Trabajando con maquetas: Eero Saarinen y Charles Eames en la Organic Design Competition, MoMA, 1941

[EN] This article looks at the background of the first exhibition given over to modern furniture design in America organized at the Museum of Modern Art in 1941. It becomes clear that the great majority of the designs awarded prizes in the competition prior to the exhibition were produced by young architects. This was because they were the only people who were up-to-date with modern trends emanating from the Bauhaus or Scandinavian design. Both the organizer, Eliot Noyes, and the prize-winners, Eero Saarinen and Charles Eames, became prominent after the Second World War as designers with outstanding professional careers. Finally, it is of interest to note the part played by prototypes and scale models in the processes of furniture design.[ES] El presente artículo estudia los antecedentes de la primera exposición dedicada al diseño de mobiliario moderno en América organizada en el MoMA en 1941. Se constata que la gran mayoría de los diseños premiados en el concurso previo a la exposición fueron elaborados por jóvenes arquitectos, ya que eran los únicos que estaban al día de las tendencias modernas derivadas de la Bauhaus o del diseño escandinavo. Tanto el organizador, Eliot Noyes, como los premiados, Eero Saarinen y Charles Eames, despuntaron tras la guerra mundial como diseñadores de sobresaliente trayectoria profesional. Por último, resulta de interés comprobar el papel que llegaron a alcanzar los prototipos y maquetas a escala en los procesos de diseño de mobiliario.Montes Serrano, C.; Galván Desvaux, N.; Moral García, Á. (2019). Working with Scale Models: Eero Saarinen and Charles Eames in the Organic Design Competition, MoMA, 1941. EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 24(37):26-35. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2019.12684OJS26352437Gordon Bruce, Eliot Noyes. A Pionner of Design and Architecture in the Age of American Modernism, Phaidon, Londres, 2006.Charles Eames, "Organic Design", California Arts & Architecture, 58, nº 12, 1941, pp. 16-17.Edgar Kaufman Jr., "The Museum of Modern Art Department of Industrial Design", The Bulletin of the Museum of Modern Art, vol. 14, nº. 1, 1946, pp. 2-14. https://doi.org/10.2307/4058147Brian Lutz, Eero Saarinen: Furniture for Everyman, Pointed Leaf Press, New York, 2012.Eliot F. Noyes, Organic Design in Home Furnishing, The Museum of Modern Art, New York, 1941.Eeva -Liisa Pelkonen, Donald Albrech, Eero Saarinen: Shaping the Future, Yale University Pree, New Haven, 2006

Four layouts of the Cathedral of Valladolid in one drawing. The new copy of Rivera Manescau's plan

[ES] La Catedral de Valladolid representa, pese a lo inacabado de sus fábricas, uno de los hitos del clasicismo en la arquitectura española del renacimiento. Su solar ha sido cuna del desarrollo medieval de la ciudad sobre el que, por su relevante posición topográfica, se han sucedido hasta cuatro templos. En 1943 apareció en la prensa local un plano que representaba esa superposición de colegiatas iniciada en el siglo XI. Ese plano se perdió y en la actualidad los autores han logrado localizar una nueva copia. Es objeto de este trabajo la publicación de esa nueva copia y su análisis gráfico, comprobando con la realidad su veracidad histórica, para concluir con una serie de reconstituciones digitales de los cuatro templos que aparecen en él representados.[EN] The Cathedral of Valladolid represents, despite the unfinished nature of its stone walls, one of the landmarks of classicism in Spanish Renaissance architecture. Its site has been the cradle of the medieval development of the city on which, due to its relevant topographical position, up to four temples have been built. In 1943 a plan appeared in the local press that represented this overlapping of collegiate churches that began in the 11th century. That plan was lost and today the authors have managed to locate a new copy. The object of this work is the publication of this new copy and its graphic analysis, comparing its historical veracity with reality, to conclude with a series of digital reconstructions of the four temples that appear in it.Gimeno Sanz, C.; Moral García, Á.; Carazo Lefort, E. (2023). Cuatro trazados de la Catedral de Valladolid en un dibujo. La nueva copia del plano de Rivera Manescau. EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 28(48):156-167. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2023.19882156167284

