Diversidad de antígenos leucocitarios humanos A, B, DQB1 y DRB1 en células de sangre de cordón umbilical criopreservadas en el Hospital Universitario Dr. José Eleuterio González.

Antecedentes: el estudio del sistema HLA y la determinación de sus correspondientes antígenos son muy importantes en programas de trasplante de órganos (riñón y células hematoprogenitoras) para la selección adecuada de la pareja donador-receptor, y su uso es cada vez más frecuente en medicina por su relación entre algunas enfermedades y determinados antígenos del sistema. Objetivos: analizar los alelos y loci A, B de clase I y DQ, DR de clase II en las células de sangre de cordón umbilical, y determinar su diversidad en la población con base en las unidades de sangre de cordón criopreservadas. Material y métodos: análisis de la diversidad de los alelos HLA-A, B, DRB1 y DQB1, en 80 unidades de células de sangre de cordón criopreservadas en el servicio de hematología del Hospital Universitario, para tipificar los alelos mediante PCR-SSP, en laboratorio externo. Resultados: los resultados del análisis mostraron que la diversidad y distribución de alelos tienen frecuencia similar a la de otros estudios realizados en diversas poblaciones del país. Conclusiones: el Hospital Universitario cuenta con reserva de unidades de sangre de cordón con frecuencia de alelos similar a diversas poblaciones del país

Cultural Heritage in Europe: A commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past II

Diseño web, apoyo RRSS: Empresa Jansá Cultura y Tecnología https://appcultura.comEl proyecto formará en el Patrimonio Cultural existente en la Unión Europea desde su gestión. Supone actividades como: 1. Conocer los bienes culturales desde la visión crítica de los procesos de patrimonialización hasta la catalogación e inventario. 2 Planificar su financiación, legislación o la ordenación urbanística y territorial. 3. Controlar las acciones ilícitas que pueden deteriorarlos, así como la venta o la transmisión de estos bienes. 4. Plantear su socialización desde la interpretación y la difusión en ámbitos formales e informales, desde estrategias de turismo, tecnológicas o de redes sociales, así como realizar procesos participativos, de implicación de la sociedad civil y organizaciones interesadas en la toma de decisiones sobre su tratamiento. 5. Ser capaces de evaluar a corto, largo y medio plazo y desde múltiples perspectivas, incluida la del impacto socioeconómico. De la importancia del tema habla por si sola la declaración del Parlamento Europeo para la celebración del Año 2018 y que reproducimos (http://www.consilium.europa.eu/es/press/press-releases/2017/02/09-cultural-heritage/): " Año Europeo del Patrimonio Cultural en 2018: celebración de la diversidad y la riqueza de nuestro patrimonio europeo, cuyos objetivos son: - Promover la diversidad cultural, el diálogo intercultural y la cohesión social; - Poner de relieve la contribución económica del patrimonio cultural a los sectores cultural y de la creación, en particular a las pequeñas y medianas empresas, y al desarrollo local y regional; - Hacer hincapié en el papel del patrimonio cultural en las relaciones exteriores de la UE, por ejemplo, en la prevención de conflictos, la reconciliación tras estos y la reconstrucción del patrimonio cultural destruido " Abordar estos temas requiere una formación transdisciplinar, que aporta el equipo de docentes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid y de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid pertenecientes a las siguientes áreas de conocimiento: historia, historia del arte, geografía, arqueología, economía, sociología, psicología, derecho, arquitectura, ingeniería de las telecomunicaciones y de caminos, canales y puertos. A ellos se le suma una trayectoria de cerca de 30 años en los temas referidos, siendo nuestros centros pioneros en España para impartir esa formación y sin lugar a dudas innovadores en la transversalidad con la que las hemos impulsado en nuestras distintas facultades y escuelas, donde no existe el área de conocimiento como tal. Participamos miembros de varios grupos de investigación, como el de Gestión del Patrimonio Cultural, Patrimonio Turismo y Desarrollo o Paisajes Culturales. Destacan responsabilidades y docencias en Másteres como el de Conservación y Restauración en Patrimonio Arquitectónico, de la UPM o el de Museos y Patrimonio Histórico Artístico de la UCM, lineas de doctorado en Turismo y Desarrollo, asignaturas de grado y posgrados como Patrimonio Urbano, Paisaje Cultural y Ordenación Territorial o la gestión del patrimonio arqueológico. Así mismo la mayoría de nosotros hemos sido evaluados positivamente por el programa Docentia, y hemos participado y dirigido otros proyectos de innovación como el que se encuentra en los antecedentes a este sobre Patrimonio Cultural en CIU y el del decanato de la Fac. Geografía e Historia de Living Unilab sobre APs y ecosistemas de aprendizaje. Iniciativas con las que continuaremos participando. Pero, sin lugar a dudas, ha sido el Máster Interuniversitario Patrimonio Cultural en el S.XXI: Gestión e investigación, un motor de arranque para iniciativas conjuntas entre este equipo, a través del Campus de Excelencia Internacional, y es justo este año cuando se pone en marcha y podremos allí explorar gran parte de nuestras innovaciones recogidas en este proyecto. A estos esfuerzos se suma el alumnado: 13 estudiantes de grados y posgrados comprometidxs con la oportunidad que nos ofrece el pasado. No hay mejor aval para nuestra propuesta.The Educational Innovation Project “Cultural Heritage in Europe: a commitment for socioeconomic change from managing our past” of the Complutense University of Madrid together with the Technical University of Madrid, took advantage of the celebration of the European Year of Cultural Heritage 2018 to open new paths of transversal and multidisciplinary knowledge in the field of Cultural Heritage by applying a type of classroom teaching that would allow students to offer projects that could have an impact on society and contribute to meeting the objectives set by the European Commission for this year's celebration. From a European perspective, the project has completed a triple aspect: researcher, education and public service when working and disseminating Cultural Heritage among the population of Madrid and Europe. The work has been done on disciplines as diverse as Architecture, History, Civil Engineering, Geography, Tourism, etc. to compose from the different subjects involved a speech that will contribute to this field.Depto. de Prehistoria, Historia Antigua y ArqueologíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEAyuntamiento de Madrid/Foro de Empresas por Madridsubmitte

