Protocolo de actuaciones para el fortalecimiento, mejora y aumento de la visibilidad del Grado bilingüe en Psicología

Elaboración de un protocolo de actuaciones necesarias para incrementar la calidad y visibilidad del grado Bilingüe de Psicología: evaluación, seguimiento de egresados, foro de profesores, prácticas internacionales, TFG en inglés, ejercicio profesional en el extranjero, información, etc

Implantación de un programa de acogida para los alumnos de movilidad internacional Incoming y de un programa de mentoring para alumnos de movilidad internacional outcoming

El presente proyecto propone la implantación en distintas facultades de la Universidad Complutense de un programa de mentoría y otro de acogida dirigido a estudiantes de movilidad internacional. Este proyecto enlaza con la implantación de las acciones diseñadas en la propuesta final del proyecto de innovación y mejora docente número 95 del año 2014 como resultado de las necesidades detectadas tanto en estudiantes de movilidad internacional incoming como outgoing

Proteostasis y degeneración macular asociada a la edad

En los últimos 100 años, la esperanza de vida ha aumentado, por tanto, hay un envejecimiento de la población que repercute en el incremento de la prevalencia de las enfermedades neurodegenerativas, entre ellas la Degenarción Macular Asociada a la Edad (DMAE). Estas enfermedades son proteinopatías pues los mecanismos que mantienen la proteostasis están desregulados. Los mecanismos principales son el proteosoma, las chaperonas y la autofagia. En presencia de estrés estos mecanismos se activan. Sin embargo, con el estrés crónico y en edades avanzadas, se ven disminuidos. Así ocurre también en las enfermedades neurodegenerativas y en la DMAE, que es la principal causa de ceguera entre las personas mayores de 60 años. Su principal agente etiológico es el estrés oxidativo en el epitelio pigmentario (EPR) que puede ser tanto endógeno como exógeno. Debido a las elevadas exigencias metabólicas del EPR, se generan altos niveles de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS). Existen factores que combaten el estrés oxidativo, destacando el Nrf2, que a su vez está regulado por otros factores como el p62. Sin embargo, estos mecanismos de defensa antioxidantes también están alterados en presencia de estrés oxidativo crónico. Todo ello tiene como consecuencia la desregulación de los sistemas que mantienen la proteostasis, siendo el sistema ubiquitina-proteosoma uno de los más importantes en el EPR, que no sólo afecta a la formación de agregados proteicos sino que también se estimulan factores proangiogénicos como el factor de crecimiento endotelial vascular (VEGF). Como resultado se obtienen un cúmulo de proteínas dañadas, el incremento de la inflamación y la angiogénesis, característicos de la DMAE.Universidad de Sevilla. Doble Grado en Farmacia y Óptica y Optometrí

Assessment of the Extrusion Process and Printability of Suspension-Type Drug-Loaded AffinisolTM Filaments for 3D Printing

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology enables the design of new drug delivery systems for personalised medicine. Polymers that can be molten are needed to obtain extruded filaments for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), one of the most frequently employed techniques for 3D printing. The aim of this work was to evaluate the extrusion process and the physical appearance of filaments made of a hydrophilic polymer and a non-molten model drug. Metformin was used as model drug and Affinisol™ 15LV as the main carrier. Drug-loaded filaments were obtained by using a single-screw extruder and, subsequently, their printability was tested. Blends containing up to a 60% and 50% drug load with 5% and 7.5% of auxiliary excipients, respectively, were successfully extruded. Between the obtained filaments, those containing up to 50% of the drug were suitable for use in FDM 3D printing. The studied parameters, including residence time, flow speed, brittleness, and fractal dimension, reflect a critical point in the extrusion process at between 30–40% drug load. This finding could be essential for understanding the behaviour of filaments containing a non-molten component

Prevalencia de anormalidades de células epiteliales y factores asociados en mujeres de un municipio rural colombiano

