St. Isidore of Seville A Paradigm for the Christian Teaching

Este ensayo presenta el papel que desempeñó San Isidoro en su contexto histórico y de qué manera su pensamiento se constituye un aporte imprescindible para la actualidad, rescatándose así su aporte a la civilización occidental. Se puede decir que por su gran erudición Isidoro es un paradigma para todos los docentes cristianos debido a su incansable búsqueda de la verdad, como recopilador, filósofo y orador unidos a su gran labor pastoral, todo fundamentado en la contemplación

New Trends in Chemical Analysis of Disinfection By-Products

The disinfection by-products are special category of emergent pollutants, and their formation is widely known when the organic matter present in the catchment water reaches the disinfection agent in the water treatment plants. These kinds of compounds are close to more than 500 molecules classified in the following main families: halomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles and haloketones. Their adverse effects in the health are widely recognized for international health organisms and normally are in trace levels that promote the development of smart strategies for their analysis in aquatic environments where these compounds are generally not alone. In this way, the microextraction techniques for analysis of emergent contaminants in the environment which are in trace amounts have gained a lot of space because they comply fully with the objectives established in the sample preparation field: reduction in the number of steps, adaptability to field sampling, automation and reduction or total elimination of solvents required for extraction by meeting in one step the main tasks of any sample preparation technique: extraction, clean up and enrichment. There are a lot of possibilities in this field: solid phase microextraction (SPME), liquid phase microextraction (LPME), stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and rotating disk sorptive extraction (RDSE)

Diseño para la implementación de la metodología seis sigma en una línea de producción de queso fresco

This thesis project is a guide for the implementation of the Six Sigma Methodology within a manufacturing process. This case was focused on a fresh cheese processing plant. Cheese quality improvement, reduction on unnecessary costs attributable to failure in the process, company profits increase, and teamwork reinforcement among the employees were the different aspects to be enhanced. The methodology, origins, stages, tools, information about the product as well as its manufacturing process are shown along this project. It is complemented with a project development based on gathered data from the cheese manufacturing plant. In order to collect the necessary information different quality and descriptive statistics tools were used; the first ones helped to generate and organize ideas, while the others served to measure variable within the industrial process. During the work progress the variability of the process was determined, and its causes were researched. In addition, diverse solutions were proposed. Six Sigma is a disciplined, data-driven approach and methodology for eliminating defects in any process – from manufacturing to transactional and from product to service. The fundamental objective of the Six Sigma methodology is the implementation of a measurement-based strategy that focuses on process improvement so that companies have a higher quality and, therefore, they can increase their sales, profits and target market

Identificación y control CPG de un motor de CA con DSPACE.

In the paper presented below, the focus is directed to the automation and control of an AC motor, as well as obtaining its mathematical model (in the form of transfer function) using dSPACE platform, which facilitates the realization of real time testing that is necessary to identify the process here presented. Once the model is obtained, we proceed to develop the design of a controller based on the Generalized Predictive Control (GPC) methodology. Finally, the controller designed was applied to the system coupled to a simulated load by an electromagnetic break. As it is known, the usage of these motors is widespread in the industry, this work is aimed to controlling the speed, its response to changes in set point and its response to the presence of disturbances.En el artículo que se presenta a continuación, el enfoque va dirigido a la automatización y control de un motor AC, así como a la obtención de su modelo matemático (en la forma de función de transferencia) utilizando la plataforma DSPACE, que facilita el desarrollo de pruebas en tiempo real que son necesarias para hacer la identificación del proceso aquí presentado. Una vez que el modelo es obtenido, se procede a desarrollar en diseño de un controlador basado en la metodología del Control Predictivo Generalizado (CPG). Finalmente, el controlador diseñado es aplicado al sistema acoplado a una carga simulada por un freno electromagnético. Como se sabe, el uso de estos motores está muy extendido en la industria, este trabajo está dirigido al control de su velocidad, su respuesta ante cambios en el valor de referencia y su respuesta ante la presencia de disturbios

EDUCATORS’ PERCEPTIONS OF BENEFITS AND BARRIERS OF THE INCLUSION OF CODING IN K-8 CURRICULUM: A QUALITATIVE STUDY

The 21st century has seen a rapid growth in technological use in schools. Many schools now use computers and other digital devices in order to meet the academic needs of their students. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the benefits and barriers that K-8 educators experienced when integrating or teaching coding curriculum in their classrooms. This qualitative phenomenological study, informed by the Zais model of curriculum design (1976), Johnson (1977), and Beauchamp’s curriculum theory (1968), involved data collection through semi-structured interviews with six K-8 teachers, one instructional leader, one middle school principal, one assistant superintendent, and one superintendent, as well as completing a focus group with five participants. A document analysis that examined the coding curriculum and processes of the school was also completed. The results of the study found five themes that emerged from the data set that highlighted instances of how coding is integrated and taught in the classroom, the benefits associated with coding, the barriers associated with coding, and how K-8 educators overcame barriers that were experienced during the process

Design and Implementation of an Artificial Vision System for Quality Control in the Labeling of Commercial Products

