LA BIOGRAFÍA ARQUITECTÓNICA: UNA ALTERNATIVA PARA CARACTERIZAR LOS ASENTAMIENTOS ILERGETES DURANTE LA ÉPOCA DE CONQUISTA

Resumen: La conquista de  la Península Ibérica, originó en el nordeste peninsular la hibridación cultural entre dos etnias bien diferenciadas, conocidas como los pueblos ibéricos y los romanos, cuya plasmación más impresionante se dio en los cambios arquitectónicos de los asentamientos indígenas a partir de época republicana.El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido analizar dichas alteraciones en las planimetrías originales, tomando como muestra cinco poblados ilergetes de las zonas de interior, repartidos entre tres comarcas actuales diferenciadas geográficamente.Sometiendo a examen   dichas estructuras se ha pretendido no sólo analizar los cambios funcionales y estructurales, sino también establecer una categorización mediante un eje cronológico y geográfico, ofreciendo una imagen lo más completa posible de las variaciones en los patrones de poblamiento desde  el siglo III a.C. hasta el cambio de Era, amén de los cambios coyunturales que acompañaron a este proceso

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

Historical graffiti and mass culture. A vision from the Public Archaeology

The paper we present here contains prehistoric and historical graffiti representation forms in cinema and series aimed at the general audience. Making an analysis of these graffiti as one of the testimonies of emotions, daily life, society worries and its contexts, we consider very relevant its representation in cinema stages throughout history.This text represents a first analysis of typologies, forms, appearance contexts and also graffiti making procedure. Considering all these aspects, we have carried out a comparative analysis between their appearance in these films and the scientific historical graffiti studies from branches as History and Archaeology during the last decades.Accordingly, is our main objective to get deeper into the subject of the past image developed to mass culture within the Public archaeology theoretical framework.

Cogotas I in Madrid’s countryside: an analysis on the relationship between sites and passageways.

El texto evalúa el papel que juega la conectividad durante el Bronce final en la campiña madrileña a través de la relación de yacimientos de dicha cronología con las vías pecuarias y los Modelos de Acumulación de Desplazamiento Óptimo (MADO). La propuesta parte de la medición mediante sistemas de información geográfica de la distancia y la relación existente entre sitio de Cogotas I y vías de paso como un factor locacional clave dentro del área nuclear. Los resultados nos muestran un resultado de menos de 500 metros de distancia entre los yacimientos y vías óptimas. Por tanto, podemos señalar la conectividad como una decisión locacional de las comunidades del Bronce final en el espacio geográfico estudiado.The study evaluates the role played by connectivity during the Late Bronze Age in the countryside of Madrid through the relationship between the sites, the cattle trails and the LCP. The proposal is based on the measurement with geographic information systems of the distance and the existing relationship between Cogotas I sites and passageways as a key locational factor within the nuclear area. The results reveal less than 500 meters of distance from the sites to the optimal routes. Therefore, we can point to connectivity as a locational decision of the Late Bronze Age communities in the geographic space studied

Paisajes arqueológicos industriales y del conflicto en el arroyo del Hocino (Madrona-Hontoria, Segovia)

El presente artículo plantea un estudio global al paisaje del arroyo del Hocino, situado entre Hontoria y Madrona (Segovia, España), desde la Edad Moderna hasta época actual. En el mismo se analizan las causas de la transformación del espacio desde época moderna vinculado a la construcción del Palacio de Riofrío y como se convierte en un paisaje fortificado durante la Guerra Civil española (1936-1939). Así, se plantea un estudio integral de la cadena operativa de la cal, desde la extracción de la caliza hasta su transformación. En la misma área, también podemos situar una de las fortificaciones mejor conservadas de la zona; con trincheras, pozos de tirador o nidos de ametralladora, entre otros elementos. Este patrimonio nos conecta también con la historia social de las poblaciones donde se ubican, hablando no sólo de los trabajos tradicionales, sino de hechos traumáticos.The present paper raises a global study of the landscape of the Hocino stream, located between Hontoria and Madrona (Segovia, Spain), from the Modern Age to the present time. The causes of the transformation of space since modern times linked to the construction of the Riofrío Palace and how it becomes a fortified landscape during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) are analyzed through these pages. Thus, an integral study of the operational chain of lime is proposed, from the limestone extraction to its transformation. In the same area, we can also place one of the best-preserved Civil War fortifications of Segovia; with trenches, shooter's wells or machine-gun nests, among other elements. This heritage also connects our discourse with the social history of the populations where they are located, speaking not only of traditional works, but of traumatic events

