El cuidado y defensa del maíz nativo en México: resistencias y acciones ciudadanas ante los transgénicos

El sector rural en México está inmerso en una profunda crisis multidimensional —social, ambiental, cultural y económica—, que es resultado de las políticas neoliberales que fortalecen a la agricultura industrial y arruinan a la agricultura familiar. Sin embargo, hay experiencias alentadoras, como la de la Red de Alternativas Sustentables Agropecuarias (RASA), que ilustra el trabajo de múltiples organizaciones ciudadanas en México, que asumen al maíz como parte principal de la identidad cultural del país, y su lucha por defender al grano autóctono ante el embate de las empresas que comercializan transgénicos.ITESO, A.C

El campo mexicano: algunas notas sobre sus perspectivas

Después de casi dos décadas de políticas neoliberales, el campo mexicano está en ruinas; la violencia, el hambre, la pobreza, la emigración y el deterioro de los recursos naturales son algunos indicadores de esta situación, mientras que el país importa cada vez mayores cantidades de alimentos a precios cada vez más altos, y los cambios en la dieta incrementan los problemas de salud y desnutrición en la mayoría de la población.ITESO, A.C

Crisis global y crisis rural: movimientos sociales y alternativas hacia la sustentabilidad

Trabajo sobre los diferentes movimientos sociales que buscan construir alternativas donde la noción de sustentabilidad rural ocupa un lugar importante.ITESO, A.C

Question Answering Systems

Sistema de NLP capaç d'entendre preguntes i respondre utilitzant l'ontologia de DBpedia

Investigar en la universidad católica: aportes desde el talante franciscano-humanista

Las universidades o instituciones de educación superior configuran su identidad, entre otros aspectos, a través del despliegue de las potencialidades que ofrece el ejercicio investigativo, tomando posturas o haciendo énfasis según intereses estatales o privados, en distintas direcciones. En este escenario las universidades “católicas” poseen una forma característica de concebir y promover la investigación, dando una respuesta clara ante las necesidades del contexto y de las culturas, al mismo tiempo que asumen la misión evangelizadora de la Iglesia. Luego de esbozar el quehacer de la investigación universitaria y de los aportes eclesiales para el cumplimiento de este propósito, se planteará la potencialidad inherente a la tradición franciscana entendida como un talante” que, fiel al evangelio, abierto al conocimiento y comprometido con la persona y la sociedad, se configura como un humanismo.Universities or institutions of higher education shape their identity, among other aspects, through the deployment of the potential offered by the research exercise, taking positions or emphasizing according to state or private interests, in different directions. In this scenario, "Catholic" universities have a characteristic way of conceiving and promoting research, giving a clear response to the needs of the context and cultures, while at the same time assuming the evangelizing mission of the Church. After outlining the task of university research and ecclesial contributions for the fulfillment of this purpose, Its will be considered the potential inherent in the Franciscan tradition understood as a "spirit" that, faithful to the Gospel, open to knowledge and committed to the person and society, is configured as a humanism.peerReviewe

Kleinbaum, N.H. (1991). El club de los poetas muertos.

Sin resume

Ecumenismo y construcción de la paz

El movimiento ecuménico ha sido objeto de reflexión teológica desde su nacimiento debido a la directa relación que tiene con la vivencia de la fe cristiana y los presupuestos eclesiológicos que conllevan las actitudes ante la diferencia, así como ante la anhelada unidad cristiana. En este marco, se presentará la relación entre el ecumenismo y la capacidad que tiene para construir la paz. Para ello, en primer lugar, se recordarán las divisiones que se han producido dentro del cristianismo. En segundo lugar, se dará cuenta del movimiento ecuménico y el potencial de unidad, teniendo como correlato el macroecumenismo. En este escenario se retoman afirmaciones eclesiológicas, en cuanto se cuestionan las notas esenciales de la Iglesia y se hace especial énfasis en la unidad. Y, en tercer lugar, se plantean algunos caminos de relación del ecumenismo con la paz.The ecumenical movement has been the subject of theological reflection from birth due to the direct relationship with the experience of Christian faith and ecclesiological assumptions that involve attitudes towards difference, and longed to Christian unity. In this context, the relationship between ecumenism and the capacity will be presented to build peace. To do this, first, the divisions that have occurred within Christianity will remember. In second place, will notice the ecumenical movement and the potential of unity, taking as a correlate the macroecumenism. In this scenario ecclesiological statements are taken up, as the essential notes of the Church are questioned, and special emphasis is placed on the unity. And thirdly, some roads ecumenical relationship violence and peace arise.peerReviewe

