Measurement-Torso

[ES] El presente proyecto pretende exponer el trabajo realizado para la creación de un equipo de medida innovador capaz de medir el confort térmico en el ámbito de la climatización de cabinas de maquinaria para movimiento de tierras. El equipo de medida creado, llamado también Dummy, presenta la particularidad de que imita a un operario sentado en una de estas cabinas, además de ser portátil y capaz de captar todos los parámetros que intervienen en la ergonomía térmica como, por ejemplo, la temperatura y la velocidad del aire. Por otra parte, otro objetivo de este proyecto es la realización de un ensayo utilizando el propio Dummy para poder estudiar la viabilidad de una propuesta de mejora constructiva en los difusores de aire de las cabinas, concretamente en cabinas de los vehículos fabricados por la empresa Liebherr modelos L550, L542 y L524. La construcción de este equipo de medida se realizó en la empresa Konvekta, quien decidió poner en marcha este proyecto. Las condiciones de diseño y las características de esta estructura, por tanto, vienen impuestas por ciertos criterios que quería la empresa, aparte de las que dictamina la norma UNE ISO 10263 referente a este tipo de ensayos de confort térmico. Cabe destacar que la fase de investigación, diseño y desarrollo del Dummy en sí, no vienen representados en esta obra ya que se trata de un proceso largo y complejo que escapa al marco de los fines académicos de un TFG. Pero, sintetizando esta parte, se podría remarcar que durante esta fase se propusieron varios diseños y prototipos, y se probaron diferentes instrumentos de medida antes de llegar a los resultados expuestos en este trabajo. Con todo esto dicho, este proyecto se ciñe a mostrar las características técnicas del Dummy, los resultados finales obtenidos en el ensayo realizado y a dar al lector toda la información necesaria para comprender los parámetros de confort y la importancia de estos en la práctica.Morales Casas, A. (2016). Measurement-Torso. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/76522TFG

Additive Manufacturing as a Technique for In Situ Repair and Renovation of Marine Crankshaft Journals

[EN] This article presents the analysis and redesign of an equipment aimed at repairing in-situ the journal surface of a marine diesel engine crankshaft, based on laser cladding technology. The paper outlines the comprehensive research conducted to study the device, identify its weaknesses and establish a strategy to improve it. To address this task, we shall describe (i) a study of the working environment, (ii) performance of functional analysis using computer-aided engineering tools and finite element analysis of the current prototype, (iii) a study of the results and identification of problematic areas, (iv) proposed improvements based on the results, (v) the presentation of a 3D model with the proposed improvements.Morales-Casas, A.; Torims, T.; Gutiérrez, SC. (2019). Additive Manufacturing as a Technique for In Situ Repair and Renovation of Marine Crankshaft Journals. Key Engineering Materials (Online). 799:263-269. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.799.263S263269799T. Debroy et al., Additive manufacturing of metallic components – Process, structure and properties,, in Prog. Mater. Sci., vol. 92, pp.112-224, (2018).S. Nowotny, S. Scharek, E. Beyer and K. H. Richter, Laser beam build-up welding: Precision in repair, surface cladding, and direct 3D metal deposition,, in J. Therm. Spray Technol., vol .16, no 3, p.344–348, (2007).S. Nowotny, Beschichten, Reparieren und Generieren durch Präzisions-Auftragschweißen mit Laserstrahlen,, Vak. Forsch. und Prax., vol. 14, no 1, pp.33-37, (2002).T. Torims, A. Ratkus and A. Logins, The Application of Laser Cladding to Marine Crankshaft Journal Repair and Renovation,, ASME conference proceedings, pp.1-10, (2014).H. Koehler, K. Partes, T. Seefeld and F. Vollertsen, Influence of laser reconditioning on fatigue properties of crankshafts,, Phys. Procedia, vol 12, no PART 1, pp.512-518, (2011).H. Koehler, K. Partes, T. Seefeld and F. Vollertsen, Laser reconditioning of crankshafts: From lab to application,, Phys. Procedia, vol 5, no PART 1, pp.387-397, (2010).T. Torims, G. Pikurs, A. Ratkus, A. Logins, J. Vilcans and S. Sklariks, Development of technological equipment to laboratory test in-situ laser cladding for marine engine crankshaft renovation,, Procedia Eng., vol 100, pp.559-568, (2015).T. Torims, A. Ratkus, M. Zarins, V. Brutans and J. Vilcans, In-Situ Laser Build-Up Welding of Shipboard Crankshafts,, Appl. Mech. Mater., vol 234, pp.39-46, (2012).Golten S., 1960, US Patent No 2,937,479 Crankshaft Journal Grinder

