Empowering children in politics: evaluating a participative democratic programme

The objective of this study was to evaluate a participative democracy programme called Ágora infantil, carried out with students between the ages of 10 and 12. As in participatory budgets, the process is based on the research-action model (Lewin, 1946) and consists of the city council opening up decision-making on a part of the municipal budget or a concrete policy to the children of the municipality. This process of diagnosis, prioritization and decision-making was completed over the course of 5 to 7 sessions during school hours and implemented by the Coglobal association. Once the participants make a decision, the city council carries out the project selected in the municipality (the decision made is binding). The main goal of Ágora Infantil is to generate psychological empowerment and wellbeing amongst its participants, and to measure the effects of this programme on children’s psychological empowerment. To this end, we used Zimmerman´s model (Zimmerman, 1995; Zimmerman, 2000). The operationalization of the strengthening was based on: 1) knowledge of local politics (as a component of the interactional dimension of psychological empowerment) and 2) the self-perception of being able to influence the future of the municipality (component of the intrapersonal dimension of psychological empowerment). In addition, wellbeing was evaluated through the perception of being heard (Casas y Bello, 2012) and trust in the city council.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Tolerance of online harassment in romantic relationships: analyzing its relationship with gender-based violence

Objetivo. El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar la relación entre la tolerancia hacia el ciberacoso en el noviazgo (CBN) y las siguientes variables que han sido estudiadas tradicionalmente en la investigación sobre violencia de género (VG): el sexismo ambivalente, los mitos del amor romántico y los mitos sobre la VG. Además, se han analizado las diferencias en función del sexo en todas las variables. Método. 390 estudiantes universitarios/as (M=20.76; DT=4.83) cumplimentaron voluntariamente un cuestionario anónimo. Resultados. Los resultados revelaron una correlación positiva entre la tolerancia hacia el CBN y el resto de variables. En cuanto a la variación por sexo, los hombres mostraron mayores creencias sexistas, mayor interiorización de mitos del amor romántico y de la VG, y mayor tolerancia hacia el CBN que las mujeres. Conclusiones. Dada la relevancia social del tema y los resultados obtenidos, se recomienda abordar estas cuestiones en la formación/prevención del alumnado universitario y se ofrecen algunas sugerencias para futuras investigaciones.Aim. The main goal of the present study is to analyze the relationship between tolerance of online harassment in romantic relationships (OHRR) and the following variables that have been traditionally studied in research on gender-based violence (GBV): ambivalent sexism, and myths of romantic love and GBV. Additionally, sex-based differences among all the variables were analyzed. Method. 390 university students (M = 20.76; SD = 4.83) voluntarily completed an anonymous questionnaire. Results. Results revealed a positive correlation between OHRR and the other variables. Regarding sex based differences, male respondents showed stronger sexist beliefs, greater internalization of the myths about romantic love and GBV, and higher tolerance of OHRR than did the female respondents. Conclusions. Given the social relevance of the topic and the results, it´s recommended to address these issues in academic and prevention programs for university students and offer several suggestions for future studies

How Women Migrants Cope With Their Labour Experience: The Case of Eastern European Women Working on Strawberry Farms in Spain

The aim of this study is to know how migrant women from eastern Europe (hereinafter EE) define their migratory experience and how they face it. They were interviewed 25 women who work in the strawberry fields of Huelva (southwest of Spain). The phenomenon is approached from Liberation Psychology (LP) and qualitative methodology. LP emphasises power, as one of the core components of the migration experience, this concept has guided the interpretation of the findings. In-depth interviews with individuals and groups, comprising migrant women from Romania and Bulgaria, were conducted. A thematic analysis was performed which allowed us to identify the key themes running through their narratives. These have been grouped into three areas: the mechanisms of oppression, sources of power, and coping with oppression. In a bid to enhance the well-being of female migrant workers and levels of social justice several are proposed to giving workers better, more comprehensive information about the migration process; facilitating a redefinition of the concept of migration; and providing cultural competence training for employers as part of social policy are discussed

Hey children! Do you feel listened by your politicians? Evaluating a participative democratic programme