Paul Rudolph and the project for the Finney Guest House

[EN] This article considers the status of the project for the Finney Guest House within the professional career of Paul Rudolph, and its relationship to two further projects carried out during the same period, the Revere Quality House and the Healy Guest House. In all three cases Roberta Healy Finney appeared as the client or promotor, which leads to the thought that the Finney House might be a precedent for the Healy House. This text comments on some of the best drawings made by Paul Rudolph in the 1940s, including an exercise in the form of a project that he completed under the direction of Walter Gropius, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of Master in Architecture at the University of Harvard.[ES] El artículo analiza la relevancia del proyecto de la Finney Guest House en la trayectoria profesional de Paul Rudolph, y su relación con otros dos proyectos realizados en los mismos años, la Revere Quality House y la Healy Guest House. En los tres aparece como cliente o promotora Roberta Healy Finney, lo que lleva a pensar que la Finney House pudiera ser un antecedente de la Healy House. En el texto se comentan algunos de los mejores dibujos realizados por Paul Rudolph en los años cuarenta, entre ellos un ejercicio de proyectos realizado, bajo la dirección de Walter Gropius, para obtener la titulación de Máster en Arquitectura por la Universidad de Harvard.Moral García, Á.; González Medina, J.; Galván Desvaux, N. (2021). Paul Rudolph y el proyecto de la Finney Guest House. EGA Expresión Gráfica Arquitectónica. 26(43):110-123. https://doi.org/10.4995/ega.2021.15082OJS1101232643BELL, Eugenia (ed.). 2020. Paul Rudolph. Insipiration and Process in Architecture. Hudson, NY: Princeton Architectural Press.BJONE, Christian. 2002. First Houses: The Grid, the Figure and the Void. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.CERVERO SÁNCHEZ, Noelia. 2019. "El dibujo. Primera construcción de la arquitectura de Paul Rudolph", in VLC arquitectura. vol. 6, Issue 1, pp. 67-95. https://doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2019.10967DOMIN, Christopher, KING, Joseph. 2002. Paul Rudolph. The Florida Houses. New York: Princeton Architectural Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/1-56898-647-5DOMINGO CALABUIG, Déborah. 2009. "La modernidad sureña: Paul Rudolph en Florida", en Jorge Torres Cueco (editor), Casa por Casa: reflexiones sobre el habitar, pp. 90-103.Valencia: General Ediciones de Arquitectura.GALVÁN DESVAUX, Noelia, ÁLVARO-TORDESILLAS, Antonio, JIMÉNEZ JIMÉNEZ, Marina. 2018. "Paul Rudolph: arquitecturas dibujadas en el paisaje de California", en Zarch: Journal of interdisciplinary studies in Architecture and Urbanism. nº 10, pp. 100-113. https://doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.2018102934HOWEY, John. 1997. The Sarasota School of Architecture: 1941-1966. Cambridge: The MIT Press.MOLOHY-NAGY, Sibyl. 1971. La Arquitectura de Paul Rudolph. Barcelona: Gustavo Gili.NAKAMURA, Toshio (ed.). 1977. Paul Rudolph: 1946-1974. Tokio: A+U Publishing.ROHAN, Timothy M. 2014. The Architectural of Paul Rudolph. New Haven: Yale University Press

Enhancing vehicle re-identification via synthetic training datasets and re-ranking based on video-clips information

Vehicle re-identification (ReID) aims to find a specific vehicle identity across multiple non-overlapping cameras. The main challenge of this task is the large intra-class and small inter-class variability of vehicles appearance, sometimes related with large viewpoint variations, illumination changes or different camera resolutions. To tackle these problems, we proposed a vehicle ReID system based on ensembling deep learning features and adding different post-processing techniques. In this paper, we improve that proposal by: incorporating large-scale synthetic datasets in the training step; performing an exhaustive ablation study showing and analyzing the influence of synthetic content in ReID datasets, in particular CityFlow-ReID and VeRi-776; and extending post-processing by including different approaches to the use of gallery video-clips of the target vehicles in the re-ranking step. Additionally, we present an evaluation framework in order to evaluate CityFlow-ReID: as this dataset has not public ground truth annotations, AI City Challenge provided an on-line evaluation service which is no more available; our evaluation framework allows researchers to keep on evaluating the performance of their systems in the CityFlow-ReID datasetOpen Access funding provided thanks to the CRUE-CSIC agreement with Springer Natur

