Challenging Gender Stereotypes? An Analysis of Verb Processes in Newspapers Articles about Woody Allen Sexual-Abuse Allegation

Media have an enormous impact on society not only because they are a great source of information but also because it deal with that information from different perspectives. That is why analyzing language in newspapers uncovers what is behind news. One of the consequences of using specific language in newspaper is the reproduction of social inequality. By analyzing articles about Woody Allen sexual-abuse allegation, we will consider gender stereotypes in the media. In this dissertation, we will carry out an analysis of language in newspaper following Critical Discourse Analysis principles, focusing on two linguistic elements: transitivity and the representation of participants. The purpose is to see how language in media portrays women and men.Los medios de comunicación tienen un impacto enorme en la sociedad no solo como fuente de información sino también por las distintas perspectivas que ofrecen al presentar dicha información. Por ello, analizar en lenguaje periodístico revela qué hay detrás de una noticia. Una de las consecuencias de usar un determinado lenguaje es la reproducción de la desigualdad social. Analizando artículos sobre los presuntos casos de abuso sexual de Woody Allen, consideraremos los estereotipos de género en los medios de comunicación. En este trabajo, llevaremos a cabo un análisis del lenguaje periodístico siguiendo los principios del Análisis Crítico del Discurso, centrándonos en dos elementos: la transitividad y la representación de los participantes. El objetivo es ver cómo en lenguaje periodístico retrata a las mujeres y a los hombres.Grado en Estudios Inglese

Time geography paradigm to represent and to analyze gender mobility differences in Chuuk, Micronesia

Space in Chuuk is differently experienced by women and men. Gender appears as an unavoidable criterion for defining tbe restrictions and the zoning of the space in Chuuk. This 'genderization' of the space is mostly issued from the sex segregation and the strong restrictions that shape the sister-brother relationship characteristic of Micronesian societies. Our intention is to have a better understanding of the relation between the genders and the spaces to which they are allowed or forbidden. The first step is to map the accessibility and mobility that men and women enjoy or lack. For this, we consider that the combination of time geography and anthropology is the most suitable method to visualize the management of this gendered space

Schumpeter meets Goldilocks: the scarring effects of firm destruction

La crisis económica vinculada a la pandemia de COVID-19 supuso una perturbación sin precedentes para las empresas a nivel global, si bien se vio parcialmente mitigada por las medidas de apoyo desplegadas por las autoridades. Sin embargo, estas medidas están ahora llegando a su fin en medio de un entorno macroeconómico altamente incierto, como resultado de la guerra en Ucrania y del aumento de los precios de la energía. En este contexto, las consecuencias macroeconómicas de un incremento significativo de las tasas de destrucción de empresas suponen una fuente de preocupación que no debe minusvalorarse. Este trabajo documenta una relación en forma de U invertida entre la destrucción de empresas y el crecimiento de la productividad total de los factores (PTF): a niveles bajos de destrucción, la salida de empresas está asociada a aumentos de la productividad relacionados con el fenómeno de la destrucción creativa; sin embargo, a niveles elevados de destrucción, esta asociación se vuelve negativa y aumentos en las tasas de salida redundan en pérdidas de productividad. Asimismo, este trabajo considera un modelo de dinámica empresarial que incorpora una externalidad de la destrucción de empresas que genera la relación no lineal estimada en los datos. En particular, esta externalidad captura los efectos de amplificación asociados a una destrucción de empresas muy elevada que podría forzar la salida del mercado de empresas viables. Por ejemplo, debido a disrupciones en la cadena de suministros o a una contracción generalizada y muy acusada de la oferta de crédito ante un aumento muy significativo de las tasas de impago. Utilizando este modelo, se plantean dos escenarios distintos, dependiendo de la severidad de la perturbación sobre las tasas de destrucción de empresas en España. Si la perturbación acarrea una destrucción de empresas similar a la observada durante la crisis financiera global, el efecto sobre la productividad es positivo y la recuperación económica es más rápida que en ausencia de dicha perturbación. Sin embargo, si la perturbación acarrea una destrucción de empresas hasta cuatro veces superior a la observada durante la crisis anterior, el impacto sobre el crecimiento de la productividad es negativo, porque muchas empresas viables se verían obligadas a salir del mercado debido a la externalidad, lo que haría que la recuperación fuese más lenta.The COVID-19 shock impacted firms severely all over the world. Governments were swift to implement policy measures to aid these firms, but these are coming to an end in the midst of a highly uncertain macroeconomic environment as a result of the war in Ukraine and the surge in energy prices. In this context, policymakers are worried about the potential increase in firm destruction after support policies are lifted, and what its macroeconomic consequences could be. Using data for Spain, we uncover an inverted U-shaped relationship between firm destruction and total factor productivity (TFP) growth: at low levels of firm exit, Schumpeterian cleansing effects dominate and the effect of firm destruction on TFP is positive, but when exit rates are very high, this effect turns negative. In order to rationalize this finding, we build on Asturias et al. (2017) and develop a model of firm dynamics with exit spillovers calibrated to match the non-linearity found in the data. This reduced-form spillover captures amplification effects from very high destruction rates that might force viable firms to exit, for example, due to disruptions in the production network and a generalised contraction in credit supply. Armed with the calibrated model, we perform counterfactual scenarios depending on the severity of the shock to firm exit. We find that when the shock is mild and firm destruction rates upon impact are similar to those observed during the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), TFP growth increases, and the recovery is faster. However, when the shock is severe and firm exit is well above that of the GFC, TFP growth decreases, since high efficiency firms are forced out of the market, which makes the recovery much slower. Overall, our results point to the importance of keeping exit rates low to avoid long term scarring effects