The objective of this study was to evaluate a participative democracy programme called Ágora infantil, carried out with students between the ages of 10 and 12. As in participatory budgets, the process is based on the research-action model (Lewin, 1946) and consists of the city council opening up decision-making on a part of the municipal budget or a concrete policy to the children of the municipality. This process of diagnosis, prioritization and decision-making was completed over the course of 5 to 7 sessions during school hours and implemented by the Coglobal association. Once the participants make a decision, the city council carries out the project selected in the municipality (the decision made is binding). The main goal of Ágora Infantil is to generate psychological empowerment and wellbeing amongst its participants, and to measure the effects of this programme on children’s psychological empowerment. To this end, we used Zimmerman´s model (Zimmerman, 1995; Zimmerman, 2000). The operationalization of the strengthening was based on: 1) knowledge of local politics (as a component of the interactional dimension of psychological empowerment) and 2) the self-perception of being able to influence the future of the municipality (component of the intrapersonal dimension of psychological empowerment). In addition, wellbeing was evaluated through the perception of being heard (Casas y Bello, 2012) and trust in the city council.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Health professionals' perception about the socio-educational group intervention with women who present somatic symptoms without organic cause

Objetivo: Conocer la percepción y opinión de profesionales de la salud de Atención Prima- ria sobre el impacto de la intervención grupal socioeducativa (GRUSE) no medicalizadora con mujeres que presentan síntomas somáticos sin causa orgánica. Diseño: Estudio cualitativo fenomenológico. Emplazamiento: Centros de salud de atención primaria de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, durante los años 2017 y 2018. Participantes o contextos: Se incluyó a 24 profesionales del ámbito de la salud, seleccionados según su nivel de implicación en la estrategia GRUSE (grupos socioeducativos). Método: Se aplicó una metodología cualitativa, a través del método fenomenológico. La técnica empleada para recopilar la información es el grupo de discusión, sobre el que se realizó un análisis de contenido. El software Atlas.ti 8.0 se empleó como recurso de apoyo al análisis. Resultados: Los profesionales ponen en valor el trabajo de grupo como medio para provocar cambios y refieren la importancia de la intervención como estrategia no medicalizadora. Perciben que las participantes obtienen una serie de beneficios: mejora de su bienestar personal, aumento de su autoestima y autodeterminación y la generación de redes sociales, beneficios que repercuten igualmente en su entorno más inmediato. Conclusiones: En opinión de los profesionales, la estrategia tiene efectos positivos en las mujeres y no supone un incremento de los recursos para el sistema sanitario. Además, manifiestan la importancia de dotar a las mujeres de herramientas para el afrontamiento de problemas de la vida cotidiana, que derivan, en muchas de las ocasiones, de los mandatos de género predominantes en la sociedad patriarcal. © 2021 Los Autores. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. Este es un artículo Open Access bajo la licencia CC BY-NC-ND (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Social Distancing and COVID-19: Factors Associated With Compliance With Social Distancing Norms in Spain

This article describes patterns of compliance with social distancing measures among the Spanish population during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It identifies several factors associated with higher or lower compliance with recommended measures of social distancing. This research is part of a 67-country study, titled the International COVID-19 study on Social & Moral Psychology, in which we use a Spanish dataset. Participants were residents in Spain aged 18 or above. The sample comprises 1,090 respondents, weighted to be representative of the Spanish population. Frequencies, correlations, bivariate analysis, and six models based on hierarchical multiple regressions were applied. The main finding is that most Spaniards are compliant with established guidelines of social distance during the pandemic (State of Alarm, before May 2020). Variables associated more with lower levels of compliance with these standards were explored. Six hierarchical multiple regression models found that compliance with social distance measures has a multifactorial explanation (R 2 between 20.4 and 49.1%). Sociodemographic factors, personal hygiene patterns, and the interaction between personal hygiene patterns and the support for political measures related to the coronavirus brought significant effects on the regression models. Less compliance was also associated with beliefs in some specific conspiracy theories with regard to COVID-19 or general conspiracy mentality (Conspiracy Mentality Questionnaire, CMQ), consumption patterns of traditional mass media (television, paper newspapers, magazines, and radio) and modern means to get informed (online digital newspapers, blogs, and social networks), political ideology, vote, trust in institutions, and political identification. Among the future lines of action in preventing the possible outbreak of the virus, we suggest measures to reinforce trust in official information, mainly linked to reducing the influence of disinformation and conspiracy theories parallel to the pandemic