Introduction. In spite of implementation of cytology-based cervical cancer screening in Colombia, mortality rates remain stable. The description of factors associated to cervical pre-neoplasic lesions is needed to establish strategies for mortality prevention.Objective. The prevalence of epithelial squamous cell abnormalities was determined to explore the association of cytology abnormalities with described risk factors. Materials and methods. This population-based, cross-sectional study included 739 women randomly selected by age. A validated face-to-face questionnaire and conventional cervical cytology were used to collect the information. To establish the association between cervical abnormalities and some qualitative variables, the independent chi squared test was used. We also calculated prevalence ratio with their 95% confidence intervals. A logistic regression model was used to explore variables that potentially explain cytology abnormalities.Results. The prevalence of squamous cell abnormality was 15.8%. Among women with abnormal cytology, 10% presented atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, 3.9% low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion and 1.9% high grade squamous intra-epithelial lesion. The adjusted logistical regression analysis showed that history of sexual transmitted disease, two or more sexual partners during entire life and previous abnormal cytology were associated with cytology abnormalities.Conclusion. The relation of epithelial squamous cell abnormalities with sexual behavior history reflexes the link between human papiloma virus infection and cervical cancer pre-neoplasic lesions. The frequency of use and knowledge about the purpose of cytology were factors that suggested other diagnostic limitations such as quality of cervical cytology or barriers to access health care. These latter factors may be the underlying basis for the high cervical cancer mortality rates.Introducción. A pesar de la existencia de los programas de tamización basados en la citología, las tasas de cáncer de cuello uterino permanecen estables en Colombia. La descripción de los factores asociados a las lesiones precursoras de cáncer de cuello uterino es necesaria para establecer estrategias para su prevención.Objetivo. Determinar la prevalencia de las anormalidades de células epiteliales escamosasy su asociación con los factores de riesgo descritos.Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal de población en 739 mujeres, seleccionadas en forma aleatoria. La información se recolectó mediante la citología y un cuestionario previamente validado. La medida de asociación fue la razón de prevalencia con su respectivo intervalo de confianza del 95%. Las variables de confusión fueron controladas en un modelo de regresión logística multivariado.Resultados.La prevalencia del evento fue de 15,8%. Entre las mujeres con citología anormal, 10% presentó células escamosas atípicas de significado indeterminado; 3,9%, lesión escamosa intraepitelial de bajo grado, y 1,9%, lesión escamosa intraepitelial de alto grado.La regresión logística ajustada sugiere que los antecedentes de enfermedades de transmisión sexual, una citología anormal y tener dos o más parejas regulares/ocasionales durante la vida se asocian con la presencia del evento.Conclusiones. La relación de anormalidades de células escamosas con conducta sexual refleja la asociación entre el virus del papiloma humano y lesiones preneoplásicas de cáncer de cuello uterino. El uso frecuente y el adecuado conocimiento sobre la citología, sugiere que aspectos tales como las dificultades con la calidad de la citología o el acceso al diagnóstico y tratamiento, pudieran explicar las altas tasas de cáncer de cuello uterino

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Hydrophilic High Drug-Loaded 3D Printed Gastroretentive System with Robust Release Kinetics

Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology enables an important improvement in the design of new drug delivery systems, such as gastroretentive floating tablets. These systems show a better temporal and spatial control of the drug release and can be customized based on individual therapeutic needs. The aim of this work was to prepare 3DP gastroretentive floating tablets designed to provide a controlled release of the API. Metformin was used as a non-molten model drug and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose with null or negligible toxicity was the main carrier. High drug loads were assayed. Another objective was to maintain the release kinetics as robust as possible when varying drug doses from one patient to another. Floating tablets using 10–50% w/w drug-loaded filaments were obtained by Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3DP. The sealing layers of our design allowed successful buoyancy of the systems and sustained drug release for more than 8 h. Moreover, the effect of different variables on the drug release behaviour was studied. It should be highlighted that the robustness of the release kinetics was affected by varying the internal mesh size, and therefore the drug load. This could represent a step forward in the personalization of the treatments, a key advantage of 3DP technology in the pharmaceutical field.Junta de Andalucía US-1380923Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación RTI2018-095041-B-C31, FPU18/0566

A Biodegradable Copolyester, Poly(butylene succinate-co-ε-caprolactone), as a High Efficiency Matrix Former for Controlled Release of Drugs