Large industries are continually looking for strategies and tools that help them increase their productivity, to cover larger markets in shorter times. However, on certain occasions, these types of strategies with the increase in production speed can affect the product quality, sometimes triggering the discomfort of the clients or final recipients. This is why companies with continuous production lines, in addition to seeking productive optimization strategies, nowadays seek strategies that help them maintain the quality of their products. This work presents the development of a classifier algorithm through road inspection that verifies the correct labeling of different commercial products, thus helping to maintain the final quality of the products in a production line. The algorithm has been developed in an open-source programming language with a camera of medium characteristics, to reduce commercial costs and make it a strategy for easy massification. In addition, the algorithm can be easily adapted for different types of products, that is, it is an open and undeveloped strategy for a single type of label. The algorithm has an interface that will help users and interested parties in its use. At the end of the work, an artificial vision labeling identification system is available that is capable of detecting flaws in any type of label at an estimated speed of 2 sec per product. Keywords: artificial vision, Python, OpenCV, labeling, automatic classification. Resumen Las grandes industrias continuamente andan buscando estrategias y herramientas que las ayuden a incrementar su productividad, para cubrir mercados más amplios en tiempos más cortos. En ciertas ocasiones este tipo de estrategias sacrifican la calidad de los productos por el incremento de velocidad de producción, desencadenando en algunas ocasiones el malestar de los clientes o destinatarios finales. Es así como las empresas con líneas de producción continua, a más de buscar estrategias de optimización productiva, hoy en día buscan estrategias que les ayuden a mantener la calidad de sus productos. En este trabajo se presenta el desarrollo de un algoritmo clasificador mediante inspección visual que verifica el correcto etiquetado de distintos productos comerciales, aportando así a mantener la calidad final de los productos en una línea productiva; el algoritmo se ha desarrollado en un lenguaje de programación de código abierto y con una cámara de características medias, con el fin de reducir los costos comerciales, y de que sea una estrategia de fácil masificación. Además, el algoritmo se puede adaptar de forma sencilla para distintos tipos de productos, es decir, es una estrategia abierta y no desarrollada para un único tipo de etiquetas. El algoritmo cuenta con una interfaz propia que ayudará a los usuarios y partes interesadas en su utilización. Al final del trabajo se dispone de un sistema de identificación de etiquetado por visión artificial que es capaz de detectar fallas en cualquier tipo de etiqueta a una velocidad estimada de dos segundos por producto. Palabras Clave: visión artificial, Python, OpenCV, etiquetado, clasificación automática

THE 2010 CHILEAN TSUNAMI: BEHAVIOR ON THE ECUADORIAN COAST AND THE GALAPAGOS ISLANDS

Available mareograms from ports of Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands made possible analysis and understanding of the tsunami generated by the great Chile earthquake of 27 February 2010. In general, all tidal gauges along the coastal zones at these localities begun to record sea level changes minutes after the predicted low water tide near 08:30 in the morning of February 27. The mareographic records showed waves with amplitudes ranging from 20 to 70 cm and periods of up to 2 hours. From then on the records indicated lower amplitude waves and rather short periods perhaps due to local conditions at each port. At Caleta, Aeolian and Baltra Island in the Galapagos, sea level changes begun just before low tide. Recorded waves in Academy Bay of Puerto Ayora (Santa Cruz Island) ranged at about 35 cm in amplitude and boats sat on the rocky bottom at around 07:30 (local time). Initial periods were less than 60 minutes but later were shorter - possibly because of the port’s configuration. The water level fluctuations lasted for about 48 hours. Along the coast of Ecuador the tsunami wave amplitudes ranged between 20 and 70 cm the periods were longer but shorter in the Galapagos Islands. Based on initial sea level changes and the issuance of a tsunami warning at Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz Island, there was evacuation of coastal inhabitants to safer, higher grounds

Three phases microextraction procedure for determination of isothiazolin biocides in adhesives for food packaging materials

The use of biocides in adhesives is widely extended. However, when adhesives are used in food packaging materials, it is important to determine their concentration not only in the packaging materials but also in migration tests, in order to ensure the food safety. Isothiazolin derivatives are low volatile compounds and often used for this purpose. However, the analytical sensitivity is very poor either in GC-MS or in HPLC-UV and an enrichment step is required. The present study deals with the development of a liquid microextraction procedure for enhancing the sensitivity of the determination of 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (MIT) and 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (CMIT) in adhesives and food simulants. The procedure involves three phases and a semipermeable polypropylene (PP) membrane which contains 1-octanol as organic phase. The donor and acceptor phases are aqueous acidic and alkaline media respectively and the final liquid phase is analyzed by RP-HPLC-UV. The detection limits of these biocides are 0.037 and 0.147 μg g-1 for MIT and CMIT respectively. Three different adhesive samples were successfully analyzed. The procedure was compared with the direct analysis using UPLC-Q-TOF, where the identification of the compounds and the quantification values were confirmed. The results obtained are shown and discussed

Erotismo tecnocumbiero a través de la hipermedia. La gestión del diseño en la construcción simbólica de la mujer en los sectores populares del Ecuador

Esta investigación parte del supuesto de que la imagen erótica de la mujer en la tecnocumbia andina, es producto de una gestión de diseño combinada y contradictoria entre el rescate cultural y la producción musical industrial globalizada. A través de la hipermedia han sido modificados los elementos simbólicos de lo que se ha considerado erótico en las distintas sociedades locales

Comparison of dynamic response and stability of PID, PI-D, PD2DOF and PD fuzzy controllers on a mechanical system

Automation gains ground in the industrial sector day by day as a result of the new and more efficient control algorithms, in this context, the classical theory of control is a branch of knowledge established in the scientific community, but the most widely used in the industrial field, especially due to the ease of implementing a classic controller in industrial processes, even in those where the mathematical models of the systems are unknown, for example several heuristic methods for tuning PID controllers working as regulators is a widely known activity; the next step is the modern control, which is also quite developed but still has certain areas to study such as the development of optimal predictors or dealing with systems with communication delay. Finally, intelligent control is the branch of study that generates the most interest nowadays. It tries to combine artificial intelligence techniques with automatic control. One of the most popular intelligent control methods is fuzzy control or fuzzy logic control, in this work, different classical, modern and intelligent control techniques will be implemented to a line follower robot to evaluate the performance, stability and response of each one, as well as its implementation costs