Cuatro trazados de la Catedral de Valladolid en un dibujo. La nueva copia del plano de Rivera Manescau

La Catedral de Valladolid representa, pese a lo inacabado de sus fábricas, uno de los hitos del clasicismo en la arquitectura española del renacimiento. Su solar ha sido cuna del desarrollo medieval de la ciudad sobre el que, por su relevante posición topográfica, se han sucedido hasta cuatro templos. En 1943 apareció en la prensa local un plano que representaba esa superposición de colegiatas iniciada en el siglo XI. Ese plano se perdió y en la actualidad los autores han logrado localizar una nueva copia. Es objeto de este trabajo la publicación de esa nueva copia y su análisis gráfico, comprobando con la realidad su veracidad histórica, para concluir con una serie de reconstituciones digitales de los cuatro templos que aparecen en él representados

Changes in durum wheat root and aerial biomass caused by the introduction of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele and their effects on yield formation

Aims This study aimed to quantify the changes in root and aerial biomass of durum wheat brought about by the introduction of the Rht-B1b dwarfing allele and their effects on yield formation. Methods A historical series of 24 Mediterranean cultivars with allelic variants a (tall) and b (semi-dwarf) at Rht-B1 locus was tested in tubes in three greenhouse experiments and six field experiments. Results The dwarfing allele reduced the aerial biomass of each plant at anthesis by 7.6 % and the root by 28.1 % (25.4 %, 26.7 % and 36.0 % in the upper, middle and lower root sections, respectively). Aerial and root biomass were reduced by 27.0 g y−1 and 7 g y−1 respectively, but the relative rate of change was much greater for roots (−0.73 % y−1) than for aerial organs (−0.17 % y−1). Aerial biomass at anthesis was negatively associated with spike number, harvest index and yield in tall cultivars, but no significant relationship was found for semi-dwarf ones. Conclusions The root/aerial biomass ratio was 29 % lower in semi-dwarf than in tall cultivars. In tall cultivars large aerial biomass at anthesis was detrimental to yield formation, while in semi-dwarf cultivars high aerial biomass at anthesis had no effect on yield formation.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Barriers to teaching communication skills in Spanish medical schools: a qualitative study with academic leaders.

Background: In recent years, Spanish medical schools (MSs) have incorporated training in communication skills (CS), but how this training is being carried out has not yet been evaluated. Objective: To identify the barriers to the introduction and development of CS teaching in Spanish MSs. Methods: In a previous study, 34 MSs (83% of all MSs in Spain) were invited to participate in a study that explored the factual aspects of teaching CS in these schools. The person responsible for teaching CS at each school was contacted again for this study and asked to respond to a single open-ended question. Two researchers independently conducted a thematic analysis of the responses. Results: We received responses from 30 MSs (85.7% of those contacted and 73% of all MSs in Spain). Five main thematic areas were identified, each with different sub-areas: negative attitudes of teachers and academic leaders; organisation, structure and presence of CS training in the curriculum; negative attitudes of students; a lack of trained teachers; and problems linked to teaching methods and necessary educational logistics. Conclusions: The identified barriers and problems indicate that there are areas for improvement in teaching CS in most Spanish MSs. There seems to be a vicious circle based on the dynamic relationship and interdependence of all these problems that should be faced with different strategies and that requires a significant cultural shift as well as decisive institutional support at the local and national levels. The incorporation of CS training into MS curricula represents a major challenge that must be addressed for students to learn CS more effectively and avoid negative attitudes towards learning CS.post-print853 K

Medical students’ attitudes towards communication skills training: a longitudinal study with one cohort.