Estudio energético de una evaporadora y una depuradora en una fábrica de producción de levadura

La gran cantidad de efluentes contaminantes generados durante la fermentación de la levadura hace que se deban implantar medidas para la descontaminación. El mosto sin levadura que contiene nitrógeno orgánico se concentra por evaporación para obtener vinaza despotasificada y sales de sulfato de potasio, mientras que los efluentes más diluidos son tratados por vías biológicas para obtener biogás y fangos. Debido a la gran cantidad de energía que se suministra en la evaporación, se realiza un estudio en el presente trabajo para eliminar el vapor que se suministra en el área de depuración de aguas residuales. Se analizan las diversas fuentes de consumo de energía y se realizan balances de materia y energía para contabilizar la energía de las diferentes fuentes para un posible aprovechamiento. El resultado del estudio es la eliminación del agua y del vapor utilizado en la preparación de polímero y la eliminación del vapor empleado en el reactor IC.Departamento de Ingeniería Agrícola y ForestalMáster en Calidad, Desarrollo e Innovación de Alimentos2021-07-062021-07-0

Impact of Myo-inositol supplementation in the prevention of neural tube defects

Motivation: Neural tube defects (NTDs) occur during early development by failure of neural tube closure and cause severe birth problems like spina bifida. It has been demonstrated that the mechanisms required during neural tube closure are regulated by genetic and environmental factors, such as maternal diet. Folic acid supplementation during pregnancy prevents the appearance of NTDs in 70% of the cases and the remaining 30% are considered folate resistant. For that reason, there is a need to find new supplements that could help preventing NTDs. One compound that is being tested is inositol, a simple carbon six sugar alcohol that participates in a diverse range of cellular functions. In clinical trials, inositol was used to prevent NTDs and the offspring from mothers that included inositol and folic acid in their diet during pregnancy did not develop NTDs. In our laboratory we are using Loop-tail, mutant of the member of the Wnt-PCP Vangl2, that in heterozygosity presents an incidence of 6% spina bifida. Previous studies using Loop-tail, revealed that a cellular aggregate originates in neural tube dorsal zone of heterozygous embryos. This aggregate, Sox10 positive, is formed by cells from the neural crest which did not migrate correctly. Besides, this cellular aggregate shares similarities with lipomyelomeningocele, the most common type of spina bifida occulta. In order to prevent the appearance of this cellular aggregate our laboratory previously used D-Chiro-inositol in Loop-tail mice as a supplement. Although the aggregate size and prevalence was reduced, crown-rump length of heterozygous embryos was significantly shorter than control embryos. Therefore, we are currently testing Myo-inositol, the isomeric form of inositol used in the human trials designed to prevent NTDs. Methods: Myo-inositol was administered in the drinking water to pregnant females from day E1.5 of gestation until E11,5 and embryos were collected at stage E12,5. From each litter, data referring to number of implants, resorptions and genotype of the embryos was registered for possible effects on embryotoxicity. In situ hybridization using a Sox10 probe, neural crest marker, was later performed in order to study the presence and intensity of cellular aggregates

Siniestralidad vial y subjetivación: el coche en la gestión global de la vida y la muerte

Depto. de Sociología: Metodología y TeoríaFac. de Ciencias Políticas y SociologíaTRUEpu

Firm-level heterogeneity in the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

Summary of Banco de España Working Paper no. 212

The economic impact of COVID-19 on Spanish firms according to the Banco de España Business Activity Survey (EBAE)

Artículo de revistaThe COVID-19 health crisis had a highly uneven impact across sectors and regions in 2020. However, there is hitherto little evidence regarding the heterogeneous impact of the crisis on different firms within each sector and region. This article provides an initial description of the characteristics determining how severely firms have been affected by the pandemic. To this end, it uses the responses (just over 4,000) given in the first round of the Banco de España Business Activity Survey (EBAE), launched in November 2020. The results show that turnover and employment declined more markedly at smaller-sized firms. Moreover, within each sector and region, the crisis has had more adverse effects on younger firms, less productive firms and those located in urban areas. In the case of jobs, higher temporary employment ratios are associated with larger reductions in employment