Progress on the preparation of nanocrystalline apatites and surface characterization: Overview of fundamental and applied aspects

Nanocrystalline calcium phosphate apatites constitute the main inorganic part of hard tissues, and a growing focus is devoted to prepare synthetic analogs, so-called “biomimetic”, able to precisely mimic the morphological and physico-chemical features of biological apatite compounds. Both from fundamental and applied viewpoints, an accurate characterization of nanocrystalline apatites, including their peculiar surface features, and a deep knowledge of crystallization aspects are prerequisites to attempt understanding mineralization phenomena in vivo as well as for designing innovative bioactive materials that may then find applications in bone tissue engineering, either as self-supported scaffolds and fillers or in the form of coatings, but also in other domains such as drug delivery or else medical imaging. Also,interfacial phenomena are of prime importance for getting a better insight of biomineralization and for following the behavior of biomaterials in or close to their final conditions of use. In this view,both adsorption and ion exchange represent essential processes involving the surface of apatite nanocrystals, possibly doped with foreign elements or functionalized with organic molecules of interest. In this review paper, we will address these various points in details based on a large literature survey. We will also underline the fundamental physico-chemical and behavioral differences that exist between nanocrystalline apatites (whether of biological origin or their synthetic biomimetic analogs) and stoichiometric hydroxyapatite

Recovering and Exploiting Aragonite and Calcite Single Crystals with Biologically Controlled Shapes from Mussel Shells

This research was performed under the Bluebio ERANET project CASEAWA (grant no.: 161B0949). This study represents partial fulfillment of the requirements for the International FishMed-PhD thesis of C.T. J.G.M acknowledges the CASEAWA project, grant no. PCI2020-112108 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spain) and the EU “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR”. PCI2020-112108 is part of the ERANET Cofund BlueBio Programme supported by the European Union.Control over the shape and morphology of single crystals is a theme of great interest in fundamental science and for technological application. Many synthetic strategies to achieve this goal are inspired by biomineralization processes. Indeed, organisms are able to produce crystals with high fidelity in shape and morphology utilizing macromolecules that act as modifiers. An alternative strategy can be the recovery of crystals from biomineralization products, in this case, seashells. In particular, waste mussel shells from aquaculture are considered. They are mainly built up of single crystals of calcite fibers and aragonite tablets forming an outer and an inner layer, respectively. A simple mechanochemical treatment has been developed to separate and recover these two typologies of single crystals. The characterization of these single crystals showed peculiar properties with respect to the calcium carbonate from quarry or synthesis. We exploited these biomaterials in the water remediation field using them as substrate adsorbing dyes. We found that these substrates show a high capability of adsorption for anionic dye, such as Eosin Y, but a low capability of adsorption for cationic dyes, such as Blue Methylene. The adsorption was reversible at pH 5.6. This application represents just an example of the potential use of these biogenic single crystals. We also envision potential applications as reinforcing fillers and optical devices.Bluebio ERANET: CASEAWA 161B0949MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spain) PCI2020-112108EU “NextGenerationEU”/PRTR”European Unio

La demanda colectiva contra la siembra de maíz transgénico: ciudadanía y soberanía alimentaria

La crisis rural en México tiene en la alimentación una de sus dimensiones más preocupantes. Con esta premisa, este texto destaca la demanda colectiva para la prohibición de las siembras del maíz transgénico en el territorio nacional y da cuenta de los esfuerzos, avances y perspectivas en torno a este tema.ITESO, A.C