5,468 research outputs found
Balance sheet versus earnings conservatism in Europe.
In this study we extend prior research on the international analysis of accounting conservatism (Joos and Lang, 1994; Ball et al., 2000; Giner and Rees, 2001), by examining the level of accounting conservatism across eight European countries (United Kingdom, Germany, France, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Italy, Spain and Belgium), and assessing the statistical significance of the differences among them. The definitions of conservatism that we use are, on the one hand, the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) definition, which implies a persistent understatement of book value of shareholders' equity (balance sheet conservatism). On the other hand, we use the one proposed by Basu (1997), that is, a timelier recognition of bad news in earnings relative to good news (earnings conservatism). We also address the possible scale problems of the models used to measure balance sheet conservatism. Finally, we check whether our comparative results could be influenced by a different sample composition in each country. Our results show that there are both balance sheet and earnings conservatism practices in all countries under study. In addition, while continental countries show larger balance sheet conservatism, differences in earnings conservative practices between countries are not that pronounced, although they tend to be larger in the UK. We also find that the existence of balance sheet conservative practices is associated with reduced levels of earnings conservatism, which is consistent with the results in Pope and Walker (2003).Order reprints; Request permissions;
Rejoinder to Ivariâs (2016) Paper: âHow to Improve the Quality of Peer Reviews? Three Suggestions for System-level Changesâ
This short paper is a rejoinder to Ivariâs (2016). It describes the Ivariâs arguments, corrective actions, and contributions on the peer-based review system problem in the information systems field. It manifests that, while Ivariâs posited solutions are worthy, they are also insufficient for achieving a behavioral change in the current peer-based review system. However, based on Ivariâs solutions, this short paper presents radical extensions as alternative solutions. Their implementation, however, will rely on the willingness of editorial teams of top and secondary-level journals to promote structural rather than superficial changes to the peer-based review system
Time-Precision Flexible Adder
Paper submitted to 10th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS), Sharjah, Emiratos Ărabes, 2003.A new conception of flexible calculation that allows us to adjust a sum depending on the available time computation is presented. More specifically, the objective is to obtain a calculation model that makes the processing time/precision more flexible. The addition method is based on carry-select scheme adder and the proposed design uses precalculated data stored in look-up tables, which provide, above all, quality results and systematization in the implementation of low level primitives that set parameters for the processing time. We report an evaluation of the architecture in area, delay and computation error, as well as a suitable implementation in FPGA to validate the design.This work is being backed by grant DPI2002-04434-C04-01 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y TecnologĂa of the Spanish Government
Exact Numerical Processing
Paper submitted to Euromicro Symposium on Digital Systems Design (DSD), Belek-Antalya, Turkey, 2003.A model of an exact arithmetic processing is presented. We describe a representation format that gives us a greater expressive capability and covers a wider numerical set. The rational numbers are represented by means of fractional notation and explicit codification of its periodic part. We also give a brief description of exact arithmetic operations on the proposed format. This model constitutes a good alternative for the symbolic arithmetic, in special when numerical exact values are required. As an example, we show an application of the exact numerical processing to calculate the perpendicular vector to another one for aerospace purposes.This work is being backed by grant DPI2002-04434-C04-01 from the Ministerio de Ciencia y TecnologĂa of the Spanish Government
Sistema de gestiĂłn de energĂa para una estaciĂłn de carga de vehĂculos cero emisiones basado en MPC
This work is within the lines of research of the AutomĂĄtica y RobĂłtica Industrial group from the IngenierĂa de
Sistemas y AutomĂĄtica Department at University of Seville. In particular, it aims at serving as a base for the
group contribution to the zero-emission vehicle recharging station future project, which will be held by the
Excellent Research Group ENGREEN with the collaboration of researches from the whole Escuela TĂ©cnica
Superior de IngenierĂa.
Due to environmental goals of ENGREEN, besides inspiring the use of electric and hydrogen-based vehicles,
the charging station will consume renewable energy coming from solar power. The use and management of
energy storage system such as hydrogen is crucial because of uncertainty in energy production and
consumption. Predictive controllers, well-known as MPC, are used in this work for the resolution of such a
complex and multi-objective energy flow problem in that system.
Throughout this report, the microgrid is simulated in different generation and consumption scenarios, showing
how a scheduler MPC, using both continuous and logic variables, and a reference tracking MPC, using only
continuous variables, allow for optimal and efficient solutions. The software Sim”grid, developed by the group
itself some years ago, is used over MATLAB/Simulink with Yalmip toolbox and solver CPLEX for the
scheduler MPC and the solver quadprog without Yalmip for the reference tracking MPC. The work described
above is expected to be used in the future as a starting point for a more complex and detailed management of
zero-emission vehicles charging process.Este trabajo se encuentra dentro de las lĂneas de investigaciĂłn del grupo AutomĂĄtica y RobĂłtica Industrial del
Departamento de IngenierĂa de Sistemas y AutomĂĄtica de la Universidad de Sevilla. En concreto, trata de
sentar las bases de la aportaciĂłn de dicho grupo al futuro proyecto de estaciĂłn de recarga de vehĂculos cero
emisiones que llevarĂĄ a cabo la Unidad de Excelencia ENGREEN, con componentes de toda la Escuela
TĂ©cnica Superior de IngenierĂa.
Debido a los fines medioambientales de dicha unidad de excelencia, ademĂĄs de impulsar el uso del vehĂculo
elĂ©ctrico y del basado en hidrĂłgeno, la estaciĂłn de recarga harĂĄ uso de fuentes de energĂa renovable como la
solar. La incertidumbre en la producciĂłn y consumo de energĂa hace necesario el empleo de sistemas de
almacenamiento de energĂa como el hidrĂłgeno y su consiguiente gestiĂłn. El flujo de potencia en estos sistemas
es un problema de control complejo y multiobjetivo para cuya resolución se emplean en este trabajo técnicas
de control predictivo, o mĂĄs conocido como MPC.
A lo largo de esta memoria se describen las simulaciones de la microrred con diferentes escenarios de
generaciĂłn y consumo, mostrando cĂłmo un MPC planificador, usando tanto variables continuas como lĂłgicas,
y otro de seguimiento, usando sĂłlo variables continuas, permiten obtener una soluciĂłn Ăłptima y eficiente. Para
ello se usa MATLAB/Simulink sobre el software Sim”grid, desarrollado en años anteriores por el propio grupo
de investigaciĂłn, con el toolbox Yalmip y el solver CPLEX para el MPC planificador y el solver quadprog sin
Yalmip para el MPC de seguimiento. Lo anterior pretende emplearse en un futuro como punto de partida para
una gestiĂłn mĂĄs compleja y detallada del proceso de recarga de vehĂculos cero emisiones.Universidad de Sevilla. MĂĄster en IngenierĂa ElectrĂłnica, RobĂłtica y AutomĂĄtic
The effect of earnings management on the asymmetric timeliness of earnings.
Is earnings management affecting (driving) the measures of earnings conservatism?Ball et al. (2000) point out that the asymmetry in the recognition of good and bad news in earnings (faster recognition of bad news: earnings conservatism) is more pronounced in commonâlaw than in codeâlaw based accounting regimes. However, comparative studies on earnings conservatism in Europe have failed to identify significant differences between commonâlaw and codeâlaw based countries. We argue that in codeâlaw based countries managers have incentives to reduce earnings consistently. This enhances the association between earnings and returns in bad news periods. We find that after controlling for discretionary accruals, the differential earnings response to bad news in Germany and France decreases significantly.Conservatism; Earnings management; Europe; Comparability;
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