Social and moral psychology of COVID-19 across 69 countries

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected all domains of human life, including the economic and social fabric of societies. One of the central strategies for managing public health throughout the pandemic has been through persuasive messaging and collective behaviour change. To help scholars better understand the social and moral psychology behind public health behaviour, we present a dataset comprising of 51,404 individuals from 69 countries. This dataset was collected for the International Collaboration on Social & Moral Psychology of COVID-19 project (ICSMP COVID-19). This social science survey invited participants around the world to complete a series of moral and psychological measures and public health attitudes about COVID-19 during an early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic (between April and June 2020). The survey included seven broad categories of questions: COVID-19 beliefs and compliance behaviours; identity and social attitudes; ideology; health and well-being; moral beliefs and motivation; personality traits; and demographic variables. We report both raw and cleaned data, along with all survey materials, data visualisations, and psychometric evaluations of key variables.Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL

Instrumento de evaluación del programa de democracia participativa Ágora infantil

En el presente documento se detalla los instrumentos construidos para la evaluación del programa de democracia participativa Ágora Infantil (AI). Esta política es analiza para conocer sus efectos psicosociales por un equipo interdisciplinar de la Universidad de Málaga y de la Universidad de Huelva tal y como figura en el contrato 8.07/5.38.4408. En el presente documento se detallan los instrumentos utilizados por el equipo de investigación, asegurando así su registro. Por lo tanto, el uso parcial o total de los mismo requeriría la cita de la correspondiente autoría

Conspiracy Theories and Disinformation in Andalusia. Executive Report 2019

CONSPIRACY THEORIES AND DISINFORMATION IN ANDALUSIA. Executive Report, 2019. 5th Wave of the Citizen Panel for Social Research in Andalusia (EP-1707, PIE 201710E018, IESA/CSIC, www.panelpacis.net).Teoría de la conspiración y desinformación. IESA-CSIC. EP-1707 5ª Ola. Panel Ciudadano para la Investigación Social en Andalucía (EP-1707, PIE 201710E018). http://ww.panelpacis.net. Researchers: Estrella Gualda (PI), Joaquina Castillo Algarra, Teresa González-Gómez, Elena Morales Marente, Marisol Palacios Gálvez, Carolina Rebollo, and Iván Rodríguez-Pascual (from the Universidad de Huelva); Alejandro Romero Reche (Universidad de Granada), and José Rúas Araujo (Universidad de Vigo)—names are listed according to alphabetical order. Funding: IESA-CSIC, 5th Wave of the Citizen Panel for Social Research in Andalusia (http://www.iesa.csic.es/blog/?p=2435).This research was conducted as part of the 5th Wave of the Citizen Panel for Social Research in Andalusia, PIE 201710E018 [Panel Ciudadano PACIS, IESA-CSIC, www.panelpacis.net]. Our work is based on the administration of a survey to a representative sample of Andalusians. The sample was composed by 1,103 participants. The survey universe of this research was defined as all individual residents in Andalusia aged 18 or over. For the data collection, the sample was selected from among the individuals who are part of the PACIS panel.The objectives of this Executive Report are, specifically to identify if Andalusians have generic beliefs in conspiracies, to identify if Andalusians share and support specific beliefs about some conspiracies that have been divulged, with left, right and neutral orientations, and to find out the degree of extension of these beliefs in conspiracies in Andalusia, that is, how many people are estimated to believe in unfounded information. This executive report is part of the work developed within the framework of the research project: “Teorías de la conspiración y desinformación” [Conspiracy Theories and Disinformation], which won a competition to conduct a survey on this topic in the 5th Wave of the Citizen Panel for Social Research in Andalusia (EP-1707, PIE 201710E018, IESA/CSIC, www.panelpacis.net). Furthermore, this work falls under the COST Action (H2020) on “Comparative Analysis of Conspiracy Theories” (COMPACT, 2016-2020), funded by the European Union’s Framework Programme Horizon 2020. From this COST Action emerge the Project PiCOM, Political Ideology and Conspiracy Mentality”, in which this report is framed