3 sprints from zero to innovative medical device in 16 months: Benefits of combining Human Factors and Agile

[EN] This study aims to lay out an Agile product development case study-oriented research with core tenets on the process mapping and the methodologies involved in the solution implementation. The developed prototype is used for measuring the principal vital signs, without contact, only through video images. The measured vital signs are heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, temperature, and blood pressure contactless at 2 meters (6.5 ft). The developed solution was presented in the framework of public bidding for the emergency service of the autonomous community of Andalucía (in Spain). The Agile project management approach has been integrated to overcome the limitations of medical devices' commonly accepted Stage-Gate project management approach. During the prototype's concept and detailed design phases, eight designs for Usability (DfU) tools were implemented to generate value. These tools were implemented in the concept phase in parallel with developing the IP strategy, contextual research, risk management strategy, and regulatory strategy development to identify the user's needs in an iterative process. The users in this case study were paramedics, EMT¿s and EMC¿s. Further, during the detailed design phase, the DfU helped detect design flaws and usability issues before the validation phase. A multifunctional team of eight specialists was consolidated to develop the solution, with role distribution according to the scrum team model. This team has been working together for 16 months. In the last sprint, first responders tested the prototype with a TRL 7 in laboratory and field trials simulating real conditions. The results were collected through several requirement acquisition techniques. The prototype was continuously improved by collecting value-generating data along the project and establishing strategic checkpoints. Thus, many design flaws and usability issues were prevented throughout the concept and development phase. Besides, reducing the development time without compromising all the necessary design traceability and quality requirements according to ISO 13485 standards.The authors would like to acknowledge the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Pluri-regional Operational Program of Spain (POPE) 2014-2020, aid granted by the Ministry of Science and Innovation through the FID program Promotion of Innovation from Demand .Morales-Casas, A.; López Vicente, MA.; Solano García, L.; Laparra Hernandez, J. (2023). 3 sprints from zero to innovative medical device in 16 months: Benefits of combining Human Factors and Agile. AHFE International. 104:8-18. https://doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100304781810

The pH effect on the kinetics of 4-nitrophenol removal by CWPO with doped carbon black catalysts

P, B and N-doped carbon blacks prepared with H3PO4, urea and H3BO3 were tested as catalysts in the wet peroxide oxidation of a concentrated 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) model solution (C4-NP=5 g·L−1). The highest catalytic activity was found for P-doped carbon black (complete removal of 4-NP after 4 h at 80 °C, Ccat=2.5 g·L−1, CH2O2 17.8 g·L = 1 and initial pH 3, whereas 44-19% removals were reached with the other catalysts). That was ascribed to the strongest acidity (pHPZC=3.5) and hydrophilic character of the catalyst. Initial pH affected the oxidation, allowing to increase strongly the conversion of 4-NP with the P-doped catalyst decreasing the initial pH from 4 to 2 (4-NP removal from 20% to 99% after 8 h of reaction time at 50 °C, Ccat=2.5 g·L−1 andCH2O2 17.8 g·L = 1). An autocatalytic-power-law kinetic model was developed to predict the observed induction period and the dependence on the pH of the 4-NP oxidation, H2O2 consumption and pH evolution (k4- NP=2.2·10−5M−2min−1, kH2O2 4.0·10 M ·min = 6 3 1 and k 5.1·10 M min H + = 3 0.23 1 at 80 °C).This work is a result of: Project “AIProcMat@N2020 - Advanced Industrial Processes and Materials for a Sustainable Northern Region of Portugal 2020”, with the reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000006, supported by North Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); Associate Laboratory LSRE-LCM - UID/EQU/50020/2019 - funded by national funds throughmFCT/MCTES (PIDDAC); and CIMO - UID/AGR/00690/2019 through FEDER under Program PT2020. S. Morales Torres acknowledges the financial support from University of Granada (Reincorporación Plan Propio).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Predictive Factors and Management of Macular Edema after Retropupillary Iris-Claw Intraocular Lens Implantation in Aphakia: National Multicenter Audit—Report 2

