there is no treatment for this disease. The present study aims to identify the biological pathways altered in the LSFC disorder through microarray-based transcriptomic profile analysis of twelve LSFC cell lines compared to twelve healthy ones, followed by gene ontology (GO) and pathway analyses. A set of 84 significantly differentially expressed genes were obtained (p ≥ 0.05; Fold change (Flc) ≥ 1.5). 45 genes were more expressed (53.57%) in LSFC cell lines compared to controls and 39 (46.43%) had lower expression levels. Gene ontology analysis highlighted altered expression of genes involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and energy production, glucose and lipids metabolism, oncogenesis, inflammation and immune response, cell growth and apoptosis, transcription, and signal transduction. Considering the metabolic nature of LSFC disease, genes included in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and energy production cluster stood out as the most important ones to be involved in LSFC mitochondrial disorder. In addition, the protein-protein interaction network indicated a strong interaction between the genes included in this cluster. The mitochondrial gene NDUFA4L2 (NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex, 4-like 2), with higher expression in LSFC cells, represents a target for functional studies to explain the role of this gene in LSFC disease. This work provides, for the first time, the LSFC gene expression profile in fibroblasts isolated from affected individuals. This represents a valuable resource to understand the pathogenic basis and consequences of LRPPRC dysfunction

Life in mine tailings: microbial population structure across the bulk soil, rhizosphere, and roots of boreal species colonizing mine tailings in northwestern Québec

Abstract Purpose Mining activities have negative effects on soil characteristics and can result in low pH, high heavy metal content, and limited levels of essential nutrients. A tailings storage area located in northwestern Québec showed natural colonization by plants from the adjacent natural environment. The objective of the study was to determine the main edaphic parameters that structured microbial populations associated with the indigenous woody plants that had naturally colonized the site. Methods Microbial populations were studied in the bulk soil, the rhizosphere, and inside plant roots using Illumina sequencing, ordination analysis (i.e., redundancy analysis (RDA) and principal coordinates analysis (PCoA)), ternary plotting, and statistical analysis (MANOVA). Results The main variables that drove the microbial community patterns were plant species and the tailings pH. Indeed, the main bacterial classes were Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria in both the rhizosphere and root endosphere. Analysis revealed that some dominant operational taxonomic units (e.g., Pseudomonas sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Delftia sp.) were present in increased proportions in roots for each plant species under study. This study also revealed that many of the most abundant fungal genera (e.g., Claussenomyces, Eupenicillium, and Trichoderma) were more abundant in the rhizosphere than in the root endosphere. Conclusions This comprehensive study of the microbial community dynamics in the bulk soil, rhizosphere, and root endosphere of boreal trees and shrubs could be beneficial in facilitating the rehabilitation of disturbed ecosystems

Polycystic ovary syndrome and leukocyte telomere length: cross-sectional and longitudinal changes

Peer reviewe

Analysis of Human TAAR8 and Murine Taar8b Mediated Signaling Pathways and Expression Profile

The thyroid hormone derivative 3-iodothyronamine (3-T1AM) exerts metabolic effects in vivo that contradict known effects of thyroid hormones. 3-T1AM acts as a trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) agonist and activates Gs signaling in vitro. Interestingly, 3-T1AM-meditated in vivo effects persist in Taar1 knockout-mice indicating that further targets of 3-T1AM might exist. Here, we investigated another member of the TAAR family, the only scarcely studied mouse and human trace-amine-associated receptor 8 (Taar8b, TAAR8). By RT-qPCR and locked-nucleic-acid (LNA) in situ hybridization, Taar8b expression in different mouse tissues was analyzed. Functionally, we characterized TAAR8 and Taar8b with regard to cell surface expression and signaling via different G-protein-mediated pathways. Cell surface expression was verified by ELISA, and cAMP accumulation was quantified by AlphaScreen for detection of Gs and/or Gi/o signaling. Activation of G-proteins Gq/11 and G12/13 was analyzed by reporter gene assays. Expression analyses revealed at most marginal Taar8b expression and no gender differences for almost all analyzed tissues. In heart, LNA-in situ hybridization demonstrated the absence of Taar8b expression. We could not identify 3-T1AM as a ligand for TAAR8 and Taar8b, but both receptors were characterized by a basal Gi/o signaling activity, a so far unknown signaling pathway for TAARs

The Lantern Vol. 63, No. 2, Spring 1996

• Poet, Lead Me On • St. Patrick\u27s Day • The Last Three Days • The Impressionable • Roundabout • The Bench • Carnivorous • Kyrie • Second Glance • Porch • Cruel Design • A Mime • Flaxen Crown • My Embryonic Ocean of Love • Stone Matrix • Voices from the Past • Skipping the Bullfight: Toreadors and Gaudi • Another Part of My Lacolonialism • Translucent Pane • Linguistics • Treehouse • A Disagreeable Music Piece • Vigil • A Brief History of American Poetry in Englishhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/lantern/1148/thumbnail.jp