A biodegradable copolyester, poly(butylene succinate-co-ε-caprolactone) (PBS_CL), was used for first time as an excipient for pharmaceutical dosage forms using direct compression and hot processing techniques (ultrasound-assisted compression (USAC) and hot melt extrusion (HME)). Robust binary systems were achieved with hot processing techniques, allowing a controlled release of the drug. With only 12% v/v of PBS_CL, controlled release forms were obtained using USAC whereas in HME over 34% v/v of excipient is necessary. Amounts over 23% v/v allowed a long-extended release for more than 72 h following diffusional kinetic. Thanks to the high melting point of theophylline and the physicochemical properties of PBS_CL selected and synthesized, the structure of the excipient inside the USAC tablets and HME filaments corresponds to a continuum medium. A percolation threshold around 23% v/v was estimated, which agrees with a continuum percolation model. The polymer shows a high excipient efficiency value using HME and USAC. A nanostructured matrix with wall thicknesses lower than 0.1 µm was obtained. This leads to a very effective coating of the drug particles by the excipient, providing a slow and reproducible release. The present study therefore supports the use of PBS_CL, for the preparation of controlled release dosage forms using hot processing techniquesMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad MAT2016-77345-C3-3-PMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-095041-B-C31, RTI2018-095041-B-C3

Assessment of the Extrusion Process and Printability of Suspension-Type Drug-Loaded AffinisolTM Filaments for 3D Printing

Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology enables the design of new drug delivery systems for personalised medicine. Polymers that can be molten are needed to obtain extruded filaments for Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), one of the most frequently employed techniques for 3D printing. The aim of this work was to evaluate the extrusion process and the physical appearance of filaments made of a hydrophilic polymer and a non-molten model drug. Metformin was used as model drug and Affinisol™ 15LV as the main carrier. Drug-loaded filaments were obtained by using a single-screw extruder and, subsequently, their printability was tested. Blends containing up to a 60% and 50% drug load with 5% and 7.5% of auxiliary excipients, respectively, were successfully extruded. Between the obtained filaments, those containing up to 50% of the drug were suitable for use in FDM 3D printing. The studied parameters, including residence time, flow speed, brittleness, and fractal dimension, reflect a critical point in the extrusion process at between 30–40% drug load. This finding could be essential for understanding the behaviour of filaments containing a non-molten component

Meeting on popular and traditional music in university education

"En mayo de 2018 se celebró en Bogotá el Encuentro sobre músicas populares y tradicionales en la educación universitaria, evento que contó con la participación de 20 ponentes, quienes presentaron los resultados de sus investigaciones e indagaciones alrededor del campo. Una muestra de esas ponencias constituye el conjunto de textos recogidos en esta publicación. Sin lugar a dudas, entre los temas más inquietantes de un evento de esta naturaleza resalta el que concierne a la definición de los términos. Las expresiones música popular y música tradicional son categorías plagadas de contradicciones y contra-ejemplos, lo que obliga a usarlas con mucha cautela. Detrás de ese problema está la dificultad de acotar con certeza qué significan tradicional y popular como adjetivos de sustantivos diversos. Reconociendo que el contexto artístico no ofrece mucha información al respecto, ya que categorías como popular y tradicional no aparecen en la arquitectura, el cine o las plásticas, el reto es abordar el debate desde lo musical.""In May 2018, the Meeting was held in Bogotá on popular and traditional music in university education, event with the participation of 20 speakers, who presented the results of their research and inquiries around the field. A A sample of these papers constitutes the set of texts collected in this publication. Undoubtedly, among the most disturbing subjects of a event of this nature highlights the one that concerns the definition of the terms. popular music expressions and traditional music are categories riddled with contradictions and counter-examples, which makes it necessary to use them with much caution. Behind that problem is the difficulty delimit with certainty what traditional and popular mean as adjectives of various nouns. acknowledging that the artistic context does not offer much information to the respect, since categories such as popular and traditional do not appear in architecture, cinema or plastic arts, the challenge is to approach the debate from the musical point of view."Bogot