Objectives: To explore medical students’ attitudes towards communication skills and the evolution of these attitudes from their first to fourth academic years. Methods: A cohort of 91 medical students completed the Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS) at the beginning of their medical studies and at the end of their fourth year after having engaged in a training program in communication skills with experiential characteristics (individual encounters with simulated patients, observations in small groups, feedback, and practice). We analyzed students’ positive and negative global attitudes and their affective, cognitive, and respect dimensions towards learning communication skills. Results: Medical students’ attitudes toward communication skills declined from their first (52.8) to fourth year (49.6) (p=.011). Along with this significant decrease in positive attitudes, a significant increase in negative attitudes toward communication skills was also observed in trained students (32.2 vs. 34.2; p=.023). The decline in students’ attitudes mainly involves a decline in their affective (51.4 vs. 47.3, p=.001) but not cognitive (18.3) attitudes. Female students have more positive attitudes towards communication skills than male students. Conclusions: The decline in students’ attitudes, mainly in the affective dimension, could be related to their accumulated learning experiences during the learning process and particularly their experiential training in communication skills. Nevertheless, the importance students give to communication skills in the cognitive dimension remains unchanged. Students’ gender also seems to influence their attitudes. Further research is needed to assess the role of other factors involved in this decrease in positive and affective attitudes.post-print610 K

Efficacy of cryotherapy for plantar warts: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Recent systematic reviews of plantar warts continue to consider cryotherapy as one of the treatments of choice, but this method appears to have lower cure rates than alternative treatments. A systematic review using meta-analyses of the efficacy of cryotherapy in plantar warts treatment was performed. Systematic electronic searches were conducted. The primary endpoint was complete clearance of plantar warts. Risk-of-bias assessment was based on Cochrane Handbook recommendations. Meta-analyses used Review Manager v5.4.1 software. Cryotherapy appears to have lower cure rates than other treatments (odds ratio [OR] 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.12–0.78) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 80%). A second subgroup analysis had low heterogeneity (I2 = 28.2%). Subgroup analysis showed that plantar wart cure rates were significantly lower with cryotherapy compared to the physical treatment group (OR 0.05, 95% CI 0.01–0.49) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 79%), and antiviral, chemotherapy, and retinoid group (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.14–0.66) without heterogeneity (I2 = 0%). Intralesional versus spray-on cryotherapy appears to be more effective (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.09–0.48). No difference in efficacy between two rounds of 10-s and four rounds of 5-s freeze–thaw cycles in cryotherapy was found. Evidence of the superiority of antivirals and chemotherapy over cryotherapy in the treatment of plantar warts was found. However, no evidence supports the superiority or inferiority of cryotherapy compared to other treatments

Microcirculation Improvement in Diabetic Foot Patients after Treatment with Sucrose Octasulfate-Impregnated Dressings

To assess the patients’ microcirculation evolution during the treatment with a sucrose octasulfate-impregnated dressing, fifty patients with neuroischaemic DFU treated with TLC-NOSF dressing were included in a prospective study between November 2020 and February 2022. TcpO2 values were measured on the dorsalis pedis or tibial posterior arteries’ angiosome according to the ulcer location. TcpO2 values were assessed at day 0 and every 4 weeks during 20 weeks of the follow-up or until the wound healed. A cut-off point of tcpO2 < 30 mmHg was defined for patients with impaired microcirculation. The TcpO2 values showed an increase between day 0 and the end of the study, 33.04 � 12.27 mmHg and 40.89 � 13.06 mmHg, respectively, p < 0.001. Patients with impaired microcirculation showed an increase in the tcpO2 values from day 0 to the end of the study (p = 0.023). Furthermore, we observed a significant increase in the TcpO2 values in the forefoot DFU (p = 0.002) and in the rearfoot DFU (p = 0.071), with no difference between the ulcer locations (p = 0.694). The local treatment with TLC-NOSF dressing improved the microcirculation in patients with neuroischaemic DFU, regardless of microcirculation status at the baseline, and in the forefoot, regardless of the location