Historical graffiti and mass culture. A vision from the Public Archaeology

The paper we present here contains prehistoric and historical graffiti representation forms in cinema and series aimed at the general audience. Making an analysis of these graffiti as one of the testimonies of emotions, daily life, society worries and its contexts, we consider very relevant its representation in cinema stages throughout history.This text represents a first analysis of typologies, forms, appearance contexts and also graffiti making procedure. Considering all these aspects, we have carried out a comparative analysis between their appearance in these films and the scientific historical graffiti studies from branches as History and Archaeology during the last decades.Accordingly, is our main objective to get deeper into the subject of the past image developed to mass culture within the Public archaeology theoretical framework.

Cogotas I en la Campiña Madrileña: un análisis de la relación entre yacimientos y vías de paso

The study evaluates the role played by connectivity during the Late Bronze Age in the Madrid countryside through the relationship between the sites, the cattle trails and the LCP. The proposal is based on the measurement with geographic information systems of the distance and the existing relationship between Cogotas I sites and passageways as a key locational factor within the nuclear area. The results reveal less than 500 meters of distance from the sites to the optimal routes. Therefore, we can point to connectivity as a locational decision of the Late Bronze Age communities in the geographic space studied.El texto evalúa el papel que juega la conectividad durante el Bronce final en la campiña madrileña a través de la relación de yacimientos de dicha cronología con las vías pecuarias y los modelos de acumulación de desplazamiento óptimo (MADO). La propuesta parte de la medición mediante sistemas de información geográfica de la distancia y la relación existente entre sitio de Cogotas I y vías de paso como un factor locacional clave dentro del área nuclear. Los resultados nos muestran un resultado de menos de 500 metros de distancia entre los yacimientos y vías óptimas. Por tanto, podemos señalar la conectividad como una decisión locacional de las comunidades del Bronce final en el espacio geográfico estudiado

Património Industrial Ibero-americano: recentes abordagens

Neste livro, que é um contributo importante para o avanço do conhecimento sobre o Património Industrial no mundo ibero-americano,estão reunidos um conjunto de textos de jovens investigadores que abordam os seguintes temas: a importância de incrementar a ligação entre os testemunhos do património industrial e os recursos documentais para o seu estudo; o desenvolvimento da investigação sobre património industrial na universidade de modo a que se produza uma actualização e normalização das metodologias próprias da arqueologia industrial aplicadas, nomeadamente ao conhecimento e registo activo do património industrial; a importância do trabalho de equipas de carácter multidisciplinar; a necessidade de aplicar critérios rigorosos em relação às práticas de reabilitação do património industrial; o reforço do interesse patrimonial de paisagens, edifícios, instalações e infraestrutura pertencentes aos diferentes processos industriais; e destacar o papel fundamental que os grupos e associações de cidadãos desempenham na defesa e disseminação do património industrial

Coronal Heating as Determined by the Solar Flare Frequency Distribution Obtained by Aggregating Case Studies

Flare frequency distributions represent a key approach to addressing one of the largest problems in solar and stellar physics: determining the mechanism that counter-intuitively heats coronae to temperatures that are orders of magnitude hotter than the corresponding photospheres. It is widely accepted that the magnetic field is responsible for the heating, but there are two competing mechanisms that could explain it: nanoflares or Alfv\'en waves. To date, neither can be directly observed. Nanoflares are, by definition, extremely small, but their aggregate energy release could represent a substantial heating mechanism, presuming they are sufficiently abundant. One way to test this presumption is via the flare frequency distribution, which describes how often flares of various energies occur. If the slope of the power law fitting the flare frequency distribution is above a critical threshold, $\alpha=2$ as established in prior literature, then there should be a sufficient abundance of nanoflares to explain coronal heating. We performed $>$600 case studies of solar flares, made possible by an unprecedented number of data analysts via three semesters of an undergraduate physics laboratory course. This allowed us to include two crucial, but nontrivial, analysis methods: pre-flare baseline subtraction and computation of the flare energy, which requires determining flare start and stop times. We aggregated the results of these analyses into a statistical study to determine that $\alpha = 1.63 \pm 0.03$. This is below the critical threshold, suggesting that Alfv\'en waves are an important driver of coronal heating.Comment: 1,002 authors, 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, published by The Astrophysical Journal on 2023-05-09, volume 948, page 7