The aim of this multicenter, national clinical audit is to evaluate the predictive factors and management of postoperative macular edema (ME) after retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens (RICI) implantation and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Preoperative, surgical and postoperative data were collected. Number and type of intravitreal injections (IT) administered (anti-VEGF or dexamethasone implant), visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP) and central retinal thickness (CRT) assessed by OCT were collected at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. From 325 eyes (325 patients), 11.7% (38/325) developed postoperative ME. Previous complicated cataract surgery with no capsular support was the only significant predictive factor for developing postoperative ME (OR 2.27, 95% CI 1.38–4.52, p = 0.02) after RICI implant. Mean time to ME development was 11.4 ± 10.7 weeks, and mean CRT peaked at 3 months follow-up. Different treatment options were non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs) drops (31.6%, 12/38), dexamethasone (DEX) implant (50%, 19/38), anti-VEGF (7.9%, 3/38) or combined IT (10.5%, 4/38). Cumulative probability of ME resolution was higher in the group treated with IT than in the group treated with topical NSAIDs (85.2% vs. 58.3%, p = 0.9). Performing RICI implantation after complicated cataract surgery is a risk factor for the development of postoperative ME. DEX implants may be an effective treatment for postoperative ME in these cases

A systematic review and meta-analysis of bovine brucellosis seroprevalence in Latin America and the Caribbean

Introduction: Bovine brucellosis is a significant public health problem in countries with economic and zoonotic implications. Although relevant, there are no previous systematic reviews about bovine brucellosis in Latin America. Methods: We performed a systematic literature review in five data-bases to assess the seroprevalence of Brucella in cattle. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was performed to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). In addition, measures of heterogeneity (Cochran's Q statistic and I2 test) were reported. Results: The literature search yielded 3,403 articles, of which 65 studies were fully valid for analysis. The pooled seroprevalence for Brucella in bovine (n ​= ​46,883,177) was 4.0% (95%CI: 3.0%–5.0%; p ​< ​0.001), and Venezuela was the country with the highest prevalence (16.0%). By regions, the highest seroprevalence is in Central America and the Caribbean islands (8.0%,95%CI: 3.0%–15.0%; p ​< ​0.001, I2 ​= ​99.85). Conclusions: Some countries reported still relevant seroprevalences of bovine brucellosis, especially at the Central America and Caribbean islands. Multiple factors may influence the survival and spread of pathogens in the environment; farms located in regions bordering forest areas, in areas of difficult access to the veterinary service; extensive beef herds raised at pastures with different age and productive groups inter-mingled, and minimal concerns regarding hygiene practices and disease prevention measures. Bovine brucellosis has not been eliminated and needs to be considered with new tools for prevention and control, especially being a zoonosis

Iberoamérica y el nuevo regionalismo. Tomo 2

Este texto tiene como propósito reflexionar sobre las perspectivas futuras de la Comunidad Iberoamericana, a partir de un abordaje regional; tomando como referencia socios estratégicos, junto con las diversas iniciativas y sistemas de integración vigentes en el espacio Iberoamericano. De esta forma, lo iberoamericano y su institucionalidad se analizan desde la perspectiva de actores como los Estados Unidos y la Unión Europea, además, desde iniciativas regionales como MERCOSUR, CAN, SICA, CARICOM, el Sistema Interamericano y la CELAC. Estos análisis radican en el interés por identificar aquellos elementos que representan potencialidades y retos para Iberoamérica en su afán de mantenerse vigente en un contexto caracterizado por la proliferación de instancias regionales y acuerdos bilaterales

La geografía y la economía en sus vínculos actuales : una antología comentada del debate contemporáneo

Desde hace décadas, La Geografía y la Economía han forjado un espacio de discusión que debate sobre las intersecciones dadas entre ambas disciplinas. A raíz del surgimiento de la llamada Nueva Geografía Económica, asociada al laureado Premio Nobel de Economía, Paul Krugman, ha surgido un intenso debate acerca de los vínculos entre estas dos ramas del conocimiento y de su relevancia para las Ciencias Sociales de hoy en día. A su vez, dicho debate se ha visto enriquecido con el avance metodológico que tanto la Geografía como la Economía han experimentado en años recientes, para estudiar analítica y empíricamente diversos procesos regionales