Predictive Power of the "Trigger Tool" for the detection of adverse events in general surgery: a multicenter observational validation study

Background In spite of the global implementation of standardized surgical safety checklists and evidence-based practices, general surgery remains associated with a high residual risk of preventable perioperative complications and adverse events. This study was designed to validate the hypothesis that a new “Trigger Tool” represents a sensitive predictor of adverse events in general surgery. Methods An observational multicenter validation study was performed among 31 hospitals in Spain. The previously described “Trigger Tool” based on 40 specific triggers was applied to validate the predictive power of predicting adverse events in the perioperative care of surgical patients. A prediction model was used by means of a binary logistic regression analysis. Results The prevalence of adverse events among a total of 1,132 surgical cases included in this study was 31.53%. The “Trigger Tool” had a sensitivity and specificity of 86.27% and 79.55% respectively for predicting these adverse events. A total of 12 selected triggers of overall 40 triggers were identified for optimizing the predictive power of the “Trigger Tool”. Conclusions The “Trigger Tool” has a high predictive capacity for predicting adverse events in surgical procedures. We recommend a revision of the original 40 triggers to 12 selected triggers to optimize the predictive power of this tool, which will have to be validated in future studies

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Si l@s estudiantes universitari@s no eligen ingenierías que las ingenierías vayan al colegio.

La pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 ha puesto de manifiesto la imperiosa necesidad de construir una sociedad basada en el conocimiento. Otros grandes retos sociales como son revertir el cambio climático y la conservación y/o recuperación del entorno natural hacen énfasis en la necesidad de un desarrollo sostenible e igualitario. En este sentido es necesario concienciar a las nuevas generaciones del papel primordial que deben jugar las ingenieras e ingenieros en el desarrollo futuro como motores de ese cambio necesario. Sin embargo, el número de estudiantes de ingenierías disminuye paulatinamente, siendo además profesiones copadas mayoritariamente por hombres. En el presente proyecto se plantea ir a colegios e institutos de la Comunidad de Madrid a realizar actividades que pongan de manifiesto lo que la ingeniería puede hacer por la sociedad, presentado por los y las estudiantes de ingeniería química de la UCM que servirán de referentes tanto femeninos como masculinos para las generaciones venideras.Oficina Universitaria ApS UCMDepto. de Ingeniería Química y de MaterialesFac. de Ciencias QuímicasTRUEsubmitte

Seminario para el Desarrollo Agroalimentario y Agroindustrial del Istmo de Tehuantepec - No. 12

Participantes: Carlos Enrique Morales Bautista, moderador. Rodolfo Esteban Ibarra Orozco, moderador. Francisco Javier Calderón, Director en Jefe del SENASICA. José Luis Valencia Montero, Director General del Consejo Mexicano de Comercio Exterior del Estado de Veracruz. Leandro David Soriano García, Director de Inocuidad Alimentaria. Carlos Alfonso Espinosa Armida, Director de Calidad de la Secretaría de Desarrollo Económico y Portuario de Veracruz. Luis Manuel Cuevas Padilla, Director de Comercio Exterior de la Secretaría de Desarrollo Económico y Portuario de Veracruz. Marco Antonio Caballero García, Director de Certificación de semillas. Lourdes De Cosio González, Directora General de NORMEX. Abelino Cohetero Villegas, Presidente del Consejo Mexicano Regulador dela Calidad del Mezcal. José Luis Lara de la Cruz, Director de Inocuidad Agroalimentaria y Control Orgánico. Jesús Gutiérrez García, SENASICA. Ana Lilia Cruz Salinas, moderadora. Juan Antonio Villanueva Jiménez, Director General del Colegio de Postgraduados. Efraín Cruz Cruz, Director de Vinculación de Investigación Institucional e Interinstitucional del Instuto Nacional de Investigaciones, Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias. Leogibildo Córdova Téllez, Titular del Servicio Nacional de Inspección y Certificación de Semillas. Alberto Julián Escamilla Nava, Gerente de Plantaciones Forestales Comerciales de la Comisión Nacional Forestal. Julio César Sandría Reynoso, Rector de la Universidad Tecnológica del Sureste de Veracruz. María de los Angeles Peralta Arias, Rectora del Sistema de Universidades Estatales de Oxaca. Nayib Bechara Acar Martínez, Director de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas de Producción Agropecuaria. Jorge Santos Valencia, Secretario de Planeación, Evaluación y Desarrollo Institucional del Tecnológico Nacional de México. Jelle Van Loon, Representante Regional de CIMMYT para Amércia Latina. María Josefina Hernández Santiago, Subsecretaria de Desarrollo Rural, Agronegocios e Infraestructura SEDARPA. Mario Robles González, Subsecretario de Agronegocios. María José Elizarrás, Representante del IICA.Inocuidad, certificaciones y denominaciones de origen como valor agregado. Un espacio de diálogo para identificar iniciativas y experiencias de desarrollo para integración de las cadenas productivas estratégicas agroalimentarias y agroindustriales del Istmo de Tehuantepec